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29 November-5 December 1942: The Siege is Broken

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MALTA WAR DIARY FINISHES 5 DECEMBER 1942

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29 November 1942: Starvation Rations Barely Eased Despite Convoy

Malta has been holding its breath for news from the Government following the arrival of last week’s convoy. The first one subject on everyone’s mind is food. For many weeks, the Island’s armed forces and civilians alike have been on the verge of starvation. The want of food has created a greater fear even than heavy bombing. Children crying for want of food have become a common sight in the streets. The death rate among babies and the elderly has risen, viral and infections diseases have increased.

Although they could not openly acknowledge it, the authorities knew that without the convoy supplies would have run out completely on 3 December. Even with the latest delivery, stocks are only sufficient to feed the Island for another two weeks and there is no certainty when the next convoy will arrive.

Today’s announcement outlined the difficult choice faced by the Government: whether to raise rations in the hope of another convoy, or to be cautious until safe passage for supply ships is guaranteed. In the event rations will be raised slightly, with an increase in the all-important bread allowance targeted at men from 16 to 60 in the first instance, starting 1 December. For the rest of the population cheese and fats rations will be doubled and sugar restored to previous ration rates. Any increase in other commodities will have to wait until further convoy deliveries.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 29 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 30 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Mainly fair.

0740-0825 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are airborne to patrol Cape Scalabri as rear cover for returning bombers: no enemy aircraft seen.

1005 hrs Spitfires from Luqa are airborne to provide cover for 185 Squadron returning from a bombing mission.

1100-1215 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne to act as cover for returning Spitfires of 185 Squadron: no enemy sighted.

1425-1605 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on patrol: no sightings.

1640-1647 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft identified as friendly.

1220-1325 hrs Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron carry out a sweep over south east Sicily: nothing sighted.

Night Beaufighters 89 Squadron on intercept patrol over the Island and surrounding area: no enemy aircraft seen.

0230-0505 hrs One Swordfish is despatched to search for a missing Wellington crew: an oil patch is spotted on the sea, but no dinghy.

Military casualties Nil.

Civilian casualties Zejtun Emanuel Carabott, age 53.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 29 NOVEMBER 1942

P 46 HMS Unruffled

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept P 46 to sea.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Beaufighter, one Hurricane from Bone; two Hudsons from Gibraltar; two Wellingtons from Benghazi. Departures One DC 3, one Wellington to LG 224; one DC 3 to El Adem; one Liberator to Gibraltar; one Beaufighter to Bone; one Beaufighter to Algiers via Bone. Aircraft casualties One Beaufort shot down by enemy aircraft: crew missing.

LUQA Five sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron covering harbours and aerodromes in Italy. 1730-2300 hrs Seven Wellingtons 40 and 104 Squadrons were airborne to attack the docks at Bizerta in three waves. Bombs fell near fuel tanks and among buildings, causing one large fire visible 50 miles away. Eight Beauforts 39 Squadron were sent to lay mines in the entrance of Palermo harbour: one was hit by flak and ditched into the sea. The crew pilot F/Sgt Ellis Walker and Sgts R J McCallough, G R A Duffield and G D Stevens are missing.

TA QALI 0605-1055 hrs Two Beaufighters 227 Squadron on offensive sweep strafed motor transport and railway in Pantelleria. 0725-0920 hrs Two Spitfires 227 Squadron on offensive sweep: no sightings. 0730-0830 hrs Nine Spitfires, five carrying bombs, of 249 Squadron on bombing sweep: bombs were dropped on Comiso aerodrome with good results. Beaufighters had their most active day of the month, flying 18 sorties against shipping and aircraft in the north east area of Tunis. 1010-1330 hrs Three Beaufighters 227 Squadron on offensive sweep: one coaster attacked and damaged. 1250-1630 hrs Two Beaufighters 272 Squadron on offensive sweep: P/O Palmer destroyed one JU 52.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Convoy duties continue.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged at sub-depot.

30 November 1942: Spitfire Bombers Turn Table on Axis

AIR RAID STATISTICS NOVEMBER 1942

Total number of alerts to date 3165
Total number of alerts this month 30
Number of blank days 11
Number of night raids 13
Raid free nights 23
Alerts for own planes 7
Total time from air raid alert to Raiders Passed 10 hrs 35 mins
Average length of alert 21.2 mins

MALTA’S FIGHTER BOMBERS KEEP AXIS AIRCRAFT ON THE GROUND

Spitfire Mk V fighter bomber

Having suffered for many months at the hands of Messerschmitt fighter bombers, Malta has turned the tables on the Axis with its own Spitfire Bomber force. Brought into use for the first time at the beginning of this month, the Island’s fighter bombers have carried out many attacks on the southern Italian aerodromes, flying a total of 54 successful sorties in which they dropped 13 tons of bombs.

Main targets for the Spitfire Bombers are Comiso and Gela aerodromes. Although many German and Italian fighters are still based in south east Sicily, they have shown a surprising reluctance to engage Malta’s fighter bombers. On the few occasions when enemy fighters have been encountered the close escort of Spitfires has had no difficulty in driving them off. Their busiest day so far was Wednesday 25 November, when Spitfire Bombers flew 19 sorties.

Today saw 13 sorties: the first this morning was by 185 Squadron. Four fighter bombers with four Spitfire fighters as close escort were despatched to bomb Comiso aerodrome. Four explosions were observed to the rear of the main buildings east of the aerodrome. On the way out, the second pair of Spitfire bombers was attacked from below by a Macchi 200. Strikes hit Sgt Gunstone in Red 3, who fired three bursts in return, seeing strikes along the Italian’s fuselage and can claim one Macchi 200 damaged. 17 more Spitfires, nine of which were carrying bombs, attacked Comiso in two waves: one Macchi 200 was damaged.

272 SQUADRON COMMANDING OFFICER BACK FROM THE DEAD

Two RAF officers walked into the RAF Officers’ mess today to the surprise and delight of their comrades who thought they had been lost in action. Squadron Leader Antony (Tony) Watson, Commanding Officer of 272 Squadron, and his navigator Pilot Officer C F Cutting were reported missing on 14 November. During an attack on El Aouina aerodrome, they were strafing a German JU 52 on the ground when their Beaufighter was hit by flak, damaging the starboard engine. They were last seen making an emergency landing on the beach at Tunis, six miles from the airfield.

S/Ldr Watson today related how he and P/O Cutting set fire to the Beaufighter, then set off to find the Allied lines, which they managed to reach without being captured. Eventually they were able to hitch a ride back to Malta, where they have been duly given membership of the ‘Late Arrivals Club’.

NORTH AFRICAN VENTURE CANCELLED AGAIN

The proposed Army mission to a French port in North Africa was called off again today. The move follows the report from the RAF, following a reconnaissance flight yesterday. The project leader Major H M Vaux, MC, also liaised with 1^st Army at present in Tunisia and, having reviewed all the information, Fortress Headquarters decided to cancel the proposed operation.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 30 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 1 DECEMBER 1942

Weather Variable; local showers.

0705 hrs Two Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are airborne to search for a missing Beaufort: no dinghy is seen.

0755 hrs Four Spitfires 126 Squaqdron Luqa are airborne to cover the return of fighter bombers: no enemy aircraft seen.

1615-1645 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1615-1700 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far on patrol Grand Harbour: nothing seen.

2359 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa on patrol over Pantelleria: no sightings.

0212-0214 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft identified as friendly.

Military casualties Sergeant William Clark, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR); Sergeant Kenneth Gamble, RAF VR; Flight Sergeant Laurence Helme, RAF VR; Sergeant Thomas Howarth, RAF VR; Sergeant Ronald McLean, RAF VR; Sergeant William Richards, RAF; all 39 Squadron. Sergeant Donald Reeve, RAF VR, 242 Squadron; Flying Officer Richard Twomey, Royal Australian Air Force.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS 30 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY The move of 821 Squadron of the Fleet Air Arm (twelve Albacores) from the Western Desert was completed today. No aircraft were lost during passage. Hebe swept P 35 out and P 311 and P 44 in. P 311 joins Tenth Submarine Flotilla, reporting an uneventful passage direct from the United Kingdom.

P 44 HMS United

HMS Una arrived from patrol in the Gulf of Tunis. On 27 November, she torpedoed and sank a 4000 ton merchant vessel, one of two escorted by a destroyer. The merchant vessel blew up causing superficial damage to the Una at 1200 yards. HMS P 44 returned from a patrol off Burat-el-Hsun, Tripoli and Kerkennah areas. At 1845 hrs on 21 November, P 44 entered Burat harbour and engaged a schooner with her 3″ gun, scoring twelve hits; the schooner was considered sunk.

Axis shipping losses November 1942: 19 merchant ships sunk totaling 41,450 tons; 14 merchant ships damaged totaling 29,540 tons.

AIR HQ Beaufighters on offensive patrols damaged two JU 52s, one SM 79 and two Macchi 200s in the air; destroyed two Cant Z 506s and damaged two more as well as one JU 52 on the ground. One schooner, motor transport and a train were also shot up.

Two Beaufighters of 227 Squadron attacked a 1500 ton merchant vessel approaching Pantelleria harbour, sighted earlier by a Baltimore. The two Beaufighters attacked from such a low level that one of them was slightly damaged by striking the funnel of the merchant ship, with its starboard propeller. Two ME 109s made an abortive attempt to intercept. Two direct hits were scored, causing a terrific explosion followed by a large column of black and white smoke. The vessel can be considered destroyed.

Departures One Hurricane to Bone. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire shot down over enemy territory: pilot missing. One Spitfire failed to return from operations: pilot missing. One Wellington crash-landed: crew uninjured. Two Beauforts failed to return from operations: crews missing.

HAL FAR 12 delivery Albacores arrived from Middle East. 1004-1701 hrs One Hurricane carried out a special mission: Hal Far to Bone and return.

Poor House Luqa

LUQA Strengths: 230 Officers, 665 NCOs, 2079 Other Ranks, 771 Army, 600 civilians. Personnel accommodation made by fixing up Poor House with steel tubular 3-tier bunks. Owing to inability to obtain beds from equipment sources, 1500 bunks were made. Material was obtained from aerodrome obstructions and made entirely by RAF personnel working parties. Three sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron covering the harbours of Naples, Palermo, Bizerta, Tunis and Sousse.

1425 hrs Three Spitfire bombers with four Spitfires as close escort, all 126 Squadron, are despatched to attack Gela aerodrome: no enemy aircraft seen. 1718 hrs Ten Wellingtons 40 Squadron were airborne to attack Bizerta: bombs were dropped on target and all aircraft returned safely. 1815 hrs Eight Beauforts 39 Squadron were despatched to lay mines in Bizerta and Tunis harbours. Two aircraft failed to return and missing crews were named as: F/Sgt Twomey, F/Sgt Helme, Sgts Gamble and Howarth; P/O Brown and Sgts Richards, McLean and Clark.

TA QALI 0710-0820 hrs Ten Spitfires 249 Squadron carried out a bombing sweep of Gela aerodrome: bombs were dropped on the runway. 0715-0810 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron carry out a bombing sweep of Comiso aerodrome: all bombs dropped on and around target. 1155-1305 hrs Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron, six carrying bombs, attacked Gela aerodrome. Bombs were dropped but results not observed. Sgt Wendt does not return and is declared missing. 1535-1645 hrs Nine Spitfires 229 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol: no sightings.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Green dump cleared and guard dismounted. Other convoy duties continue. Company strengths 29 Officers, 788 Other Ranks; 3 Officers, 9 Other Ranks attached.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT For period 11-30 November working party provided at Hal Far: four 15 cwt lorries for food delivery, servicing aircraft and as mobile repair vehicles; two impressed lorries for crater filling; two motor cycles as special despatch riders; 16 Other Ranks to man above vehicles. For period 18-30 November the following were working at Zabbar sub-depot: four 15 cwt lorries, five impressed lorries and 16 Other Ranks for convoy transport work. Throughout the month two Twin Lewis guns were manned in the anti-aircraft defence of Safi Strip.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Recce by CO of new central dump at Floriana for unloading of next convoy.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged at sub-depot.

24 FORTRESS COMPANY ROYAL ENGINEERS Strength of Company: 5 Officers and 226 Other Ranks. During the month the CQMS store was completed except for finishing touches to roof and the messroom at camp was covered in. Part of 2 Section billet, weakened by bomb explosions, fell down and is to be rebuilt. Hot baths were constructed for the Company in No 3 Section billets.

1 December 1942: Another Convoy for Malta

A convoy of four merchant ships with a large escort of cruisers and destroyers sailed from Port Said at 1430 hours this afternoon heading for Malta. The four merchantmen gathered at Lake Timsah by noon yesterday, when a conference was convened by the senior officer of the escort who had flown in from Alexandria for the meeting.

Glenartney

The merchantmen are named as British ships Glenartney and Suffolk, and the American vessels Agwimonte and Alcoa Prospector. They are accompanied by the cruiser Orion and destroyers Belvoir, Hursley, Pakenham, Petard and Queen Olga (the Greek ship RHS Vassilissa Olga), who were sailed from Alexandria to Port Said to await the arrival of the supply ships. Codenamed Operation Portcullis, convoy MW 14 was delayed by fog at Ismailia which has now cleared.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 1 DECEMBER TO DAWN 2 DECEMBER 1942

Weather Fair.

0720-0800 hrs; 0835-0910 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali at a time on standing patrol: no enemy aircraft sighted.

1142 hrs Air raid alert for approaching enemy aircraft. Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept but the raiders turned back before they are seen, and while still 20 miles north east of the Grand Harbour.

1155-1305; 1335-1425 hrs; 1425-1535 hrs 12 Spitfire sorties 185 Squadron Hal Far: nothing sighted.

1330-1350 hrs Air raid alert for four approaching ME 109s which circle over Grand Harbour at a great height before receding north. Pointer rounds are fired by six Ack Ack gun positions. Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled to intercept but the raiders are too high to engage and avoid combat.

1350 hrs One transit Wellington from the Middle East carried out an anti-submarine patrol.

1600-1710 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are airborne to act as cover for Spitfire bombers of 249 Squadron. They are attacked by enemy fighters and take evasive action: P/O Mowbray is reported missing.

Military casualties Flying Officer John Mowbray, Royal Canadian Air Force, 229 Squadron; Warrant Officer Class II (CSM) Berkley Evans, 1st Battalion, Dorsetshire Regiment; Private Alfred Syddall, 8th Battalion, Manchester Regiment.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 1 DECEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Una swept in from patrol by Speedy.

AIR HQ Arrivals Three Wellingtons from Benghazi; one Baltimore from LG 227; one Spitfire from Benina. Departures Two Hudsons to Gibraltar; one Beaufighter to Heliopolis; one Hurricane to Bone. Aircraft casualties One Beaufighter crash landed due to engine failure: two crew slightly injured. One Beaufort missing from operations: crew missing. One Spitfire believed forced down into sea by enemy action: pilot missing. One Wellington force landed: crew uninjured.

HAL FAR 0640-0735 hrs Four Spitfire bombers with four Spitfires as close escort, all 185 Squadron, were dispatched to bomb Comiso aerodrome. Bomber leader suffered engine cut when still 20 miles south of Sicily so jettisoned his bombs and returned. The remainder of the bomber formation followed suit. The escort then set course to Noto and returned: nothing seen. 1000 hrs Hurricane left for Bone.

Albacore pilot prepares for night raid (c) IWM A161612

1827-0030 hrs One special Albacore and three strike Albacores carried out a torpedo attack on enemy shipping off the west coast of Sicily. 1925-0040 hrs Two special Albacores and five strike Albacores 821 Fleet Air Arm Squadron were dispatched to attack the same convoy but failed to locate the vessels. 2255 hrs Fleet Air Arm Albacores damaged a tanker in a convoy of four merchant vessels and five destroyers when fifteen miles south of Marittimo at 2255. Sub/Lt Pratt and Sub/Lt Kendrick scored one hit on a 6-7000 ton tanker which was left ablaze.

LUQA Personnel arrivals: 25 Other Ranks. Three sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron on aerodromes and harbours of Naples, Taranto, Messina, Palermo and Trapani. 2215 hrs Three Beaufighters 89 Squadron patrolled the area of Gabes-Tunis.

TA QALI 29 airmen detached from Station to 39 Squadron, Luqa. 0800-0905 hrs Ten Spitfires 249 Squadron, including six bombers, carried out a bombing raid on Biscari aerodromes: explosions are seen on the airfield. 0905-1325 hrs Two Beaufighters 272 Squadron on offensive sweep sighted two unidentified aircraft: no engagement. 1040-1145 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol: no sightings. 1155-1635 hrs Two Beaufighters 272 Squadron on offensive patrol, one carrying bombs. One crashed just after take-off: crew uninjured. 1530-1815 hrs Two Beaufighters 227 Squadron on offensive sweep attacked a merchant vessel and set the deck cargo on fire. 1545-1655 hrs Ten Spitfires 249 Squadron, including six bombers, carried out a bombing raid on Gela aerodrome: bombs were seen to explode in the north west dispersal area.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Working party provided for administrative and crater-filling duties at Hal Far: four 15 cwt lorries, two impressed lorries, two motor cycles, 16 Other Ranks.

2^nd Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT Five 1 ton, two 30 cwt, one 3 ton lorries provided for special service Zabbar.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged at sub-depot. 6 Officers, 200 Other Ranks engaged on aircraft pen construction at Qrendi.

24 FORTRESS COMPANY ROYAL ENGINEERS Company billeted at Bahar-ic-Cahaq (less No 1 section on DEL stations with HQ at Haywharf, No 2 Section building pens at Qrendi and Maltese details working in barracks, attached to Bomb Disposal, or on convoy duties).

2 December 1942: Convoy Rescues RAF Crew Adrift in Dinghy

OPERATION PORTCULLIS CONVOY ASSEMBLES IN MED

HMS Orion

The cruiser HMS Orion escorted by destroyers Paladin, Dulverton, Exmoor, Hurworth, Aldenham and the Greek Pindos sailed from Alexandria today to rendezvous with the convoy heading for Malta. Late this afternoon Hurworth was found to have defects; at 1800 hrs she left the convoy to return to Alexandria.

Later this evening Petard spotted a small boat adrift on the sea. It was identified as an RAF dinghy and its six occupants were rescued and taken aboard the destroyer.

Following a report from Vice Admiral Malta that furnace fuel was urgently required, a last-minute decision has been taken to include a tanker in the convoy. A vessel which had been originally intended for a later convoy to Malta will now depart immediately from Benghazi. Destroyers HMS Croome and Tetcott are on their way from Malta to Benghazi to act as escort for the tanker.

MALTA NAVAL FORCES IN COMBINED ATTACK

HMS Jervis

Royal Navy ships have wasted no time in returning to the offensive following their arrival in Malta last Friday. Destroyers Jervis, Javelin, Kelvin and Nubian launched a joint operation with Naval Air Squadrons to attack a convoy off Kerkennah.

The ships sailed at 1400 hrs this afternoon to intercept the enemy convoy of one tanker and two merchant ships, escorted by two torpedo boats and a destroyer, as they steered for Ras Turgeuness. At 2100 hrs aircraft of the Fleet Air Arm and HM Submarine P 35 attacked the convoy south of Kerkennah and sank two merchant ships, seriously damaging another vessel.

The Force K destroyers arrived on the scene shortly after midnight and sank a torpedo boat destroyer which was engaged in picking up survivors from one of the merchant ships.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 2 DECEMBER TO 3 DECEMBER 1942

Weather Fair.

No air raid alerts.

0625-0725 hrs Two Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far patrol over the Island: nothing sighted.

0700-0815 hrs Two Spitfires 229 Squadron search for a missing pilot: no sighting.

Military casualties Sub-Lieutenant William Guy, Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, HMS St Angelo; Sub-Lieutenant Colin Taylor, Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, HMS St Angelo.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 2 DECEMBER 1942

HMS Trooper

AIR HQ Arrivals One Wellington from LG 104; one DC 3 from El Adem. Departures One Hurricane to Bone. Aircraft casualties One Albacore lost on operations: crew missing.

HAL FAR 1500 hrs One Hurricane RNAS which left for Bone yesterday returned: mission accomplished. 1730-2315 hrs Three Albacores RNAS and eight 821 Squadron were despatched to attack two 5000 ton merchant vessels, one cruiser, one destroyer and one sloop in the Gulf of Gabes. Both merchant ships were hit and left burning: fires could be seen 70 miles away on the return journey. One Albacore landed at Luqa; another is missing, along with crew S/Lt Taylor and S/Lt Guy.

LUQA No operations.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY All drivers report to sub-depots for convoy unloading duties.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Working party provided for administrative and crater-filling duties at Hal Far: four 15 cwt lorries, two impressed lorries, two motor cycles, 16 Other Ranks.

2^nd Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT Five 1 ton, two 30 cwt, one 3 ton lorries provided for special service Zabbar. Four 1 ton lorries, one Officer, 78 men on fatigue at Ta Qali.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT COs conference on establishment of new dumps to be formed at Floriana under 2^nd RWK called Pink Dump and at Attard under 2^nd Bn Royal Irish Fusiliers called White Dump.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged at sub-depot. 6 Officers, 200 Other Ranks engaged on aircraft pen construction at Qrendi.

3 December 1942: Tanker Joins Operation Portcullis Convoy

ESCORT STRENGTHENED AS SHIPS APPROACH MALTA

HMS Tetcott

Minelayer HMS Welshman joined the Operation Portcullis convoy at daylight today on her way to Malta, taking advantage of the escort protection. Then at 1700 hrs this afternoon the American tanker Yorba Linda, escorted by destroyers Croome and Tetcott linked up with the main convoy north east of Benghazi. Soon afterwards, Welshman left the remaining ships to speed on ahead to Malta.

To cover the final approach of Convoy MW 14 to the Island, Force K cruisers Cleopatra, Dido and Euryalus with destroyers Jervis, Kelvin and Nubian were sailed from Grand Harbour this evening. They will provide protection for the convoy against possible surface attack.

US LIBERATORS ATTACK ITALIAN BATTLE FLEET

US Liberator bombers from the Middle East today attacked Italian ships in the Bay of Naples, sinking the Muzio Attendolo and damaging two other warships. The Italian cruiser was photographed yesterday undergoing trials in the Bay of Naples, following recent repairs.

Italian light cruiser Muzio Attendolo

Major units of the Italian fleet have been observed gathered in southern Italian ports from where they could threaten Allied sea movements through the Mediterranean, including convoys which might attempt the run to Malta. As well as Attendolo, three Littorio battleships and two other cruisers are presently at Naples; five other cruisers are in port at Messina and three battleships at Taranto.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 3 DECEMBER TO DAWN 4 DECEMBER 1942

Weather Mainly fine; fair.

No air raid alerts.

1030-1215 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1039-1131 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far patrol north of base at 25000 feet: nothing seen.

1440-1525 hrs; 1550-1635 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron at a time on intercept patrol: nothing sighted.

Military casualties Sergeant Everard Aspell, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR), 108 Squadron; Sergeant Ronald Semley, RAF VR, 40 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 3 DECEMBER 1942

AIR HQ Arrivals One Hurricane from Bone; one Beaufighter from Gambut; one DC 3 from El Adem; one Hudson from Gibraltar. Departures One DC 3 to El Adem. Aircraft casualties One Wellington’s bombs hung up and exploded while aircraft was taxiing: two of crew killed, rest uninjured.

Hurricanes at Hal Far

HAL FAR 1150 hrs One Hurricane RNAS landed from a special mission. He was attacked 50 miles off Kerkennah by one JU 88. The enemy aircraft overshot and the Hurricane was able to counter-attack with several short gun bursts: claims one JU 88 damaged.

1840-0010 hrs One special Albacore and three strike Albacores 821 Squadron were sent to attack enemy shipping off the coast of Sicily. Two 3000 ton merchant vessels were located 44 miles off Zuara moving at 8 knots. Both ships were hit by torpedoes and blown up. 1900-2005 hrs One special Albacore and three strike Albacores 821 Squadron were sent to attack the tanker hit last night and since reported stationary 10 miles west of Marittimo. The tanker was not located; only two hospital ships were seen in the area. All torpedoes were brought back.

LUQA No operations.

TA QALI 0835-1330 hrs Six Beaufighters 227 Squadron on offensive sweep: no sightings. 0835-1145 hrs Six Beaufighters 272 Squadron on offensive sweep sighted one JU 88 which is destroyed by F/Lt Rankin and F/O Coate. 0445-1000 hrs Four Beaufighters 272 Squadron are airborne to act as convoy escort: no sightings.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Battalion provided a working party of 3 Officers and 200 Other Ranks for pen building on Qrendi aerodrome.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Working party provided for administrative and crater-filling duties at Hal Far: four 15 cwt lorries, two impressed lorries, two motor cycles, 16 Other Ranks.

2^nd Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT Five 1 ton, two 30 cwt, one 3 ton lorries provided for special service Zabbar. Four 1 ton lorries, one Officer, 78 men on fatigue at Ta Qali. Three Officers reported daily to APM for traffic duties.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS Personnel engaged on co-operational duties (maintenance, refuelling, arming etc) with RAF at Luqa aerodrome, taken over from 2^nd Bn Royal Irish Fusiliers. 57 drivers engaged at motor transport sub-depot.

4 December 1942: HMS Welshman Arrives Safely

WELSHMAN REPORTS MED QUIET FOR PASSAGE OF PORTCULLIS

HMS Welshman enters Grand Harbour

HMS Welshman arrived in Grand Harbour today having left Convoy MW 14 yesterday evening. The minelayer reported an incident-free passage through the Mediterranean. Conditions appear favourable for the progress of the convoy.

Force K signalled at daylight that all vessels have joined up safely with Operation Portcullis the convoy and will remain in close escort throughout the day. The ships are now within reach of Malta aircraft which will mount a constant escort for the remainder of their passage to Grand Harbour. The arrival of Welshman has already attracted the attention of enemy aircraft which approached the Island on reconnaissance twice, triggering first air raid alerts in three days.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 4 DECEMBER TO DAWN 5 DECEMBER 1942

Weather Fair to fine.

0740-1245 hrs Four Beaufighters 227 Squadron are airborne to act as escort for the approaching convoy (one returned early): no sightings.

1025-1041 hrs Air raid alert for ten ME 109s which cross the coast over the Grand Harbour area at a height of 25000 feet, apparently on reconnaissance. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne and see five unidentified aircraft making smoke trails north and south of Malta at 28000 feet. On sighting the Spitfires below them, the enemy raiders turn northwards for home.

1100 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa searches for the friendly convoy.

1400 hrs One Baltimore 69 Squadron searches in the Cape Bon area.

1440-1610 hrs One Beaufighter 227 Squadron is airborne to act as escort to the convoy: nothing sighted.

1452-1507 hrs Air raid alert for three ME 109s which approach the Island at 26000 feet and fly over Grand Harbour. Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Four Spitfires 185 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: they see the three ME 109s over Grand Harbour at 22000 feet. The enemy aircraft dive away over the coast to avoid combat.

1535-1630 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1600-1730 hrs; 1630-1750 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron at a time are airborne to act as escort to the convoy: no sightings.

Night One air raid alert: aircraft are identified as friendly.

Military casualties Flight Lieutenant Andrew Breakey, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR), 18 Squadron; Flying Officer Robert Curtis, RAF VR, 81 Squadron; Flight Sergeant Sidney Greene, RAF VR, 18 Squadron; Flight Sergeant Arthur Simpson, RAF VR, 18 Squadron; Sergeant Peter Turner, RAF VR, 81 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 4 DECEMBER 1942

HMS Porpoise arrives Malta (NWMA Malta)

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept HMS Welshman and P 35 in, and Porpoise out to head for refit in the UK via Gibraltar. Four MTBs arrived from Bone. Naval aircraft attacked shipping in the Zuara area. Two merchant ships were hit, one of which sank in three minutes; the other was left burning.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Wellington from LG 237; one Beaufighter from Souk El Arba; eight Hudsons, one DC 3 from El Adem; two Hudsons from Gibraltar. Departures One DC 3 to LG 224; one Hudson to Algiers; eight Hudsons to El Adem.

LUQA 0900 hrs Six sorties flown by photo-reconnaissance of 69 Squadron. 1930 hrs One Beaufighter 39 Squadron patrolled over Comiso aerodrome at 32000 feet: no enemy aircraft seen. 1700-2225 hrs Six Wellingtons 40 Squadron and four 104 Squadron bombed the docks at La Goulette, Tunis.

TA QALI 249 Squadron operating from RAF Qrendi. Air crew remain attached to Ta Qali for accommodation and rations only. 26 airmen arrived by air from Middle East.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT HMS Welshman arrived No 5 Dock approx 0830 hrs. Unloading commenced about 0915 hrs. Bn provided 200 Other Ranks alongside 100 Other Ranks Dorsets. Cargo was extremely difficult as it contained fifty 21” torpedoes among a miscellaneous cargo. The torpedoes were unloaded last so the whole operation was hampered. The ship was not cleared until 1900 hrs.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Working party provided for administrative and crater-filling duties at Hal Far: four 15 cwt lorries, two impressed lorries, two motor cycles, 16 Other Ranks.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Floriana Pink Dump and Attard White Dump marked out for reception of convoy cargoes.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS Personnel engaged on maintenance, refuelling, arming etc with RAF at Luqa aerodrome. 63 drivers engaged at motor transport sub-depot.

5 December 1942: The Siege of Malta is Lifted

OPERATION PORTCULLIS CONVOY ARRIVES UNMOLESTED

Convoys now have safe passage to Malta under Allied air protection (c) IWM A13678

At dawn today the four merchant ships Glenartney, Suffolk, Alcoa Prospector and Agwimonte, and the tanker Yorba Linda were safely in the shelter of Grand Harbour. Commanders of Operation Portcullis report that, in spite of being shadowed at various times during the voyage, they encountered no enemy attacks throughout the entire passage from Alexandria.

By 10 am the remaining ships of the convoy escort had entered Grand Harbour, bringing the number of warships and merchant vessels in the harbour to over 40.

Two of the merchant ships are being unloaded by Army personnel and two by civil labour, who are working with great enthusiasm. Approximately 3200 soldiers are employed on unloading and dispersing the cargoes to dumps. A further 1800 are assisting the RAF in maintenance of aircraft and airfields to ensure the protection of Malta’s air space and offensive ops during unloading. However, no attempt was made by the enemy to attack the ships in harbour, or even to approach the Island on reconnaissance during the day.

MALTA’S SUPPLY ROUTES SECURE

The arrival of a tanker with much-needed fuel relieves the concerns of military leaders. More importantly, the second delivery of food and general supplies in a matter of days brings the chance of a real increase in civilian rations. This should improve morale and help to stem the decline in the general health of the population which is giving real cause for concern. The inclusion of a few long absent luxuries among the essentials brought a smile to many faces.

The siege is over but much of Malta lies in ruins

Malta’s commanders are cautiously taking the unhampered passage of Operation Portcullis as an indication that future supplies can be carried through without significant risk. Since January 1941 two aircraft carriers, twenty warships and several submarines have been lost in attempts to supply the Island.

It has now been decided to run regular pairs of merchant ships for Malta alongside ordinary Western Desert Convoys to the Benghazi area, where surface forces from the Island will reinforce the escort for their final passage. The supply of Malta – almost impossible a month ago – is now all but secure. The siege is over.

SITUATION REPORT FOR WEEK ENDING 5 DECEMBER 1942

From: Governor & C in C Malta To: C in C Middle East Rept: The War Office

1. Enemy air: four daylight alerts for enemy fighters on reconnaissance.

2. Convoy of four merchant vessels and one tanker escorted by cruisers and destroyers arrived safely am 5 December. Unloading is proceeding well: 3200 Army personnel employed; a further 1800 on aerodromes.

3. Spitfire bombers successfully attacked aerodromes Comiso, Gela and Biscari. Spitfire close escort damaged one Macchi 200. Beaufighters on daylight offensive sweeps area Tunisia destroyed two Cant Z ‘06 and damaged two more at moorings. One Italian bomber, one transport damaged on the ground. One JU 88 destroyed; three transports, two fighters damaged in combat. Coaster 1100 tons, two destroyers, goods trains and lorries effectively shot up. Merchant vessel 1100 tons set on fire and abandoned. Two direct hits bombs causing violent explosion merchant vessel off Pantelleria.

Wellington bombers

By night approx 45 Wellington sorties docks Bizerta 23 sorties docks Tunisia. Also successful attacks Catania, Trapani, Comiso and Gerbini. Bombs dropped areas Ragusa, Augusta, Syracuse, Gela and Castel Vetrano. Beaufighters bombed railways Tunis and shot up trains. Reggio di Calabria attacked by two Beaufighters. Beauforts laid mines entrance Bizerta, Tunis and Palermo harbours. Albacores on shipping strikes sank two merchant vessels 5000 tons, blew up merchant vessel 3000 tons and set two other merchant vessels and a tanker on fire. Other results unobserved. Four destroyers Force K sank one enemy TBD.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 5 DECEMBER TO DAWN 6 DECEMBER 1942

Weather Cloudy.

No air raid alerts.

0620-0940 hrs Six aircraft 126 Squadron Luqa maintain a patrol for the arrival of a convoy.

0800-0915 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali on standing patrol: no sightings.

0845-1010 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far carry out shipping patrol: nothing seen.

1150-1310 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron on standing patrol over the Island: nothing seen.

1335-1510 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on standing patrol: no sightings.

1455-1550 hrs; 1630-1725 hrs Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron on standing patrols over the Island: nothing seen.

Military casualties Pilot Officer John MacDonald, Royal Australian Air Force; Sergeant Thomas Mincher, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 93 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 5 DECEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Hebe swept P 35 to sea. P 42 was swept in from patrol by HM 135. 1600 hrs HMS Welshman sailed for Alexandria with Paladin.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Halifax from UK; ten Hudsons from El Adem. Departures One DC 3 to El Adem; two Hudsons to Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Baltimore overshot aerodrome and crash landed due to engine failure: crew uninjured. One Wellington crashed into another aircraft while landing: crew uninjured.

HAL FAR 2100-0100 hrs Two Albacores 821 Squadron were despatched to bomb and illuminate for Beaufighters at Reggio di Calabria aerodrome. One Albacore returned early with rear cockpit trouble; the other arrived too late over the target to contact the Beaufighters but dropped its bombs on the new corner of the aerodrome.

LUQA Four sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires. 1400 hrs Two Beaufighters 89 Squadron were despatched to attack Reggio Calabria. One Beaufighter was slightly damaged by Ack Ack splinters: crew unhurt. Night One special Wellington carried out a shipping search in the Marittimo-Cavoli area: no sightings.

TA QALI One senior NCO and four airmen arrived by air from Middle East. 0955-1130 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol: no sightings. 1140-1425 hrs Three Beaufighters 272 Squadron on offensive reconnaissance: no sightings. 1345-1640 hrs Four Beaufighters 227 Squadron (one carrying bombs) on offensive reconnaissance attacked an enemy destroyer causing a small explosion and fire near the bridge.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT A convoy arrived at dawn. 1100 hrs The Bn began unloading the Glenartney at Hamilton Wharf in 3 shifts of 84 Other Ranks. The vessel is carrying 8000 tons of cargo. Unloading went well during the day.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT 6 Officers, 107 Other Ranks unloading M/V Alcoa Prospector.

Agwimonte

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY The Bn was detailed to provide: 3 Officers, 42 Other Ranks to report at 1000 hrs for traffic control; 5 fire-fighting parties of 1 Officer, 13 Other Ranks each, to live on board the merchant ships; 42 drivers, 6 vehicles, 3 Officers, 150 Other Ranks as general reserve. 2200 hrs Fire-fighting parties reported to allotted berths and went on board the following vessels: Alcoa Prospector, Glenartney, Agwimonte, Suffolk, Yorba Linda.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Arrival of convoy: Bn in position on Pink Dump in two shifts of 12 hours, day and night. Total employed 14 Officers, 200 Other Ranks on Dump plus 2 Officers, 51 Other Ranks on motor transport sub-depot.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS Personnel engaged on maintenance, refuelling, arming etc with RAF at Luqa aerodrome. 63 drivers engaged at motor transport sub-depot.

FORTRESS ROYAL ENGINEERS ENGINEERS Bomb Disposal UXB Reported 8. Dealt with: High Explosives 1 x 50kg; anti-personnel bombs 8.

All written content © maltagc70 unless otherwise attributed. For conditions of use contact bdmalta@btinternet.com

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Posted by maltagc70 on December 5, 2022 in 1942, December 1942, November 1942

Tags: 126 Squadron, 1435 Squadron, 185 Squadron, 227 Squadron, 229 Squadron, 249 Squadron, 272 Squadron, Agwimonte, Alcoa Prospector, bomb disposal, Convoy MW 14, Fleet Air Arm, Glenartney, Malta, Operation Portcullis, Royal Air Force, Royal Engineers, Suffolk, war diary, Welshman, World War 2, Yorba Linda

22-28 November 1942: Convoy Brings Only 3 Week Supply as Polio Strikes Malta

28 Nov

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22 November 1942: Malta Troops Stealth Mission to North Africa

ORDERS TO SAIL FOR ‘FRENCH PORT’

HMS Welshman

1^st Battalion Durham Light Infantry received orders today to make ready to move tomorrow. Carrying only fighting-scale equipment, the Battalion are to embark with Royal Engineers and seven detachments of Breda 49mm guns by Welshman and Manxman and one destroyer. Their destination is top secret, referred to only as ‘a certain port’.

The port in question – believed to be in North Africa – has a population of French, Italian and Maltese, and military planners hope that the British troops will receive a friendly reception. The plan is to land them from the destroyers’ lifeboats and skiffs instead of the usual military landing craft. The troops will then aim to persuade the French forces in the port to support the allies, and with their help hold the town until the Battalion could be joined by larger Allied forces advancing on land towards the area.

At 1015 hrs this morning the Commanding Officer of 1^st Bn Durham Light Infantry joined a conference at Fortress HQ with captains of the naval ships, Brigade command and Admiral i/c Malta, after which the Battalion’s Platoon Commanders were fully briefed. Early this evening the CO confirmed that the Battalion was to move in motor transport to the docks at 1230 hrs tomorrow. Parties were already at the docks and Ordnance Depots, loading up rations, stores and ammunition.

But at 2015 hrs a message was received from the HQ of 4 Brigade cancelling the entire operation. The reason is as yet unknown.

SUBMARINE DELIVERS THE GOODS

HMS Thrasher

HMS Thrasher arrived in Malta today from Beirut, carrying a cargo of aviation fuel [avgas] as well as stores and passengers. The submarine’s tanks had been modified to enable her to carry the maximum amount of avgas. HM Submarine Traveller, which has been similarly adapted and loaded, left Beirut the same day and is expected at Malta tomorrow. The deliveries will help reduce the shortage of the fuel on the Island and keep its air forces operational until a tanker can get through.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 22 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 23 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Showery.

No air raid alerts.

0610-0700 hrs Two Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far carry out an anti E-boat patrol off the coast of south east Sicily: nothing sighted. One Spitfire is hit by machine gunfire from a ME 109 and seen to dive into the sea five miles south west of Pachino, leaving no trace. F/O Maynard is killed.

0625-1715 hrs Twenty Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are airborne with other squadrons to provide a standing patrol over Malta: no enemy aircraft seen.

0625-0740 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali on patrol: no sightings.

0720-0825 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron patrol over Malta: nothing sighted.

0815-0930 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali on patrol: no sightings.

1100-1220 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on patrol: no sightings.

1200-1325 hrs; 1345-1450 hrs; 1440-1540 hrs Twelve sorties of Spitfires 185 Squadron: nothing sighted.

1500-1620 hrs Twelve Spitfires 229 Squadron are airborne to act as cover for Spitfire bombers but did not make contact.

1515-1615 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are airborne to act as cover for Spitfires and Beaufighters returning from operations: no sightings.

Military casualties Lance Corporal James Humphreys, 226 Provost Company, Corps of Military Police; Flying Officer Anthony Maynard, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 185 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Birkirkara Vincent Sciberras, age 44.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 22 NOVEMBER 1942

HMS Turbulent (L)

ROYAL NAVY Thrasher was swept in by Hebe, who then swept Turbulent to sea. Euryalus and ten Hunts sailed for Port Said.

AIR HQ A message from the Navy: “Thank you very much for your signal and for the support your fighters gave us. To have helped Malta in her gallant battle is a great honour.”

Arrivals Two Beauforts from Gambut; one Hudson from Gibraltar; four Wellingtons from LG 104. Departures One Liberator to LG 224; one Hudson to Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire crashed in enemy territory: pilot killed. One Beaufighter crash-landed on aerodrome: crew injured. One Beaufighter shot down by anti-aircraft fire: crew seen in dinghy.

LUQA 1200-1315 hrs Three Spitfire bombers 126 Squadron Luqa, escorted by eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron were dispatched to attack Comiso aerodrome: bombs were observed hitting the runway. No enemy aircraft were seen: all aircraft returned safely. A total of 10 Beaufighter sorties on reconnaissance patrols: one Cant Z 506B, two JU 88s and three SM 82s destroyed; one JU 90, one SM 82 damaged; one Beaufighter missing.

Night Eight Wellington sorties targeted Bizerta docks. Attacks were successful but hampered by rain and low cloud. Five special Wellingtons 69 Squadron carrying torpedoes were sent to attack a 5000 ton motor vessel. F/Lt Dokersley scored a direct hit amidships. Four Beaufighters were despatched on a low-flying attack on Palermo: one small fire was started. One Beaufighter is missing, two damaged.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Convoy unloading progressing well: all cargo should be discharged by Wednesday evening.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Bn continues unloading convoy. One Officer employed at Red Dump.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Convoy unloading proceeding satisfactorily. Relief party commences work at Pink Dump to give personnel 24 hours leave.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged on convoy duties with additional 6 Officers, 250 Other Ranks as Brigade reserve.

10^th Bn KINGS OWN MALTA REGIMENT Working parties at Pink Dump: A and HQ Coys.

FORTRESS ROYAL ENGINEERS BOMB DISPOSAL UXB reported 29 October-22 November 172.

23 November 1942: Operation Breastplate

The secret mission which was planned for today involving units from Durham Light Infantry and the Royal Engineers has been revealed as codename ‘Operation Breastplate’. The project is the brainchild of American military leaders who have requested help from Malta in securing the north-south coastal corridor in Tunisia as part of Operation Torch. The target port has been named as Sousse.

Lord Gort

Today Welshman was ordered to disembark the army guns, stores, and extra boats which had been loaded for the operation which was called off last night. It is believed that Malta’s Governor and Commander in Chief, Lord Gort, has come out against the plan, doubting its potential to succeed. He is understood to be concerned at the risk to the Malta-based forces, armed with minimum equipment and weakened by months of severely reduced rations. Lord Gort has counselled deferral, at least until a full convoy arrives and is unloaded safely in Malta, to strengthen the Island’s forces and replace resources taken up by Breastplate.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 23 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 24 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Cloudy; slight rain afternoon and evening.

No air raid alerts.

0625-0720 hrs; 0715-0820 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron, then four 249 Squadron Ta Qali on standing patrol over the Island: no sightings. Thick cloud at 6000 feet.

0900-1030 hrs Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa and four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne for reported incoming raiders which do not approach Malta.

1100-1150 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are airborne to act as cover for returning Spitfires.

1110-1150 hrs Eight sorties by Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far: nothing sighted.

1230-1335 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings. One Spitfire develops engine trouble at 6-7000 feet: pilot Sgt Wallace is heard over the radio saying he is bailing out.

1425-1355 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1445-1730 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron search for missing pilot: no sightings.

Military casualties Sergeant Thomas Catchpole, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR), 114 Squadron; Flight Lieutenant Carl Johnson, RAF VR, 227 Squadron; Flying Officer John Mathias, RAF VR, 114 Squadron; Flying Officer Douglas Truscott, RAF VR, 114 Squadron; Sergeant Thomas Wallace, RAF VR, 229 Squadron; Sergeant Ralph Webb, RAF, 227 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS MONDAY 23 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Speedy swept Traveller in from sea.

AIR HQ Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar; one DC 3, three Beauforts to LG 224. Aircraft casualties Four Beaufighters missing from operations: crews missing. One Beaufighter shot down by enemy: crew missing. One Swordfish crashed in sea due to engine failure: crew saved. One Spitfire crashed in sea: pilot missing.

LUQA Message received from AOC RAF Malta: “I am very grateful for the kind message of congratulations and thank all ranks Luqa for their loyal and enthusiastic support during the past five months.”

Heinkel HE 115

0701-1115 hrs Two sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron covering Messina, and harbours and aerodromes in Tunisia. Two sorties by Baltimores 69 Squadron for weather reconnaissance Tripoli. 0805-1230 hrs Four Beaufighters carried out a sweep in the Sousse-Sfax area: one HE 115, one Cant 506 destroyed; one schooner shot up. 1026-1200 hrs Three Beauforts 39 Squadron escorted by two Beaufighters were dispatched on practice bombing of Lampedusa: results not observed Light Ack Ack was encountered but all aircraft returned safely.

0100-0531 hrs Three special Wellingtons 69 Squadron on separate shipping search in Cape Bon-Bizerta area. A special torpedo-carrying Wellington on offensive reconnaissance for shipping in the waters between western Sicily and southern Sardinia found a small merchant vessel, leading two 5000 ton merchant vessels, 88 miles east of Capo Carbonara heading west. The Wellington made a successful torpedo attack on the leading vessel, scoring a hit amidships. The merchant vessel was later sunk by gunfire from one of Malta’s submarines.

TA QALI 0805-1230 hrs Four Beaufighters 272 Squadron on offensive sweep: Sgt Tucknell destroys one HE 115; F/O Coate destroys one Cant. Visibility poor over the sea with showers; clear over the Island.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT The night shift did extremely well, discharging well over 700 tons. Total cargo discharged to date (1700 hrs today): 4674 tons.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Convoy duties continue.

1^ST Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Re-organisation and re-issue of kit stored [in readiness for aborted mission]. Night Three Officers and 140 Other Ranks were detailed for a 12 hour shift and worked throughout the night unloading flour from lighters at the docks. One Sgt and six L/Cpls are reporting daily to the APM Valletta to assist the CMPs Valletta. One Officer and 50 Other Ranks standing by for crater filling at Qrendi.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Bn provided 8 Officers, 230 Other Ranks unloading M/V Robin Locksley. One Other Rank attached to 1^st Bn Cheshire Regt as extra Tally Clerk.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Convoy work confined to unloading and storing of air force and motor transport petrol.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged on convoy duties with additional 6 Officers, 250 Other Ranks as Brigade reserve.

10^th ACK ACK BRIGADE Operation Instruction issued modifying aerodrome barrages for Heavy Ack Ack gun lay-out and to keep runways free from shell splinters while still protecting them.

10^th Bn KINGS OWN MALTA REGIMENT Working parties at Pink Dump: A and HQ Coys.

24 November 1942: Malta Submarines ‘Torch’ Attacks Leave Axis Ships Ablaze

HMS Porpoise

Three submarines returned to Malta today after successful operations in support of Operation Torch. HMS Porpoise has just completed a short patrol in the Khoms–Misurata area. Five days ago she she torpedoed and sank a tanker which had been stopped by an aerial torpedo attack the previous day. At 1016 yesterday, off the Kerkennah Bank, Porpoise launched a gunfire attack on the 730 ton Italian naval auxiliary Giacomo. The vessel, which was carrying benzene, quickly caught fire and was abandoned. Enemy aircraft interrupted the operation before Porpoise could pick up more than two prisoners.

HMS P 211 (Safari) under Commander B Bryant, DSC returned to Malta from a very successful patrol off the East Tunisian coast in the Gulf of Sirte during which the submarine steamed a total of 2800 miles. At 1431 hrs on 13 November she gunned and sank the Italian auxiliary brigantine Bice five miles off Sousse. Only the Captain of the Bice was taken prisoner; he was found to be carrying secret papers, including the week’s recognition signals for Italian aircraft and minor war vessels. The brigantine’s remaining ten survivors were left in their boat and are said to have given P 211 an enthusiastic send off on her departure.

P 211 HMS Safari

Three days later P 211 torpedoed a 2500 ton merchant vessel at Ras el Ali anchorage. The merchantman blew up in a sheet of flame and was still burning twenty four hours later causing the anchorage to be shut down. At dawn next morning, P 211 fired a torpedo at a concentration of small vessels near the pier. The torpedo exploded at the landing place and an ammunition lighter blew up. The same evening the submarine torpedoed and sank a schooner in the south western corner of Marsa el Brega.

In the early morning of 18 November a small light vessel with no crew was sunk by gunfire from the submarine, 10 miles from Ras el Ali. Later that morning, P 211 gunned an enemy tank landing craft (LCT), silencing one of its guns and causing ammunition to explode. Then two days ago, at 1156 on 22 November, P 211 gunned another LCT two miles south of Ras el Sultan, scoring two hits. After ten minutes, the action was broken off, all ammunition having been expended.

P 247

HMS P 247 (Saracen) was also guided into Malta today, having followed Operation Torch with a patrol of the approaches to Tunis and Bizerta. At 1644 on the 5 November she torpedoed and sank an Italian Cobalto Class U boat at a range of 800 yards. Despite passing through much oil and wreckage; the submarine could find no survivors.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 24 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 25 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Showery; thunderstorms at night.

0645-0740 hrs Four Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa renewed the search for Sgt Wallace who bailed out yesterday. Nothing was seen of a dinghy or pilot.

0735-0845 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on a standing patrol to protect shipping in Grand Harbour: no enemy aircraft seen.

0735-1640 hrs Spitfires of 126 Squadron and other squadrons are airborne on a standing patrol over Grand Harbour: no enemy aircraft seen.

0745-0845 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron search for Sgt Wallace: no sightings.

0825-0930 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali on standing patrol: no sightings.

1115-1140 hrs Air raid alert for 15 ME 109s approaching the Island at a great height: a few cross the coast on a fighter sweep. Ack Ack fire pointer rounds: no claims. Two Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: they dive to attack a ME 109 but it gets away. Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are also scrambled and turn to chase ME 109s but are jumped by Macchi 202s: no combats. The remaining enemy raiders are driven off by Spitfires.

1300-1350 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali on standing patrol: no sightings.

1335-1440 hrs Four sorties of Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far: nothing sighted.

1440-1545 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are airborne to act as cover for returning Spitfires: no enemy aircraft sighted.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 24 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY P 211, P 247 and Porpoise were swept in by Hythe.

AIR HQ A total of 18 Wellington sorties: target Bizerta docks. Due to poor visibility, not all aircraft dropped bombs. Some bombs were seen to burst in the target area. Five torpedo-carrying Wellingtons on enemy shipping search: one merchant vessel was hit and seen to be down by the stern. Arrivals Two Hudsons from Gibraltar. Departures One Beaufighter, two Hudsons to Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Beaufighter failed to return from operations: crew missing.

HAL FAR 0910-1020 hrs; 0920-1045 hrs; 1145-1305 hrs 12 sorties of Spitfires 185 Squadron, including an intruder raid over Lampedusa and a fighter sweep of Comiso area: nothing seen.

Malta bombers attack Sicilian airfield (c) IWM MH8054

LUQA 0700-1635 hrs Four sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron covering harbours at Naples, Messina, Palermo and Cagliari. Night One special Wellington 69 Squadron despatched on shipping search in Cavoli-Marittimo area: nothing of importance to report.

TA QALI 0750-1155 hrs Four Beaufighters 272 Squadron carried out offensive reconnaissance of the Gulf of Tripoli: W/Cdr Buchanan destroyed one JU 52 and at least ten khaki-clad figures were seen in the water. 1300-1605 hrs Three Beaufighters 272 Squadron carried out an offensive sweep: F/O Coate destroyed one BV 222 and damaged one DO 24. 1420-1525 hrs Seven Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali carried out a bombing sweep of Gela aerodrome. Bad weather prevents all but one of the Spitfires from releasing bombs on target. Explosions are not seen due to heavy cloud at 5000 feet.

Night Five Beaufighters carrying bombs attacked docks at Palermo. Only one aircraft located the target due to bad weather: no results observed. One aircraft is missing. Four Beauforts made two sorties and laid mines in enemy waters.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Great difficulty is being experienced unloading the 100 Octane petrol. The fumes are very bad and men can only work for a short time in the hold.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Convoy duties continue.

1^ST Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY 42 drivers reported to sub-depots for convoy duties. A detail of 40 men were sent to Brown Dump for a 12 hour shift and afterwards 20 were maintained there by D Company as unloading party till 1200 hrs on 26^th.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT 10 Officers, 232 Other Ranks unloading M/V Robin Locksley.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT All dumps still reduced in activity as priority given to unloading of petrol from convoy. Commodities from dumps being removed to RASC and civilian stores.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged on convoy duties with additional 6 Officers, 250 Other Ranks as Brigade reserve.

10^th Bn KINGS OWN MALTA REGIMENT Working parties at Pink Dump: A and HQ Coys.

25 November 1942: British and US Military Chiefs Meet in Malta

Air Chief Marshal A W Tedder, KCB, two American Generals P W Timberlake and L H Brereton of the US Army Middle East Air Force, and the DMI Middle East Brigadier Airey arrived in Malta today en route for Algiers. Air Officer Commanding Malta, Air Vice-Marshal Park, will be leaving with them early tomorrow morning for a one-day conference.

HMS Utmost

At noon today the Italian Press claimed the destruction of a British submarine. It is believed Utmost was spotted in moonlight while still on the surface by patrolling Italian shipping. Her sinking has been claimed by the Italian torpedo boat Groppo, which located the submarine below the surface early this morning heading towards Malta, and launched depth charges. There were no survivors.

Lieutenant Coombe had only recently taken command of Utmost, which destroyed almost 70000 tons of shipping under its previous Commanding Officer, Lieutenant Commander R D Cayley, DSO, DSC, RN.

Utmost crew celebrate former success (c) IWM

WAR OFFICE CHECKS STATE OF MALTA RATIONS AFTER STONEAGE CONVOY

From: The War Office To: Commander Malta

Cable firstly daily ration scales civil and military immediately prior arrival Stoneage. Secondly amendments proposed as a result of increased stocks.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 25 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 26 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Mainly fair; showers in the evening.

0625-0700 hrs Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are airborne for protection of an incoming convoy: no enemy aircraft seen.

0700-0815 hrs Six Spitfires 229 Squadron on standing patrol: no sightings.

0800-1650 hrs 22 Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa and other squadrons are airborne to maintain a standing patrol over Malta: no enemy aircraft seen.

1055-1113 hrs Air raid alert for a number of enemy fighters approaching the Island. Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and see about 15 raiders. One of the Spitfires does not return: F/Lt Burgess is reported missing. Four Spitfires of 229 and 249 Squadrons are also scrambled. Spitfires of 249 Squadron dive from 29000 feet and damage one ME 109. None of the enemy aircraft cross the coast.

1405-1520 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron carry out a diversionary sweep: they see five Macchi 202 fighters but cannot engage.

1500-1600 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron on standing patrol over the Island. One crash landed with undercarriage trouble: pilot unhurt.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 25 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY The Vice Admiral, Malta, reported that the unloading of the four merchant ships of Stoneage had been completed. MLC 511 carried out exercises with the Army in Comino Channel. Rye swept P 212 in from the sea. Hythe swept Thrasher out: she sailed for Gibraltar and thence for refit in the UK. Manxman sailed for Algiers, for minelaying operations under the orders of the Naval Commander, Expeditionary Force.

Fortress B17E

AIR HQ 17 Spitfires (9 carrying bombs) attacked Gela aerodrome: explosions were seen in dispersal areas and among buildings. Arrivals One Fortress from Heliopolis; fifteen Beaufighters from Gambut; eleven Wellingtons from Shallufa via Gambut. Departures Five Beauforts to ECDU. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire failed to return from operations: pilot missing.

HAL FAR 1035-1140 hrs Eight sorties of Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far for attack on Gela aerodrome – four with bombs and four to act as close escort: one hit recorded.

LUQA Four sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron. 0055-0259 hrs Eight Wellingtons made an attack on Tunis docks. Flares and bombs were dropped and a large fire started which was reported to be burning furiously.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Only five gangs required to work today. The job should be finished by the night shif. The difficulty unloading 100 Octane petrol is slowing up proceedings.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT 0800 hrs Working party unloading SS Robin Locksley completed duties. Other convoy duties continue.

1^ST Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY One Sergeant and 27 Other Ranks detailed to brown dump for guard duties.

SS Robin Locksley

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Bn provided 10 Officers, 232 Other Ranks unloading M/V Robin Locksley. 1600 hrs Unloading completed: 7351 tons unloaded in 127 hours.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged on convoy duties with additional 6 Officers, 250 Other Ranks as Brigade reserve.

10^th Bn KINGS OWN MALTA REGIMENT Working parties at Pink Dump: A and HQ Coys.

26 November 1942: Convoy Supplies Enough For Three Weeks

MALTA STILL UNDER SIEGE

The unloading of last Friday’s convoy MW 12 and distribution of stores to safe keeping was completed today, bringing some relief to the besieged Island of Malta. The first priority was to supply sufficient aviation spirit for aircraft to continue defensive and offensive operations, and that has been achieved.

HMS Clyde

Fuel stocks are now greatly improved compared to the beginning of November when supplies were at a very low ebb. Interim deliveries of aviation fuel by submarines Clyde, Parthian, Traveller and Thrasher from Beirut provided just enough for Malta’s fighters to stay airborne and protect the Allied convoy from the east.

The next urgent requirement for Malta is food. The Island’s siege rations are currently expected to be exhausted by the middle of December. Manxman’s delivery of 300 tons of concentrated foodstuffs helped to relieve a critical situation before the convoy arrived. But even with the safe stockpiling of cargoes from Robin Locksley, Denbighshire, Mormacmoon and Bantam, only a small increase in rations is possible. Further significant supplies will be needed before Malta’s population can be properly fed.

Operation Stoneage has proved that passage to Malta through the Mediterranean is still not without risk. Enemy aircraft managed to launch attacks, one causing serious damage the cruiser Arethusa, with the loss of 159 men. Malta’s air forces are now better placed to keep the Mediterranean open for future convoys. But until safe passage can be secured, Malta remains under siege.

Merchant ship Denbighshire

CARGO SHIP BLAZE

A fire broke out at 1.45 this afternoon on board Denbighshire in Grand Harbour. The blaze is believed to have started when petrol fumes ignited in the empty No 2 Hold. All available ship’s fire-fighting equipment was immediately brought into use, assisted by shore appliances. The fire was brought under control by 4.30 pm but not before it had caused extensive damage.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 26 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 27 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Heavy rain mid-morning, becoming fair.

0655-1515 hrs 12 Spitfires 126 Squadron and 1435 Squadron Luqa patrol the Island protecting shipping in Grand Harbour.

1000-1020 hrs Two Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled to intercept approaching unidentified aircraft: plot proves to be friendly.

1125-1205 hrs Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron are scrambled to intercept a reported enemy raid which does not approach Malta.

2310-2320 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft identified as friendly.

0326-0624 hrs One Albacore searches for the crew of a missing Wellington: nothing sighted.

0510 hrs Three Baltimores were despatched to try and locate friendly naval units and to search for the Wellington’s dinghy.

Military casualties Flying Officer Kenneth Cope, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR), 104 Squadron; Flying Officer Royston Giles, RAF VR, 225 Squadron; Pilot Officer William Goulding, RAF VR, 242 Squadron; Sergeant Joseph Watling, RAF VR, 242 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Birkirkara Mary Tonna, age 60.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 26 NOVEMBER 1942

P 45 enters Grand Harbour

ROYAL NAVY P 45 and P 48 sailed, swept out by Speedy.

AIR HQ 0757-1305 hrs Six Beaufighters carried out offensive sweeps in the Gulf of Tripoli: one JU 52 destroyed and a schooner shot up. One Beaufighter was damaged. Night Considerable enemy shipping was again active between Sicily and Tunisia. Two Wellingtons and five Beauforts were out but the weather was very unfavourable and although three torpedoes were dropped no hits were observed. Bad weather prevented operations over Tunisi; Gerbini was targeted instead. A total of 12 Wellingtons attacked Gerbini aerodrome: many hits on the target area causing one fire. Photographs show many craters on the landing area, including one made by a 4000 lb bomb on the edge of the runway.

Arrivals One Hudson from Gibraltar; two Wellingtons from LG 104. Departures One Fortress, six Beaufighters to Algiers; one Wellington to LG 104. Aircraft casualties One Baltimore struck a vehicle on landing: crew uninjured. One Wellington failed to return from operations: crew missing.

LUQA Five sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron covering harbours in Italy and Sicily. 1945-2328 hrs Five Wellingtons 104 Squadron were despatched to attack Gerbini aerodrome. Bombs were dropped and fires started in the north west corner of the aerodrome. All aircraft returned safely. 2110-2230 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron on patrol over Sicily arbited to the south of Catania observing fires on Gerbini aerodrome at 2130 hrs and a large explosion in the centre of the airfield. Accurate heavy Ack Ack was encountered.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Unloading finished by 0800 hrs this morning. 30 men clearing up the ships, which took all day.

Mormacmoon in New York

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT 1745 hrs Party employed unloading SS Mormacmoon completed duties. Other convoy duties continue.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Activity at dumps slackening. Foodstuffs being cleared from dump to RASC stores.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged on convoy duties with additional 6 Officers, 250 Other Ranks as Brigade reserve.

10^th Bn KINGS OWN MALTA REGIMENT Working parties at Pink Dump: A and HQ Coys.

24 FORTRESS COMPANY ROYAL ENGINEERS Lt Johnson and 35 Other Ranks proceeded to Qrendi for work on fighter pens.

27 November 1942: Polio Outbreak in Malta

Army medical services have reported an outbreak of poliomyelitis in Malta. The highly infectious virus was diagnosed today in a serviceman in one of the Island’s military hospitals. The diagnosis confirms suspicions of at least two other cases since 15 November, including one on Gozo. Malta has just one iron lung, the apparatus used to assist patients with the severe respiratory difficulties caused by the disease.

Polio has been identified in Malta before but the number of cases has never reached epidemic proportions. However, there are particular concerns with the present outbreak, with the increased risk of spread between civilians crowded into air raid shelters and temporary accommodation.

FORCE K ARRIVES

HMS Cleopatra

Force K steamed into Grand Harbour this afternoon, under the protection of Malta Spitfires. Under Rear Admiral Commanding, Fifteenth Cruiser Squadron – three cruisers Cleopatra, Dido and Euryalus, with Fleet destroyers Jervis, Javelin, Kelvin and Nubian – experienced no air attacks during their passage from Alexandria to Malta. Grand Harbour is now full of ships – a sight the Islanders have not witnessed for many months.

In view of Force K’s safe passage it has been decided to send Motor Torpedo Boats to Malta as soon as the weather allows. They will be moved to Benghazi as soon as possible, to be ready at short notice to make the crossing. In the meantime, two MTBs will remain at Ras el Hillal to act as a striking force against any enemy shipping attempting to reach Tripoli by the Eastern Route.

Motor Torpedo Boats at Manoel (c) IWM A14545

AIR RAIDS DAWN 27 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 28 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Slight showers morning, otherwise fair.

0615-1010 hrs Four Beaufighters 227 Squadron Ta Qali airborne to act as escort to naval units: visibility good – no sightings.

0634-0810 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far continue search for crew of missing Wellington: nothing found.

0750-0905 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali on search: nothing sighted.

1030-1150 hrs; 1115-1225 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron, then four Spitfires 185 Squadron are airborne to act as escort for HM ships.

1145-1240 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron on escort patrol, followed by standing patrol over the harbour.

1355-1455 hrs Spitfires 1435 Squadron and 126 Squadron Luqa are airborne with four of 229 Squadron to act as escort to an outgoing naval unit: no enemy aircraft seen.

1355-1500 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are airborne to act as escort to a minelayer: nothing sighted.

1430 hrs Three cruisers and four destroyers arrive in Grand Harbour as Force K, under the command of Rear Admiral Power. Four Spitfires, ten long-range Spitfires and twenty-five short-range Spitfires provided continuous protection for the convoy for the last 75 miles of its voyage to Malta.

1435-1550 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on standing patrol: no sightings.

1520-1705 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are airborne to act as escort to naval units: no sightings.

1632-1657 hrs Air raid alert for enemy aircraft which approach to within 10 miles north west of Gozo. Four Spitfires 185 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and patrol between 2500 and 10000 feet: the raiders turn back before reaching Malta.

1652-1657 hrs Air raid alert for several enemy aircraft which approach to within ten miles north east of Gozo.

2051-2012 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft identified as friendly.

Military casualties Flying Officer William Guilfoyle, RAF VR, 93 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 27 NOVEMBER 1942

HMS Upholder

ROYAL NAVY P 37 sailed, swept out by Speedy. Manxman sailed for Alexandria en route to Haifa. HMS Welshman was sailed for Alexandria and Haifa to collect submarine torpedoes which are urgently required.

AIR HQ Arrivals Three Beaufighters from LG 104; one Hudson from Gibraltar; one Wellington from LG 109; one Wellington from LG 224. Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar.

LUQA 14 Officers, 25 Senior NCOs and 134 Other Ranks 227 Squadron arrived for operations. 0600-1700 hrs Five sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron covering harbours of Italy and Sicily. 1916-2358 hrs Six Beauforts 39 Squadron were despatched to lay mines in the approaches to Bizerta harbour: all returned safely. 14 Wellingtons 40 and 104 Squadrons were despatched to attack the docks at Bizerta. Bombs were dropped from 4000-6000 feet and a good-sized fire started in the area of the iron ore wharf. Night One Beaufort found a convoy of three merchant vessels and one destroyer, 37 miles west of Marittimo. A torpedo was aimed at one merchant vessel but a heavy sea mist made it impossible to see the results.

TA QALI 0950-1435 hrs Four Beaufighters 272 Squadron carried out an offensive sweep between Zarzis and Cape Bon: W/Cdr Buchanan destroyed one JU 88 and damaged one ME 110. Visibility good.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Broken Case Store Party completed duties. Other unloading duties continue.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged on convoy duties with additional 6 Officers, 250 Other Ranks as Brigade reserve.

28 November 1942: Breastplate Back On

40mm Bofors anti-aircraft gun and crew Malta 12 May 1942 (IWM)

The special mission by Malta troops to Sousse in French North Africa was reinstated today, as units were ordered to prepare for embarkation. All guards and working parties of 1^st Bn Durham Light Infantry have been on 8 hours’ notice of departure since yesterday and are busy packing the minimum kit allowed for the journey.

The embarkation force will now include one troop of Field Gunners, one of Bofors Gunners, one detachment each of Royal Engineers and Royal Army Service Corps, another of the Royal Army Pay Corps, and Commandos. The mission plans have also been amended to include several transport vehicles. All stores, vehicles and kit bags are to be loaded onto the M/V Melbourne Star by 0300 hrs, leaving only the Army personnel, ammunition and seven days’ rations to be added immediately before departure.

TOP SECRET TELEGRAM

From: Governor (Gen Viscount Gort) To: Secretary of State for the Colonies

1. During the month ended 20^th November there were 59 alerts: 45 by day and 14 by night. 33 bombing raids: 28 by day and 5 by night. 33 people were killed (12 men, 11 women, 10 children). 16 were seriously injured (7 men, 2 women, 7 children). 29 buildings were seriously damaged.

2. The breaking up by the RAF of what threatened to be a serious aerial bombardment in the last 10 days of October, the news from North Africa, and the arrival of a convoy of four ships including two United States vessels and one Netherlands on the last day of the period under review, added buoyancy to an already high morale. The public is proud that Malta is hitting back and bearing a part in the stirring events of this new phase of the war.

3. His Majesty’s Government’s gift of £10,000,000 [to Malta] is widely appreciated and acclaimed.

MALTA SPY HANGED

Carmelo Borg Pisani, convicted of crimes against the Government and sentenced on 19 November, was hanged early this morning at Corradino Civil Prison. He had appealed unsuccessfully for clemency.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 28 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 29 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Slight showers morning, becoming fair to cloudy.

0730-0820 hrs Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are airborne to fly south of Comiso, searching for signs of the Spitfire of F/Lt Burgess, missing since 25 November: no wreckage is seen.

1305 hrs Four Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are airborne to cover the return of 185 Squadron from attacking Gela aerodrome.

1415-1500 hrs Two Spitfires 185 Squadron search for a missing Spitfire: nothing seen.

1430 hrs An anti-personnel mine explodes near Dock 3 badly injuring a Maltese civilian, whose leg is blown off.

Night One Beaufighter 89 Squadron is airborne on intercept patrol over the Island: no enemy aircraft seen.

Military casualties Warrant Officer Class II George Edwards, Royal Canadian Air Force, 249 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 28 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY HMS Thunderbolt arrived at Malta to join the Tenth Submarine Flotilla for Special Operations. She had sailed from the United Kingdom direct to Malta, making the passage in eighteen days. Thunderbolt was swept in by Rye, who subsequently swept P 43 and Traveller to sea.

Axis aircraft on Gela aerodrome

AIR HQ A total of 22 Spitfires including eight carrying bombs attacked Gela and Comiso aerodromes: bombs were dropped on the dispersal areas. The escorting fighters damaged two JU 52s. Two Beaufighters on a sweep along the Tunisian coast from Sousse to Zuara destroyed one CR 42. Other Beaufighters on various patrols destroyed two SM 79s. One JU 52 was destroyed on the ground and various targets shot up. Two Wellingtons bombed the docks at Tunis as a diversion during a mining operation carried out by Beauforts.

Arrivals Two DC 3 from El Adem; one Liberator from LG 224. Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar; two Wellingtons to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire crashed in the sea: pilot missing. One Beaufighter failed to return from operations: crew missing.

HAL FAR 1105-1230 hrs 12 Spitfires 185 Squadron, four carrying bombs, attacked Gela aerodrome. Explosions were seen in the south eastern dispersal area. Sgt Houlton sighted a formation of nine JU 52s just off the coast of Sicily and damaged two of them. 1800-2235 hrs One Swordfish and three Albacores RNAS searched for shipping in the Straits of Messina: mission abortive.

LUQA 0630-1640 hrs Five sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron covering harbours and aerodromes in Sicily and Italy. Three Baltimores 69 Squadron carried out weather reconnaissance. 2145 hrs Eight Beauforts 39 Squadron were despatched to lay mines in the entrance of Tunis harbour: all aircraft returned safely. Eleven Wellingtons 104 and 40 Squadrons were despatched to attack Bizerta docks in two waves: bombs were seen to burst well within the target area.

Baltimore serviced at Luqa (c) IWM GM1027

Night A photo-reconnaissance Spitfire having sighted a convoy consisting of one 4-5000 ton tanker and one 4-5000 ton merchant vessel rounding Cape Spartivento westwards, two torpedo-carrying Wellingtons were despatched to attack. One Wellington found and attacked the convoy five miles north of Capo Orlando, in a heavy rainstorm, but the torpedo appeared to run astern of the target.

TA QALI 0635-1050 hrs Two Beaufighters 227 Squadron despatched on operation to bomb shipping in the Sicilian channel: F/Lt Schmidt destroyed one CR 42. 1005-1415 hrs; 1400-1630 hrs Two Beaufighters 227 Squadron at a time on offensive sweep: nothing sighted. 1300-1650 hrs Two Beaufighters 272 Squadron on bombing mission and offensive sweep: F/Lt Rankin damages one SM 79.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Working party 1 Officer, 25 Other Ranks C Coy and 25 A Coy required to clear part of Floriana Parade Ground to make a dump for goods from the convoy. Task will last about 5 days.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Convoy duties continue. 1 NCO, 4 men with mobile Breda gun attached to 1^st Bn Durham Light Infantry.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Breda gun and crew from GP6 report to 1^st Bn Durham Light Infantry at Cammerata Barracks. Dumps given order to close down as soon as clear of all goods (completed 1715 hrs): personnel return to Coy lines. Motor-transport sub-depot Gzira party remain in position. Guard remaining on Brown Dump (petrol).

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged at sub-depot.

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Posted by maltagc70 on November 28, 2022 in 1942, November 1942

Tags: 1435 Squadron, 185 Squadron, 227 Squadron, 229 Squadron, 249 Squadron, 272 Squadron, 39 Squadron, 69 Squadron, Bice, Denbighshire, Durham Light Infantry, Force K, Malta, Operation Breastplate, P 211, P 247, polio, Porpoise, Royal Engineers, Utmost, war diary, World War 2

15-21 November 1942: Five Ships Bring Food and Fuel for Malta

21 Nov

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15 November 1942: 700 Allied PoWs Die in British Sub Attack

SS Scillin

At 2 o’clock this afternoon 27 recovered British prisoners of war and some 46 Italian prisoners were landed in Malta from HM Submarine Sahib (P 212). They are the only survivors from the torpedoed Italian merchant ship SS Scillin.

Scillin was carrying 814 Allied prisoners of war and over 200 Italian troops when she embarked from Tripoli on Friday. Sahib was on patrol in the area, intercepting supply convoys and troop transports in support of the Axis campaign in North Africa. Just before nine o’clock yesterday evening a Malta-based reconnaissance aircraft alerted her to the presence of a merchant ship. The submarine’s monitors soon detected the vessel off the Tunisian coast and its commander Lt John Bromage, with no knowledge of the ship’s passengers, ordered the attack.

HMS Sahib (P 212)

HMS Sahib struck the merchant ship with a single torpedo. The missile hit the Scillin’s engine room and the ship sank in less than a minute. It was only when the submarine’s crew heard survivors in the water speaking English that the full implications of the sinking were realised. They responded quickly and within 35 minutes had rescued 27 Allied prisoners of war (26 British and one South African), plus 46 members of the Scillin’s Italian crew including the captain.

An Italian warship then approached and Sahib was forced to withdraw, abandoning the rescue and leaving another ten men in the water. According to survivors, the British prisoners were in very poor condition due to lack of food and medical treatment. Sahib’s torpedo blew out the bottom of the hold in which the British PoWs had been penned, and they died instantly.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 15 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 16 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather 100% cloud; rain.

0740-0855 hrs 1435 Squadron Luqa carry out a reconnaissance patrol between Linosa and Lampedusa: no enemy aircraft are sighted.

0820-0845 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali on intercept patrol: no sightings.

0821-0835 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft turned out to be friendly.

0935-1055 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far patrol to Lampedusa and Linosa: no enemy aircraft or anti-aircraft fire encountered.

1450-1530 hrs Two Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far search for missing delivery Beaufighters. Weather conditions are very bad and they find nothing.

1510-1540 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron search for the delivery Beaufighters. Visibility is nil, with cloud down to 500 feet, and nothing is found. One Spitfire does not return: Sgt Roberts is missing.

1620-1640 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa is sent to search for missing delivery Beaufighters has to return due to the adverse weather.

Military casualties Flying Officer Henry Atkinson, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR), 500 Squadron; Pilot Officer James Diack, RAF VR, 81 Squadron; Flying Officer Francis Jemmett, Royal Canadian Air Force, 69 Squadron; Flight Sergeant Cyril Prior, RAF VR, 500 Squadron; Sergeant John Roberts, RAF VR, 249 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 15 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Hebe swept P 212 in. P 42 sailed for patrol, swept out by Speedy.

AIR HQ Five sorties were flown by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron covering the harbours and aerodromes of Sicily. Departures Two Liberators, four Hudsons to Gibraltar; one Beaufighter to Abusuier. Aircraft casualties Two Spitfires on reconnaissance failed to return: pilots missing. One Spitfire shot down in the sea: pilot missing. Three Beaufighters missing in transit between EDCU and Malta.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY A Company took over Tal Virtu observation post and coast patrol.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT 11^th-15^th November the Battalion has found one Officer and 50 Other Ranks as crater-filling party on Hal Far aerodrome. Working party also at Zabbar sub-depot: four 15 cwt and four impressed lorries; 16 Other Ranks manning trucks for convoy transport work.

16 November 1942: Convoy Embarks For Malta

Message from AOC Malta to Admiral Cunningham: “We are delighted to be able to assist your expedition from the west as well as the expedition from the east.”

The first convoy to Malta since Operation Pedestal (Santa Marija) in August sailed this morning. The embarkation of a convoy from the eastern Mediterranean has been made possible by the Allied Army advance following the Battle of El Alamein.

Merchant ship Denbighshire

After a delay of 24 hours pending Allied occupation of the Gambut airfields, convoy MW 13 – codenamed Operation Stoneage – sailed from Suez and passed through the Canal to arrive at Port Said by dusk, proceeding straight to sea. The convoy is made up of four merchant ships, the 9000 ton Dutch ship Bantam, the British 8000 ton Denbighshire and two American ships: the 8000 ton Mormacmoon and 7000 ton Robin Locksley. The cruiser Euryalus and sevendestroyers are escorting them to the approaches to Alexandria.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 16 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 17 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Much heavy rain, especially early, and low cloud; visibility nil.

Night One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa patrols north of the Island at 10000 feet: no enemy aircraft seen.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS MONDAY 16 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY P 46 and P 212 were swept out by Rye.

AIR HQ Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar.

HAL FAR Heavy rain rendered the aerodrome unserviceable.

LUQA No operations due to bad weather.

TA QALI Aerodrome unserviceable: no operations.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT 300 men standing by to unload HMS Welshman. Stood down about 1000 hrs: ship due to arrive tomorrow.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT 1300 hrs Party of 300 Officers and men standing by for convoy duties. 1330 hrs Party stood down.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Bn found one Officer and 25 men as crater-filling party on Hal Far aerodrome. Working party also at Zabbar sub-depot: four 15 cwt and four impressed lorries; 16 Other Ranks manning trucks for convoy transport work.

2nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Heavy rainfall all day stopped air activity.

24 FORTRESS COMPANY ROYAL ENGINEERS The following attachments from Malta Section took place leaving all British personnel at Bahar-ic-cahaq with the exception of 1 NCO and 10 sappers (Maltese). 10 Other Ranks attached to BD section. 16 Other Ranks attached to 173 Tunnelling Coy RE, 5 Other Ranks transferred.

17 November 1942: Army on Standby to Unload Convoy

Message to AOC Western Desert: “All ranks RAF Malta send heartiest congratulations to RAF Western desert and 8^th Army on their brilliant victory over Axis forces. We are most grateful for your opening of our supply line from the east.”

OPERATION STONEAGE SHIPS REACH ALEXANDRIA

HMS Euryalus

Convoy MW 13 and close escort arrived off Alexandria early today, where the accompanying Fleet destroyers were relieved by Hunt class ships of the 5th Flotilla. Led by the cruiser Euryalus, HMS Aldenham, Beaufort, Belvoir, Croome, Dulverton, Exmoor, Hurworth, Hursley, Tetcott and the Greek Pindos departed for Malta with the four merchant ships at 15 knots at 0700 hours.

The Rear Admiral Commanding, Fifteenth Cruiser Squadron in Cleopatra, with Dido, Arethusa, Orion and the Twelfth and Fourteen Destroyer Flotillas, were sailed at 1330 hours, with the aim of reaching the convoy at daylight tomorrow.

SUBMARINE ‘CLUB RUNS’ TO END

In view of the improved situation in the Mediterranean, submarines of the 1st Flotilla are to discontinue carrying petrol and stores to Malta.

MALTA MONEY PROBLEMS

Currency in Malta is about to be ‘defaced’ to cover an acute shortage of one shilling coins on the Island. It has been decided that one shilling notes are urgently needed but supply of the currency from England is currently impossible. In an emergency measure, it has been decided to overprint old stocks of unused two shilling notes on both sides as ‘1 shilling’. These were originally printed in London and held in stock in Malta but never used.

The newly amended notes have been issued today and immediately become legal tender. They will remain in circulation until new one shilling notes can be printed in London and shipped to Malta. (1)

MALTA JOINT OPS SHOW FORCE

Malta air forces launched a joint operation this evening against an enemy tanker heading for North Africa. The 10,000 ton tanker escorted by two destroyers was located 46 miles from Homs. One special Wellington 69 Squadron was despatched with two Albacores of the Fleet Air Arm to attack. They located the convoy at 2155 hours and the Weelington dropped three flares. The Albacores then attacked from port and starboard with two torpedoes, each of which scored a hit amidships, causing terrific explosions. The tanker was set ablaze from stem to stern, the fire visible 80 miles away. The vessel then keeled over and sank. All the Malta aircraft returned safely to base.

TRIPOLI TARGET

Reconnaissance photographs taken today show that Tripoli has resumed its former importance as Rommel’s main port of entry for supplies to Libya, following the loss of Benghazi to the Allies. All available quays and jetties at Tripoli are occupied by merchant vessels or F boats unloading supplies.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 17 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 18 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Thunderstorms in the morning, becoming showery to fair.

0650-0810 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali carry out a patrol from Linosa to Lampedusa: no sightings.

0700-0740 hrs Two Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa fly 13 miles north of St Paul’s Bay on a search but have to return early due to adverse weather conditions.

1915-2035 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa patrols over Comiso aerodrome, Sicily. Pilot F/O Kinmouth shoots down one JU 88 which crashes in flames and damages another.

2308-2327 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft prove to be friendly.

Military casualties Flying Officer Eric Clegg, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR), 18 Squadron; Sergeant Harold Goggin, Royal New Zealand Air Force, 253 Squadron; Flying Officer Charles Kaye, RAF VR, 18 Squadron; Sergeant Jack Walder, RAF VR, 18 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 17 NOVEMBER 1942

Ancient transporting troops in Malta, March 1942 (c) IWM A7331

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept Utmost to sea. The tug Ancient which was damaged and sunk during the heavy air attacks in April 1942 was salvaged and taken in hand for refit.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Baltimore from LG 227; nine Beaufighters from Gambut; one Liberator, one Hudson from Gibraltar.

LUQA 69 Squadron Photo-reconnaissance: seven sorties covering harbours and aerodromes in Italy and Sicily. 2050-2150 hrs Seven Wellingtons (two 40 Squadron, five 104 Squadron) were despatched to attack El Aouina aerodrome: a fire was started near one hangar. 0330-0425 hrs Five Wellingtons attacked El Aouina: results not observed due to weather.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Bn found one Officer and 25 men as crater-filling party on Hal Far aerodrome: working party cancelled at the end of the day. Working party at Zabbar sub-depot: four 15 cwt and four impressed lorries; 16 Other Ranks manning trucks for convoy transport work.

2nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Dumps and sub-depot on four days’ readiness.

18 November 1942: Convoy Attacked – 159 Killed

The Operation Stoneage convoy was attacked today by German torpedo-bombers. HMS Arethusa was hit with the loss of 159 men. (CASUALTY LIST)

HMS Cleopatra

The first enemy attack came mid-morning, some four hours after the full convoy had assembled. Cruisers HMS Cleopatra, Orion, Arethusa and Dido with seven Fleet destroyers joined convoy MW 13 and close escort at dawn. Single engined fighters from Matruba and Beaufighters from Gambut were dispatched to provide fighter protection throughout the day.

At 1110 hours the convoy was attacked by six JU 88s: one aircraft was seen to crash and no damage was caused. Five hours later 26 JU 52s escorted by two fighters were seen passing ahead of the convoy heading northeast. Four of the Allied aircraft attacked the raiders and each claimed to have damaged one.

Once the attack had subsided the Fifteenth Cruiser Squadron and Fleet Destroyers parted company in order to cover the convoy north towards Malta.

Damage to Arethusa

Minutes later an explosion was heard and convoy command received a signal: Arethusa had been hit. Taking advantage of the failing light, torpedo bombers had launched another attack and the cruiser had been struck amidships by an aircraft torpedo, killing 159 members of the crew. The ship was badly damaged and turned back for Alexandria, escorted by Petard.

Two more torpedo bombers attacked the convoy during the evening. The second is believed probably destroyed by anti-aircraft fire from the American merchantman Robin Locksley.

WELSHMAN DOCKS WITH SUPPLIES – UNLOADED IN RECORD TIME

The fast minelayer HMS Welshman arrived in Grand Harbour from Algiers at 0920 hours this morning, having been delayed in the eastern Mediterranean by the recent bad weather. Under the codename Operation Analyst, Welshman has brought 110 tons of powdered milk, 25 tons of dried beans, 25 tons of dried peas, 110 tons of corned beef and fifteen 18″ aerial torpedoes, as well as 13 officers, 50 RAF airmen and 50 REME Other Ranks.

The food cargo was unloaded in 4 hours 5 minutes, Welshman’s fastest ever emptying in Malta, and second fastest ever. The Governor and Commander in Chief Viscount Gort sent a personal message to 1^st Bn Cheshire Regiment: “Congratulations on good work on unloading HMS Welshman.”

HMS Welshman is to be retained at Malta to be used for an operation to land troops in the Sousse area.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 18 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 19 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Showery day; thunderstorms in the evening.

0640-0710 hrs Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron and three 126 Squadron Luqa are airborne to provide protection for friendly shipping: no enemy aircraft seen.

0925-1035 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne to act as escort to friendly shipping.

0945 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are airborne to provide escort for HMS Welshman.

1725-1730 hrs; 2032-2050 hrs Air raid alerts. Aircraft turned out to be friendly.

Military casualties Sapper Glanville Williams, 173 Tunnelling Company, Royal Engineers.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 18 NOVEMBER 1942

HMS Welshman

ROYAL NAVY Welshman arrived and was swept in by Hebe, who then swept P 44 out and returned with P 45 and P 48. The two submarines arrived to join the Tenth Submarine Flotilla, having taken part in the early stages of Operation Torch as navigational marks off Algiers, then carrying out a patrol in the Gulf of Tunis. P 45 made three unsuccessful attacks in the area and P 48 two. With all torpedoes expended they were ordered to return to Malta.

AIR HQ Aircraft casualties One Beaufighter collided and crashed on landing: crew uninjured. Departures One Hudson, one Liberator to Gibraltar.

HAL FAR 1755-1830 hrs Two Swordfish and one Albacore set out to attack an enemy convoy in the Cape Bon area. Very bad weather conditions forced them to turn back.

LUQA 69 Squadron Photo-reconnaissance flew seven sorties. 1824-2350 hrs Seven Wellingtons 40 and 104 Squadrons were despatched to attack Tunis aerodrome: all bombs dropped on the aerodrome and among buildings and hangars. All aircraft returned safely. 2325 hrs Four special Wellingtons 69 Squadron carried out separate patrols of the east of Taranto: one hospital ship sighted. 0030-0555 hrs Six Wellingtons were despatched on a second attack on El Aouina. Bursts are observed in the target area and one fire is seen.

ROYAL ARTILLERY Anti-aircraft artillery deployed for defence of convoy.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Battalion is standing by with all leave cancelled for work in connection with expected convoy. The Battalion is Brigade reserve and has been detailed for the following duties: 42 drivers to sub-depots; 4 parties of 1 Officer and 13 Other Ranks to act as fire-fighting parties on board the merchant vessels; 150 standing by at 2 hours’ notice as a reserve for all duties.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Working party at Zabbar sub-depot: four 15 cwt and four impressed lorries; 16 Other Ranks manning trucks for convoy transport work.

2nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Dumps and sub-depot come onto two hours’ notice.

19 November 1942: First Raid Since 6 November

MALTA’S WAR ROLE RECOGNISED IN BRITISH PARLIAMENT

“Malta has been one of the determining factors in the struggle for the conquest of North Africa, and we are particularly proud of the great contribution that it has made.” Mr Robert Richards, MP for Wrexham, House of Commons, 19 November 1942

Carmelo Borg Pisani

MALTESE SPY FACES DEATH SENTENCE

The death sentence was passed today on Carmelo Borg-Pisani, who was discovered at Dingli on 21 May claiming to be Italian and found to be Maltese spying for the enemy. His crimes are listed as espionage, taking up arms against the Government and forming part of a conspiracy to overthrow the Government. The sentence was announced in public in Malta.

THREE SPITFIRES LOST PROTECTING CONVOY

The covering force of cruisers and destroyers rejoined the Operation Stoneage convoy at daylight today to cover the next stage of the journey of four merchant ships to Malta. Enemy aircraft were reported carrying out reconnaissance searches for the ships but did not attack.

As the convoy approached within range of Malta, the Island’s aircraft provided umbrella cover. The ships were sighted at dawn by Malta Beaufighters, in position 122 degrees 134 miles from Delimara. Four Beaufighters, 42 long-range and 19 short-range Spitfires carried out continuous patrols over the convoy for the last leg of its voyage.

They faced very rough weather and during the morning three Spitfires crashed ahead of the convoy. P/O Kelley 126 Squadron was picked up by the convoy ahead; Sgt Roberts 126 Squadron was last seen in his dinghy near the convoy. P/O Park 185 Squadron suffered engine trouble near the convoy and had to bale out. A destroyer sped to his rescue but he was found to be already dead. The reasons for the other two crashes are unknown.

HMS Orion

At 1400 hours Cleopatra, Dido, Orion and the six Fleet destroyers parted company with the convoy and returned to Alexandria. Just after 4pm the convoy’s commander reported being shadowed by enemy aircraft but there was no attack. Having patrolled continuously from dawn till dark, Malta aircraft finally escorted the convoy safely to within 30 miles of Grand Harbour.

At dusk the first raiders to cross Malta since 6 November were reported approaching the Island. Only one came close to dropping bombs on target, attempting to impersonate a returning RAF aircraft before being deterred by anti-aircraft fire.

Tonight operations by Malta’s RAF Wellingtons were temporarily switched from Tunis to Sicily, with bombing attacks on the German bomber bases of Catania, Gerbini and Comiso to deter attacks on the convoy. At 2240 hours the minesweeper Speedy led the ships through the mineswept channel and they entered harbour. Approximately 3200 troops and large numbers of civilians are standing by to unload the four merchant ships as soon as they dock.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 19 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 20 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Thunderstorms and showers early, becoming fair.

1010-1105 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far patrol over the Island: nothing sighted.

1210-1400 hrs; 1255-1440 hrs Six Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali at a time on patrol over the approaching convoy: no sightings.

1440-1635 hrs Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron patrol over the friendly convoy: no enemy activity.

1515-1710 hrs Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron patrol over the friendly convoy: no enemy activity.

1824 hrs Air raid alert for 10 enemy aircraft which approach the Island singly, in clear weather, coming to within 20 miles of the Malta convoy which is now 30 miles south of the Island. Two Beaufighters are airborne and approach the enemy raiders which split up, most going north. The remaining four cross over Gozo and Malta. One raider turns and comes in over Kalafrana Bay at 5000 feet. The searchlights illuminate the aircraft for two seconds but it is too far from the Beaufighters for them to engage. 4^th Heavy Ack Ack Regt report the target as an unidentified aircraft giving friendly recognition and IFF signals. It seems to be firing verey lights but in the wrong colours.

Mystery raider identified as possible Cant Z 1007 bis bomber

1850 hrs B Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report the enemy aircraft flying over Ta Silch. The raider is engaged by Bofors and small arms fire over Fort St Lucien and drops bombs in the water off Delimara, before receding out to sea. There are no reports from the RAF of friendly aircraft being engaged by Light Ack Ack.

1901 hrs All clear.

2200 hrs A convoy consisting of four merchantmen escorted by a cruiser and eleven destroyers enters Grand Harbour in bright moonlight. No hostile air activity is observed in the vicinity of the Island.

0517-0535 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft turn out to be friendly.

Military casualties Warrant Officer Class II James Fearnside, Royal Canadian Air Force; Flight Sergeant Clifford Gray, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR); Sergeant William Hammond, Royal New Zealand Air Force; Sergeant Benjamin Holmes, RAF VR; Sergeant John Layton, RAF VR; Flight Lieutenant John Mercer, RAF, all 104 Squadron.

Pilot Officer Gardner Kelly, Royal Canadian Air Force, 126 Squadron; Flying Officer Robert Park, Royal Australian Air Force; Sergeant Henry Roberts, Royal New Zealand Air Force, 126 Squadron; Sergeant Nigel Steevenson, RAF VR, 111 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 19 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY HMS P 43 returned to Malta from taking part in Operation Torch, covering the approaches to Messina and the North west corner of Sicily. On 16 November she scored a hit with torpedoes on a medium sized tanker, then surfaced and attempted to finish her off by gunfire, but the tanker retaliated and she was forced to dive. The ship was last seen heavily listed and attempting to beach herself.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Hudson from Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties Three Spitfires crashed in the sea due to engine trouble: two pilots drowned, one missing. One Wellington shot down by enemy action: crew missing.

104 Squadron Wellington reported missing

LUQA Message from AOC Sir Keith Park: “You and your squadrons are certainly leaving your mark upon the Axis. Grand work; keep it up.” Four sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires covering the harbours of Tunis and Bizerta. Six sorties by Baltimores of 69 Squadron on shipping search. A total of 14 Wellington sorties: targets Catania, Gerbini and Comiso; attacks considered successful. Five Wellingtons 104 Squadron and two 40 Squadron were sent to bomb Catania aerodrome. Bombs hit target and explosions were seen across the runway, buildings and dispersal areas. There was intense light and heavy flak. One aircraft did not return: Pilot F/Lt Mercer and crew Sgts Fearnside, Gray, Hammond, Layton and Holmes are missing.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Midnight Bn provided three shifts of 96 Other Ranks to work 12 hour shifts unloading the Mormacmoon at Hamilton Wharf. Each shift was split into eight gangs of 12 men.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Midnight Two parties totalling four Officers and 78 Other Ranks reported to Canteen Steps and Hamilton Wharf for duties as lighter loading parties. Additional personnel employed at Marina Pinto.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY All drivers reported to sub-depots by 1530 hrs. All fire-fighting parties reported at allotted berthing places at 2200 hrs and were on board ship by midnight.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Bn provided 10 Officers and 231 Other Ranks for unloading M/V Robin Locksley.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged on convoy duties.

20 November 1942: Convoy Cargo Blaze – Fuel Supplies Destroyed

OPERATION STONEAGE DELIVERS

Troops to repeat success of Operation Ceres (c) IWM GM1475

At 0130 hours this morning all ships of the convoy were reported to have arrived safely in Grand Harbour. All four merchant ships, with Euryalus and ten Hunt class destroyers berthed safely during the night. By 3 am 3200 troops plus civilians had begun unloading the merchant ships and dispersing the cargoes to dumps. A further 1800 troops are employed on the aerodromes.

FUEL DUMP FIRE

A serious fire has destroyed fuel supplies which had just arrived on today’s convoy. The fire broke out at 8.15 pm this evening at a storage dump near Hamrun, igniting quantities of kerosene and petrol which had just been delivered from Grand Harbour. It is believed that a back-fire from a transport lorry caused the blaze, which was brought under control before a very large amount of fuel was lost. No casualties have yet been reported.

SWORDFISH CREW MISSING AFTER OFFENSIVE OPS

‘Swordfish’ lost

The pilot of a Swordfish from Hal Far has been reported missing following a strike on enemy shipping today. One special Swordfish, one torpedo-carrying Swordfish and one Albacore were despatched to attack a 1300 ton merchant vessel bound from Sicily to Tunisia. They found the ship 14 miles west of Marittimo and the Albacores released one torpedo but results were not observed. The torpedo-carrying Swordfish suffered engine trouble and turned back for Malta. The aircraft was seen to crash into the sea as it approached the Island: a search for the crew has so far found nothing.

Four Beaufighters of 227 Squadron sent to carry out an offensive sweep found a westbound Italian merchant vessel, 32 miles east of Kuriat. They attacked at 1206 hrs, dropping two 250 lb bombs – one scored a direct hit amidships on the starboard side – and raked the vessel with cannon and machine-gun fire. The vessel was left stalling and the crew appeared to be preparing to abandon ship. Three Beauforts escorted by five Beaufighters were despatched at 1625 hrs to attack the same ship, scoring a probable hit with one torpedo: she was later seen sinking and abandoned.

Two JU 88s were destroyed in offensive sweeps in the Bizerta-Sicily area and tonight four Wellingtons made two attacks on Bizerta aerodrome, scoring many hits on the target area.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 20 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 21 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Mainly fair except for slight morning showers.

0625-1240 hrs Sixteen sorties by Spitfires from Luqa as protective patrols over friendly shipping.

0840 hrs Convoy escort of one cruiser and eight destroyers leave Grand Harbour.

0950-1106 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far patrol over the Island: nothing sighted.

1324-1347 hrs Air raid alert. Nine enemy fighters including ME 109s approach the Island at great height, believed to be on reconnaissance. Malta fighters are airborne and intercept the raiders north of the Island, forcing them to turn back.

1550-1650 hrs Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron patrol over the Island: no enemy activity.

2153-2203 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft identified as friendly.

0042-0450 hrs One Swordfish and one Albacore from Hal Far search for the crew of a missing Swordfish off the coast of Gozo: nothing seen.

Military casualties Sergeant Leslie Drywood, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 202 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Birzebbugia Mary Farrugia, age 44.

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 20 NOVEMBER 1942

HMS Parthian

AIR HQ Arrivals Three Beaufighters from Gambut; one Beaufort, two Spitfires, one Hudson from Gibraltar. Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar.

HAL FAR 2110-2350 hrs; 0325-0516 hrs Two Hurricanes RNAS carried out intruder patrols over south east Sicily: no enemy air activity.

LUQA Cinema re-opened after being damaged by fire on 25 October: film “Little Old New York”. Four sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron over harbours and aerodromes in Italy, Sicily and Tunisia. 1255-1720 hrs Three Beauforts 39 Squadron were despatched on an offensive sweep against enemy shipping in Misurata, Kerkenna, Pantelleria areas. One 2000 ton motor vessel was sighted and torpedoes dropped: no definite explosion observed.

ROYAL ARTILLERY Operation Instruction 69 orders the adjustment of aerodrome barrages to give protection to runways.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT 0200 hrs Ship docked and first food discharged by 0430 hrs. Mormacmoon is carrying a cargo of food, petrol, bombs and ammunition. Unloading during the day went well.

SS Robin Locksley

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT 0800 hrs Shift II: 4 Officers and 78 Other Ranks lighter duties on Mormacmoon and Robin Locksley. 2000 hrs Shift III took over lighter duties from Shift II.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT Bn found 8 Officers and 230 Other Ranks for convoy and has unloaded 1150 tons from Robin Locksley in past 24 hours.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged on convoy duties. Additional six Officers and 250 Other Ranks engaged as Brigade reserve.

21 November 1942: 14000 Tons of Cargo Unloaded in 60 Hours

CONVOY ESCORT SAILS WITH AXIS POW

HMS Euryalus and most of the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla which escorted the four merchant ships to Malta have sailed for Alexandria. Euryalus took with her 28 German and Italian prisoners of war.

SWORDFISH RESCUE

The crew of a Swordfish forced down into the sea off Gozo with engine trouble yesterday have been found alive. Sub/Lt Russell-Jones and Sub/Lt Moon were picked up this morning by the Kalafrana High Speed Launch.

SITUATION REPORT FOR WEEK ENDING 21 NOVEMBER 1942

From: Governor & C in C Malta To: C in C Middle East Rptd: War Office

1. Enemy air activity negligible. Two daylight alerts for fighters probably on reconnaissance. One night alert for 11 enemy aircraft but none crossed the coast. Two bombs in the sea.

Gerbini aerodrome

2. RAF offensive and reconnaissance: air activity by RAF in support of Operation Torch continues; Beaufighters on daylight patrols area Bizerta-Sicily destroyed two JU 88s, one HE 115 shot up, two merchant vessels 2000 and 8000 tons – former hit, latter near missed by bombs. Flak ship also shot up. Merchant vessel 2000 tons later claimed by Beauforts. By night Wellingtons and Fleet Air Arm aircraft scored two torpedo hits on tanker causing heavy explosions and fire. Wellingtons bombed El Aouina, Bizerta, Catania, Gerbini and Comiso. All attacks considered successful. Beaufighters on night sorties shot up planes on the ground at Trapani.

3. HMS Welshman arrived carrying stores. Unloaded by Army personnel. Convoy four merchant vessels escorted by cruiser and destroyers arrived safely 0030 hrs 20 November. Cargoes being unloaded and dispersed to dumps by 3200 Army personnel and Maltese labour. 13672 tons unloaded in 60 hours. 1800 Army personnel on aerodromes.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 21 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 22 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Variable; showers late evening.

0715-0845 hrs; 0830-0925 hrs; 1055-1225 hrs A total of 16 Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far patrol over friendly shipping.

1135-1315 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali on patrol over naval units: nothing sighted.

1235-1420 hrs; 1405-1520 hrs A total of 16 Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far on patrol: nothing sighted.

1320-1440 hrs; 1515-1630 hrs Four, then three Spitfires 229 Squadron on patrol: nothing sighted.

1529-1545 hrs Air raid alert for a number of enemy fighters which approach the Island at great height, probably on reconnaissance. None cross the coast. Seven Spitfires are airborne and patrol from St Paul’s Bay to the north of Gozo but see no enemy aircraft.

1855-1910 hrs Air raid alert. Raid does not materialise.

Military casualties Flight Sergeant Martin Lundy, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 229 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 21 NOVEMBER 1942

Troop transport Piemonte in former op as Minnedosa

ROYAL NAVY The unloading of the convoy continued without any attempted interference by enemy aircraft. Rye swept Turbulent and P 35 in from sea. HMS P 35 returned to Malta from Operation Torch and patrol off the western coast of Calabria. P 35 sighted three Littorio battleships escorted by twelve destroyers on the 12 November off Cape Vaticano and fired a salvo of torpedoes with no damage. On 15 November she landed a rail sabotage party in the Gulf of Eufemia but owing to considerable barded wire entanglements they were forced to withdraw. At 1416 on 17 November she probably sank the 7000 ton Italian troop ship Piemonte.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Spitfire from Algier-Bone; one Liberator, one DC3 from LG 224, one Hudson from Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Swordfish crashed in the sea: crew saved, uninjured. One Spitfire crash-landed near Mosta: pilot killed. One Wellington force-landed near Bone: crew believed safe. One Beaufighter crash-landed on the aerodrome: crew uninjured. Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar.

LUQA 1442-2013 hrs Six Beauforts 39 Squadron and other aircraft were despatched on an offensive sweep in the area south of Malta to attack any southbound enemy shipping. Nothing of importance was seen; all aircraft returned safely. One Wellington 104 Squadron and four Beaufighters 46 Squadron were despatched to attack Trapani aerodrome which was shot up by the Beaufighters. Aircraft on the runway were attacked with cannon fire. Six special torpedo-carrying Wellingtons 69 Squadron were airborne to attack a southbound enemy convoy of one cruiser, four destroyers and six merchant vessels. Bad visibility prevented the attack and all torpedoes were brought back to base.

TA QALI 1235-1600 hrs Six Beaufighters 272 Squadron acted as escort to Beauforts 39 Squadron for strike on shipping. 1250-1715 hrs Three Beaufighters despatched on an offensive sweep and reconnaissance in the area of Sousse, Sfax and Gabes: one HE 115 destroyed, one Flak ship shot up. 1255-1715 hrs Three Beaufighters 272 Squadron on offensive sweep and reconnaissance: W/Cdr Buchanan destroys one HE 115; F/Lt Rankin and F/O Cobley damage a flak ship. Two Beaufighters damaged by flak and crash on returning to base.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Unloading going well: cargo is fairly easy to handle. No 5 hold is finished as far as we are concerned; the remainder of its contents is coal. There is an occasional shortage of lighters. Our ship has 8000 tons of cargo.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Convoy duties as for yesterday.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS 77 motor transport drivers, six 15 cwt and one 3 ton truck engaged on convoy duties. Additional six Officers and 250 Other Ranks engaged as Brigade reserve.

(1) Bank Notes of the Government of Malta, John E Sandrock, http://www.thecurrencycollector.com

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Posted by maltagc70 on November 21, 2022 in 1942, November 1942

Tags: Arethusa, Bantam, Carmelo Borg Pisani, Denbighshire, Malta, Mormacmoon, MW 13, Operation Stoneage, Operation Torch, Robin Locksley, Sahib, Scillin, war diary, Welshman, World War 2

8-14 November 1942: Fortress Malta Underpins North African Invasion

14 Nov

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8 November 1942: Malta Aircraft & Submarines Join Operation Torch

Operation Torch troops hit beaches near Algiers

Under cover of darkness early this morning scores of thousands of American troops were landed on the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of French North Africa. The objective is to forestall an Axis invasion, remove the threat of an attack on America from the West African coast, and establish an effective second front to assist Russia. British divisions will follow the Americans.

Marshal Petain has ordered the French African Army to resist, and Vichy Radio reports fighting east and west of Algiers. It is reported from Allied Headquarters that initial objectives have been achieved in landings on two important beaches, and that US airborne troops were first landed to seize aerodromes and vital channels of communication.(1)

Malta’s task is now to hinder the enemy’s attempts to rush men and materials into the north east corner of Tunisia by sea and air. Twenty submarines of the 1st, 8th, and 10th Flotillas are operating from the Island as part of Operation Torch and other Malta-based vessels will come under operational control of Captain (S), 10th Submarine Flotilla, when east of longitude 8 degrees east.

Wellington bombers are to make sorties against targets in Tunisia, Sardinia and Sicily. They opened their offensive last night with an attack on Cagliari (Elmas) aerodrome to cover the arrival of the Allied landing force in Algeria.

With the opening of the new campaign in North Africa, the role of Malta’s photo-reconnaissance pilots has also been changed, from covering Libyan convoys to monitoring the Italian battle fleet. They will now be covering Taranto, Messina, Navarino and Naples two or three times a day.

BRITISH BOMBERS USING DELAYED ACTION FUZES

Three special Wellingtons despatched on shipping searches sighted one merchant vessel with escort. Seven Wellingtons were despatched to attack Elmas and Decimomannu aerodromes: the results were difficult to asses as many of the bombs had long delayed action fuzes.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 8 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 9 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Fine/fair.

No air raids.

0925-1015 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1720-1745 hrs Two Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on dusk patrol: no sightings.

2045-2240 hrs; 0320-0455 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron at a time patrol over the Island and surroundings: no enemy aircraft seen close to Malta.

Military casualties Flying Officer John Greig, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR); Flying Officer Peter Mould, RAF VR; Flight Sergeant Walter Owen, RAF VR; Flying Officer Roy Quarendon, RAF VR; Flight Sergeant Hilgrove Teale, RAF VR; Pilot Officer Frank Snelling, RAF VR; Pilot Officer Edward Robbins, RAF VR; Flight Sergeant Thomas Parker, RAF VR; Sergeant Ernest Stott, RAF VR; all 233 Squadron. Flying Officer Harry Lethbridge, Royal Australian Air Force.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 8 NOVEMBER 1942

Cape San Vito

ROYAL NAVY 1125 hrs Submarine HMS P 44 witnessed an attack on a Regolo class cruiser by HMS P 46, 16 miles northwest of Cape San Vito, which blew a considerable portion of the cruiser’s bow away. P 44 attempted to finish her off but missed, though an escorting destroyer may have been hit.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Beauforts from Mariut; three Spitfires from Gibraltar. Departures One Liberator, two LG 224s to DC 3. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire crashed: pilot seriously injured.

HAL FAR One Spitfire on a practice flight crash-lands: pilot unhurt.

LUQA Nine sorties were flown by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires covering aerodromes and harbours of Sicily, Pantelleria and southern Sardinia. Seven Wellingtons (four 104 Squadron, three 40 Squadron) were despatched to bomb Elmas and Decimomannu aerodromes. Five aircraft dropped bombs on Elmas aerodrome, scoring hits on the runways and doing considerable damage.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS All duties at Luqa aerodrome taken over by 2^nd Bn Royal Irish Fusiliers.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT During the past 24 hours has found working parties at Hal Far as for Nov 7^th.

2^nd Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT 9 trucks, 1 motor-cycle, 1 Officer and 20 Other Ranks reported for fatigue duties on Ta Qali.

9 November 1942: Axis Fighters Move From Sicily to Tunisia

Over 80 enemy fighters are reported to have left Sicily since Wednesday. It is believed that many of them are heading for Tunisia, as part of the effort to hold that territory in the face of the recent invasion.

FLEET AIR ARM ATTACK CONVOY

Fairey ‘Swordfish’ with torpedo

At midnight two torpedo-carrying Albacores and one torpedo-carrying Swordfish co-operated with a special Swordfish in an attack on three enemy cruisers and several destroyers en route from Navarino to Messina in position 144 degrees Spartivento 75 miles. Three torpedoes were aimed at the cruisers but an effective smoke screen was put up. Two explosions were observed, but all three cruisers were subsequently located at Augusta.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 9 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 10 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Fair to cloudy; clearing later.

No air raids.

1320-1425 hrs Five Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on practice flying and intercept patrol: no sightings.

1400-1440 hrs; 1525-1625 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne at a time on intercept patrol: no sightings.

Night One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa is airborne for a raid which does not materialise. It patrols north of Malta at 12000 feet but sees no enemy aircraft.

Military casualties Flight Lieutenant Charles Brennan, Royal Canadian Air Force, 544 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS MONDAY 9 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Clyde sailed being swept out by Hebe.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Wellington from Gianaclis. Departures One Spitfire photo-reconnaissance to Kilo 8. Aircraft casualties One Wellington failed to return from operations: crew missing.

LUQA Seven sorties were flown by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires which covered the aerodromes of southern Sardinia and harbours of Sicily, Tunis and Bizerta. Three special Wellingtons 69 Squadron carried out shipping searches of Taranto, Messina and Sardinia areas. One cruiser and three destroyers were sighted. One aircraft failed to return: P/O Matthews, P/O Moffat, P/O James, P/O Reay, P/O Burgess, Sgt Watt missing.

Decimomannu aerodrome aerial view

1913-0330 hrs Seven Wellingtons (three 40 Squadron, four 104 Squadron) were despatched to attack Elmas and Decimomannu aerodromes. Bombs were dropped on the aerodromes and on buildings to the south. Some Heavy Ack Ack was encountered. All aircraft returned. 2020-2125 hrs Three torpedo-carrying Wellingtons of 69 Squadron were despatched to attack shipping in the Navarino area: no enemy aircraft seen.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT 0900 hrs Convoy duties: 3 NCOs and 15 Other Ranks reported to Camerata Barracks for duties as tally clerks. 1 Officer, 5 NCOs and 16 Other Ranks reported to Mifsud’s Verandah for duties at Broken Case Store. 1200 hrs 1 Officer, 1 Warrant Officer and 12 Other Ranks reported for duty at Zabbar motor transport sub-depot.

1500 hrs Transport and 26 drivers reported to sub-depot for duty. Unit transport involved eight 15 cwt trucks, two 30 cwt trucks and three impressed vehicles. 1700 hrs Green Dump established at San Gregoriu Church: 3 Officers, 11 NCOs and 50 Other Ranks reported for duty. 1 Officer 3 Other Ranks reported for duty with Docks Unit. 3 NCOs 18 Other Ranks reported Porte des Bombes for fire fighting duties at Docks.

1^st Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT 1730 hrs 18 Officers 361 Other Ranks in position at five convoy dumps and one motor transport sub-depot, locations Pawla, Attard, Tal Balal, L’Imsierah, Hamrun and Gzira.

2^nd Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT 3 x 1 ton lorries and six Other Ranks reported for transport duties on Luqa. 3 trucks and 6 drivers reported for Brigade special duties at Naxxar.

10 November 1942: Enemy Transport Aircraft Arrive in Med

Axis command has introduced large numbers of transport aircraft into the Central Mediterranean area. The planes were reported by pilots returning from reconnaissance missions over Trapani and Tunis, where no fewer than 40 of the aircraft have arrived since yesterday.

ME 323 Transport Aircraft

The majority of the new aircraft are JU 52s but a few larger models have also been seen, including JU 90s, FW 200s and ME 323s. The latter is a six-engined plane with a 180 foot wingspan and is believed capable of carrying 40-50 fully equipped troops. The transport aircraft have been observed flying in convoys of 25-30 planes each.

The transport fleet is understood to be part of the renewed efforts North African campaign by Axis forces. Intelligence reports indicate that the enemy intend to occupy and defend as much as possible of Tunisia. In response, Malta Air Command have been instructed to transfer the main weight of their bomber effort to the aerodrome of El Aouina at Tunis, where many of the Axis transports and some large gliders are concentrated.

MALTA AIR CREW CAPTURED

Junkers JU 90

One of nine Beaufighters of 272 Squadron despatched to attack German aircraft on El Aouina aerodrome in Tunis last night has been reported missing. Visibility was good, with only a slight ground haze when the Beaufighters attacked in waves of four, strafing aircraft on the ground. They reported destroying five JU 52s, two JU 90s and one JU 87, one large glider and a twin-engined aircraft. They also damaged three JU 87s, two ME 109s, two JU 52s, one large glider, three twin-engined aircraft and five more unidentified aircraft.

The aerodrome’s defences opened up with small gun fire: one Beaufighter appears to have been hit: it was seen by crews of the other aircraft making a successful emergency landing near the airfield. As the area is French territory the crew are likely to be interned if captured.

A Wellington bomber is also missing after an attack on Elmas aerodrome. The bomber was one of seven Wellingtons sent to attack the airfield. Bombs are reported to have fallen all over the aerodrome and runway, causing 17 small fires – believed to be aircraft. Many hits were scored on an ammunition dump which exploded.

One torpedo-carrying and one bomb-carrying Wellington returned safely after attacking Axis shipping. The two Wellingtons were on shipping reconnaissance west of Benghazi when they found a westbound merchant ship with a single escort vessel 80 miles east of Misurata. One of the Wellingtons dropped flares, while the other attacked the merchantman with three 500 lb bombs, scoring near-misses.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 10 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 11 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Fair to fine.

No air raids.

0650-0800 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings.

0740-0840 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are airborne to act as escort to friendly shipping.

0830-0945 hrs; 0945-1035 hrs Three and then four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1018-1118 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far patrol over the Island at 12-15000 feet.

1100-1230 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings.

0320-0338 hrs One air raid alert for a single aircraft which proves to be friendly.

Military casualties Warrant Officer II Byard Fisher, Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF); Flying Officer Francis James, RCAF; Flying Officer Allison Burgess, RCAF; Sergeant Ralph Bland, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR); Flight Sergeant Hugh Locke, RCAF; Flying Officer William Mathews, RCAF; Flying Officer Verdun Ray, RCAF; Flight Sergeant Frank Lewsley, RAF VR; Flying Officer Bernard Moffatt, RCAF; Warrant Officer II Burchester McNall, RCAF; Warrant Officer II Frank Olsen, RCAF; all 69 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 10 NOVEMBER 1942

HMS Porpoise

ROYAL NAVY HMS Porpoise was retained at Malta for a possible landing of military personnel in the Sousse area to captain certain coast defence guns. 0710 hrs During patrol for Operation Torch HMS Una sighted an enemy force of three 6 inch cruisers, escorted by six destroyers in position 37-11N, 15-30E. Una attacked but missed the cruisers, but a fleet destroyer on the far side of the screen was hit and sunk.

AIR HQ Arrivals Three Hudsons from Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Beaufighter landed in French territory: crew believed to have been interned.

LUQA Seven sorties were flown by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires covering aerodromes and harbours in Sicily, northern Sardinia, Tunis and Bizerta. 1645-0450 hrs Three torpedo-carrying Wellingtons and one special Wellington 69 Squadron were despatched to locate and attack enemy snipping in the Navarino area. The special Wellington sighted three cruisers and two destroyers. 1730-0535 hrs Four special Wellingtons 69 Squadron were airborne to search for enemy shipping in the Straits of Messina: no important sightings made.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT 1300 hrs 1 Officer, 7 NCOs and 16 Other Ranks reported at Docks for fire fighting duties on ships. 10 NCOs and 40 Other Ranks standing by as General Duty reserve. Other convoy duties as yesterday. 5 Other Ranks reported as reserve drivers to sub-depot.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT During the past 48 hours has found working parties at Hal Far: 4 x 15 cwt trucks for food delivery, servicing aircraft and for mobile vehicle repairs; 2 impressed lorries for crater-filling; 2 motor-cycles for motor control work; 16 Other Ranks working above trucks. At Zabbar sub-depot: 4 x 15 cwt trucks.

1^st Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Dumps and sub-depot on four hours readiness.

11 November 1942: Qrendi Air Strip Opens

Qrendi air strip (NWMA Malta)

Qrendi air strip officially opened yesterday afternoon. His Excellency the Governor and Commander in Chief Viscount Gort performed the opening ceremony which was attended by commanders of all Services. The Air Officer Commanding was given the honour of being the first pilot to use the new airfield, taking off in a fighter immediately after the formal proceedings. The air strip is now expected to be fully operational.

MERCHANT SHIP GROUNDED EN ROUTE FOR MALTA

HMS Manxman grounded early this morning as she was embarking to bring supplies to Malta. Manxman sailed from Alexandria at 0500 hours escorted by destroyers Dulverton, Beaufort, Aldenham, Hurworth and Belvoir.

On passing through the boom, the merchant vessel grounded outside the quarantine breakwater of Alexandria Harbour. She was refloated an hour later with the help of a tug. An inspection of the hull reported no apparent damage and she was declared safe to proceed. After dark, the destroyers turned back for Alexandria and Manxman is reported continuing towards Malta at high speed.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 11 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 12 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Fair to cloudy.

No air raids.

1230-1340 hrs; 1345-1430 hrs Four and then five Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali search for a submarine: no sightings.

1425-1535 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far search for the submarine but find nothing.

1450-1525 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1505-1810 hrs Six Beaufighters were despatched to patrol the area between Cape Bon and Trapani. One HE 115 was destroyed and one schooner shot up.

1620-1655 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings.

2020-2125 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron patrols over the Island: no enemy aircraft sighted.

Military casualties Flying Officer Charles Hall, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR); Flight Sergeant Basil Conway, RAF; Sergeant Claude Hotchkiss; Sergeant Kenneth Keston, RAF VR; Sergeant George Love, RAF VR; Flight Lieutenant Geoffrey Maxton, RAF; Sergeant Eric Mudd, RAF VR; Sergeant William Parsons, RAF; Sergeant Harold Watson, RAF VR; all 210 Squadron. Lieutenant Gordan Brodziak, South African Air Force; Flight Sergeant Malcolm Humphrey, RAF; Sergeant William Lip-Guey, Royal New Zealand Air Force; Sergeant Wallace Moss, RAF VR; all 608 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Zejtun Joseph Busuttil, age 58.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 11 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY P 46 was swept in by Hebe, returning from patrol off Cape San Vito for Operation Torch. At 1123 on 8th November in position 38-14N, 12-43E she torpedoed and hit a Regolo class cruiser heavily escorted by destroyers. This hit was confirmed by a subsequent reconnaissance of Palermo.

Liberator Lands in Malta

AIR HQ Arrivals One Spitfire photo-reconnaissance from Gibraltar; one Liberator, one DC 3, one Wellington from LG 224. Departures Three Hudsons to Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One photo-reconnaissance Spitfire failed to return: pilot missing. One Wellington failed to return from operations: crew missing. One Wellington shot down in the sea: crew picked up uninjured.

LUQA 0800 hrs One 5-6000 ton motor vessel is seen 10 miles south of Naples. Night sorties by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires 69 Squadron cover aerodromes in Italy, Sicily and southern Sardinia. 2010-0125 hrs Two Wellingtons 40 Squadron and three 104 Squadron were despatched to attack Tunis aerodrome. Bombs were dropped on the target, causing considerable damage. Night Four Wellingtons were airborne on reconnaissance and patrol, covering the Straits of Messina area: no important sightings made and all aircraft returned safely.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Ships’ fire fighting party stands down. Other convoy duties as for yesterday.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT 4 Other Ranks temporarily attached to 1^st Bn Cheshire Regt as tally clerks on docks. 1 Other Rank temporarily attached to Docks Unit as batman.

12 November 1942: Manxman Arrives With Supplies and Men

HMS Manxman

HMS Manxman entered Grand Harbour at 5 o’clock this afternoon after a successful 1000 mile passage through the eastern Mediterranean from Alexandria. Manxman was carrying 350 tons of varied foodstuffs including much needed supplies of powdered milk, dried cereals, and preserved meat. There were also 200 passengers, including RAF and Army personnel, for Malta. The food was loaded into heavy sacks which slowed the unloading process. Despite this 1^st Bn Cheshire Regiment managed to complete the task by 0230 hours. The cargo was immediately dispersed to safe keeping in the Island’s storage facilities.

A second supply run by HMS Welshman from the east has been delayed. The ship set out from the UK on 1^st November but has been delayed by bad weather in the eastern Meditteranean.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 12 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 13 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Rain early becoming fair.

No air raids.

0835 hrs Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled: raid does not materialise.

0855-1010 hrs Twelve Spitfire sorties by 126 Squadron Luqa and twelve by 1435 Squadron: no enemy aircraft seen.

1345-1450 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne to act as escort to approaching ship: no enemy aircraft sighted.

1415-1540 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron patrol over the ship 20 miles off Kalafrana.

1435-1520 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far on intercept patrol: nothing sighted.

1500 hrs B Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a circular object with red painted horns floating in the sea 100 yards offshore.

1536-1845 hrs Seven Beaufighters were despatched to patrol over the Tunis-Sicilian channel. Five Savoia Marchetti 82s with German markings were sighted 40 miles south east of Pantelleria on a northerly course. A further SM 82 with Italian markings was following behind. The Beaufighters attacked and destroyed them all. Several khaki-clad figures were seen struggling in the water.

1735 hrs C Coy 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report flashes on the horizon due east of Della Grazia, identified as possible gun fire.

1825 hrs Air raid alert sounds for approaching aircraft which turn out to be friendly.

0405 hrs C Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a red glare on the horizon off Della Grazia.

Military casualties Sergeant Bruce Norman, Royal New Zealand Air Force, 154 Squadron, RAF.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 12 NOVEMBER 1942

HMS Utmost

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept Utmost in from patrol, and then went out again to sweep Manxman into Grand Harbour.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Wellington from LG 224. Departures One DC3, one Liberator to LG 224. Aircraft casualties Two Beaufighters overshot runway on landing: crew uninjured. One Beaufort crashed on landing: crew uninjured. One Spitfire belly-landed at Luqa: pilot uninjured.

LUQA The Air Officer Commanding has sent personal congratulations to ground staff for achieving a record high level of serviceability, including 100% Spitfire serviceability, demonstrating excellent teamwork on the part of all concerned. Seven sorties were flown by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires covering aerodromes and harbours in Sicily, Sardinia and Tunis.

1805-0505 hrs Six Wellingtons attacked El Aouina aerodrome, starting many fires and causing a large explosion – believed to be a fuel dump. The Wellingtons made a second sortie against the target and caused more fires. Bombs were seen to explode near hangars and a gun position was silenced. All aircraft returned safely. 2015 hrs Six Wellingtons (two of 40 Squadron, four of 104 Squadron) were despatched to attack Tunis. All bombing was confined to the aerodromes: fires and large explosions seen. 0120-0540 hrs Five Beauforts 39 Squadron were despatched to lay mines in the approachs to Tunis harbour.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Bn ‘stood by’ to unload HMS Manxman.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT 1630 hrs General Duty reserve reported to No 5 Dock and were employed in unloading HMS Manxman. Other convoy duties as for yesterday.

4^th HEAVY ACK ACK REGIMENT PM Orders given to preset ammunition for ship barrage for HMS Manxman. Dockyard barrages now have priority.

1^st Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Red, Brown and Blue [Supply] Dumps remain in position. White and Pink Dumps stand down except for skeleton guard. Sub-depot continues operating.

1^st Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT E Company apprehended 6 civilians smuggling eggs and cheese from Gozo: they were handed over to the civil police.

13 November 1942: Malta Fighters Disable 13 Axis Transport Planes

Focke-Wulf FW 200

Seven Beaufighters patrolling the Tunisian-Sicilian channel at 5000 feet today sighted large formations of enemy transport planes flying at 100 feet. The Beaufighters attacked, destroying six enemy aircraft and probably destroying seven. One Beaufighter is missing and six were slightly damaged in the attack.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 13 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 14 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Cloudy.

No air raids.

0845-0920 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far patrol north of the Island: nothing sighted.

1100-1315 hrs Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are airborne and patrol as far as Mandia but see no aircraft or shipping.

1535-1700 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on patrol see a Spitfire crash into the sea and cover the pilot in his dinghy until he is picked up by the High Speed Launch.

1535-1845 hrs Seven Beaufighters 272 Squadron Ta Qali on patrol sight and attack six Savoia Marchetti 82s, shooting all six down into the sea. Two Beaufighters are damaged in combat: one crash-lands at base and is written off.

1612-1707 hrs One Swordfish RNAS Hal Far is despatched on Air Sea Rescue and drops a dinghy to a pilot in the sea 16 miles west of Dingli. He is later picked up by the High Speed Launch.

Military casualties Warrant Officer II John Stephen, Royal Canadian Air Force; Sergeant Samuel Whear, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve; both 227 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 13 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Una and P 44 were swept in by Rye after missions for Operation Torch. HMS P 44 was returning to Malta from patrol off the northwest of Sicily. HMS Una was back from patrol off the southern approaches of Messina and Port Augusta. Speedy, Hythe and Hebe carried out searching sweep of QBB 298 and swept six mines.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Spitfires from Gibraltar. Departures One Spitfire photo-reconnaissance to LG 224. Aircraft casualties Four Beaufighters damaged by enemy action: crews uninjured. Two Beaufighters crash-landed at Luqa: crews uninjured. One Beaufighter shot down in the sea: crew missing. One Spitfire missing in transit from Gibraltar to Malta.

LUQA Six sorties were flown by photo-reconnaissance Spitfires covering the harbours of Naples, Taranto and Messina. Two Baltimores 89 Squadron searched for shipping in the Marittimo area. Night One special Wellington 69 Squadron was sent on a shipping search in the area Cavoli-Marittimo: a number of sightings.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT 0315 hrs General Duty reserve completed unloading duties. Personnel employed at Green Dump reduced to 3 NCOs and 12 men on guard duties.

14 November 1942: El Aouina Under Fire

Axis aircraft destroyed at El Aouina

At 1525 hours this afternoon seven Beaufighters of 272 Squadron based at Ta Qali were sent to attack El Aouina aerodrome in Tunis. Despite intense flak over the target, they strafed the airfield, destroying three JU 52s and three JU 88s, and damaging one JU 87 and one single-engined aircraft on the ground.

Two Beaufighters have been reported missing following the raid. One was seen making an emergency landing on the beach at Tunis: the crew S/Ldr A Watson and P/O C F Cutting are believed taken prisoners of war. The whereabouts of the other crew, F/Lt Bale and Sgt Soutter, are unknown. The remaining Beaufighters landed safely at 1850 hours this evening.

Tonight seven Wellingtons were despatched to attack El Aouina. Bombs explode on the landing ground and in dispersal areas, starting several fires. The Wellingtons made a second sortie and bombs were seen exploding among the buildings, starting two large fires. All aircraft returned safely.

SITUATION REPORT WEEK ENDING 14 NOVEMBER 1942

From: Governor & C in C Malta To: C in C Middle East Rpt: The War Office

1. No enemy air activity.

2. Much offensive and reconnaissance air activity in support of Operation Torch. Beaufighters on daylight shoot-ups El Aouina, destroyed ten transport planes, one large glider, five other planes. Damaged two transports, one glider and five other planes on the ground. Beaufighters and Spitfires on patrol Tunisian Sicilian channel intercepted and destroyed 20 transport planes and three other planes; probably destroyed seven transport planes.

By night Wellingtons and Fleet Air Arm aircraft scored torpedo hits: one, possibly two, cruisers near misses with bombs on one merchant vessel. Wellingtons bombed Elmas and El Aouina where much damaged caused. Also Cagliari and Decimomannnu. Beauforts laid mines on approaches to Tunis.

3. HMS Manxman arrived with approximately 350 tons foodstuffs unloaded by army personnel. Large working parties on aerodromes continue.

4. Qrendi landing strip opened.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 14 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 15 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Fair.

No air raids.

0645-0810 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings.

0900-1015 hrs Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa patrol 30 miles north east of Malta in response to a report of a possible air raid: enemy aircraft do not approach the Island.

Messerschmitt Bf 110

1000-1255 hrs Eight long-range Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa carry out a reconnaissance patrol over the Tunisian-Sicilian channel. They sight one BR 20 with escorting fighters and attack: P/O Piggot destroys one BR 20; P/O Hibbert destroys one ME 110. Sgt Hendry damages one JU 90 and Sgt Mortimer damages one ME 110.

1400-1630 hrs Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and four 126 Squadron carry out reconnaissance in the Cape Bon area. P/O Kirkman or Sgt Kebble destroy one BR 20; F/Lt McLennan destroys one SM 82 [later identified as S 75].

1155-1325 hrs Four Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far patrol north of Gozo: nothing sighted.

1215-1555 hrs Eight Beaufighters on patrol destroy one JU 88, one SM 85 and one ME 109. Two Beaufighters are reported missing.

1400-1630 hrs Eight Spitfires on reconnaissance patrol sight a BR 20 and a SM 82 and attack, destroying them both. Four Spitfires 185 Squadron patrol as far as Lampedusa and Linosa: no enemy aircraft sighted.

1505-1650 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1605-1735 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are airborne on intercept patrol: they chase one enemy aircraft but do not engage.

1645 hrs Seven Beaufighters patrolling the Sicilian channel destroy one HE 114.

Military casualties Sergeant Cecil Candler, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR); Sergeant John Hughes, RAF; Flying Officer Robert Pearson, RAF; Flying Officer David Witherspoon, Royal Canadian Air Force; all 227 Squadron. Flight Lieutenant Leslie Bale, RAF VR; Flight Sergeant Robert Soutter, RAF VR; both 272 Squadron. Flight Lieutenant Francis Bassett, RAF, 152 Squadron; Flight Lieutenant George Davidson, Royal Canadian Air Force, 126 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 14 NOVEMBER 1942

AIR HQ Arrivals One Spitfire, six Hudsons from Gibraltar; two Beaufighters from ECDU; two Baltimores from LG 227; two Liberators from LG 224; four Wellingtons from Gianaclis. Aircraft casualties Four Beaufighters shot down by enemy aircraft: crews missing. One Beaufighter force-landed in French territory: crew saved.

3^rd Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT 200 men began pen-building at Qrendi aerodrome. 1600 from various units are distributed on the other aerodromes, assisting with maintenance and servicing.

(1) Adapted from Sydney Morning Herald 9 November 1942

All written content © maltagc70 unless otherwise attributed. For conditions of use contact bdmalta@btinternet.com

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Posted by maltagc70 on November 14, 2022 in 1942, November 1942

Tags: 104 Squadron, 1435 Squadron, 185 Squadron, 227 Squadron, 229 Squadron, 249 Squadron, 272 Squadron, 544 Squadron, 69 Squadron, Cheshire Regiment, Kings Own Malta Regiment, Malta, Manxman, Operation Torch, Qrendi, Royal Canadian Air Force, war diary, World War Two

1-7 November 1942: Fuel Shortages Threaten Malta’s Role in War

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1 November 1942: ‘Spy Ship’ to Relieve Malta Fuel Shortage

Desperate shortages of aviation fuel in Malta have forced Allied naval commanders to come up with an innovative solution. Intensive enemy air and sea activity makes it impossible to run a convoy through the eastern Mediterranean. Instead, they have decided to send a captured former Italian ship disguised as an Axis supply vessel to carry supplies to the Island.

Former MS Rodi now Empire Patrol

The former Italian ship MS Rodi was seized by British Contraband Control at Malta on 10 June 1940, the eve of Italy’s declaration of war. Renamed Empire Patrol she has since been in use by the Ministry of War Transport.

The plan is to disguise the ship under Turkish colours and send her unescorted through Turkish waters east of Cyprus. She will then change to Italian colours and turn westwards, taking a standard route of Italian freighters bound from the Dardanelles to Southern Italy.

The Empire Patrol was loaded with 1200 tons of aviation fuel and 3000 tons of benzene, all carried in cans. She left Alexandria this afternoon, steaming northwards at 15 knots.

E BOATS IN MALTA WATERS

Enemy E boats were spotted tonight off the coast by observers of 1^st Battalion Dorsetshire Regiment. Reports described a flashing light out to sea off Delimara. The searchlights at Fort Delimara were illuminated and gun batteries opened fire on the E boats: no claims are reported. It is believed that the enemy vessels were engaged in minelaying.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 1 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 2 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Cloudy to fair; slight shower early.

No air raids.

1205-1240 hrs Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled for a raid that does not materialise. One Spitfire crashes, killing Pilot Officer Wright. C Company 1^st Bn Royal West Kent Regiment mount a guard on the crashed Spitfire at Tal Hlas Church, Zebbug.

2245 hrs C Company 1st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a light flashing out to sea.

0200 hrs D and B Companies 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report lights exposed and two rounds fired by Fort Delimara.

Military casualties Flight Lieutenant Patrick Attenborough, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (VR); Pilot Officer Austin Bettridge, Royal Air Force; Sergeant Douglas Jenkins, Royal Air Force VR; Flight Sergeant Arthur Smith, Royal Air Force; Wing Commander Hubert Styles, Royal Air Force, all 233 Squadron; Pilot Officer Russell Wright, Royal Air Force VR; Warrant Officer II Albert Powles, Royal Canadian Air Force; Private Thomas Seville, 1st Battalion, Dorsetshire Regiment.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 1 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY P 43 and P 37 were swept out by Hebe and Rorqual by Rye.

AIR HQ Departures One Beaufighter, one DC 3 to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire crash-landed: pilot killed.

HAL FAR 185 Squadron released.

LUQA One Spitfire was sent on reconnaissance of Patras and a shipping search of Cape Katakola. The 5-6000 ton tanker seen off Cape Maria di Leuca on 29 October was lying in the roads off Patras Harbour with a destroyer. One Baltimore 69 Squadron sent on shipping search of Sapienza south of Cape Matapan area sighted nothing.

TA QALI No operations.

2 November 1942: Operation Supercharge

‘Operation Supercharge’ tanks in W desert (c) IWM E18972

Overnight, Allied forces began an attack westward in the northern sector of the North African campaign under ‘Operation Supercharge’. By dawn today they had reached their final objectives. Meanwhile diversionary attacks were made in the central and southern sectors with some success.

RNAS ATTACK AXIS MERCHANT SHIP

Late this afternoon a Spitfire of Malta’s photo-reconnaissance unit spotted a convoy of one 5000 ton merchant vessel, one destroyer and one flak ship 15 miles east of Tripoli and heading eastwards. At 2300 hours one special Swordfish and two Albacores were despatched to attack. At 0151 hours they found the convoy 45 miles east of Homs. The Albacores dropped two torpedoes which were seen to run well but the results could not be observed.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 2 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 3 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Fine.

1340-1409 hrs Air raid alert for 24 enemy fighters including fighter bombers approaching the Island at a great height. Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are airborne on a practice flight when they are diverted to intercept the approaching formation but they see no hostile aircraft. Spitfires of 126 Squadron Luqa, plus seven Spitfires 229 Squadron and four 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept reported enemy raiders: no sightings.

Raiders head for Luqa airfield and attack. RAF Regiment ground defences open up with machine gunfire and destroy one ME 109 which blows up in the air and crashes near Kirkop. Bombs are dropped on Luqa, Kirkop and Misrah Blandun. Ack Ack guns also fire: no claims.

1617-1638 hrs Air raid alert for 30 enemy fighters approaching the Island at high altitude. Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept and are jumped by ME 109s. Sgt Weir is injured in the thigh and crash-lands back at base. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are also scrambled but sight no raiders. Six ME 109s cross the coast. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

Enemy aircraft are reported as having a painted white band around the fuselage aft of the cockpit.

0436-0515 hrs Air raid alert for four enemy bombers which drop bombs on Imtarfa, Rabat, Luqa, Zebbug and Birkirkara, damaging property, killing seven civilians and injuring 15. Two nursing sisters are injured at Imtarfa. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Malta fighters are airborne: no interceptions.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties (See 3 November).

Enemy casualties Oberfeldwebel Heinrich Slany, pilot of Messerschmitt Bf 109.

OPERATIONS REPORTS MONDAY 2 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY P 35, P 44 and P 46 to sea for patrol swept out by Speedy and Parthian swept in by Hebe.

AIR HQ Arrivals Three Beauforts from Gibraltar; one Liberator from LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire crash-landed due to enemy action: pilot injured.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron made photo-reconnaissance of Porto Empedocle. 27 Spitfire sorties were made against 54 plus enemy sorties. 10 Spitfire sorties were made in reconnaissance patrols north of Malta: no enemy aircraft or shipping sighted.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Working party 1 Officer 30 Other Ranks found by A Company to work for Royal Engineers in Floriana.

1^st Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT C Company 1 Officer 50 Other Ranks on Luqa. 1 NCO 18 men assisting 173 Tunnelling Company Royal Engineers on Luqa.

3 November 1942: Empire Patrol’s Cover Blown

At 1330 hours today Empire Patrol, sailing under Turkish colours with fuel supplies for Malta, was spotted by a German Dornier 215 on reconnaissance to the north west of Cyprus. Three hours later the ship’s monitors picked up traces of a submarine which was evidently shadowing the merchantman.

The ship had already been plagued with electrical and diesel defects which threatened her power and compromised her potential for evading attack. The Royal Naval Reserve Lieutenant in command of the ship decided its disguise had been compromised and decided to abandon the mission. Empire Patrol headed straight for Famagusta.

HMS Clyde

There was some relief for Malta’s ongoing fuel shortage today as HMS Clyde arrived from Beirut with a cargo of petrol and torpedoes. This will provide a temporary top-up, but supplies are still inadequate to support the Island’s air strength, to defend itself and support the war effort in North Africa, which is now at a critical stage.

MALTA WELLINGTONS DESTROY AXIS FUEL SUPPLY

Malta-based Wellingtons launched successful attacks on enemy supply shipping tonight. Just after 10 pm Wellingtons of 69 Squadron were despatched to attack an enemy southbound convoy heading for Benghazi. One Wellington found two medium merchant vessels with three destroyers 118 miles north of Benghazi and attacked. Two Wellingtons from the Middle East were in the same area and set off flares to illuminate the target. The Malta Wellington’s torpedo scored a hit on the bows of one heavily laden merchantman, leaving it stationary and down by the bows.

A second convoy of eight vessels, including a tanker, was found 80 miles north of Cape Aamer. Two Wellingtons attacked with bombs and two with torpedoes. One torpedo hit was scored aft of the tanker. A reconnaissance aircraft later reported three separate oil patches each 500 feet across at the location of the attack. Reports confirm that one tanker and one merchant vessel were hit by torpedoes and sunk. All aircraft returned safely.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 3 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 4 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Fair, becoming cloudy.

0850-0900 hrs Nine Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne to practice flying and for intercept patrol: no sightings.

1047-1110 hrs Air raid alert for about 20 enemy fighters including fighter bombers. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept and sight two ME 109s but do not engage. The raiders cross the coast and drop bombs on Luqa and Mqabba. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1342-1425 hrs Air raid alert as 15 enemy fighters escorting fighter bombers approach the Island. Seven Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled to intercept and chase the raiders down to 10000 feet. Yellow Section engages three Macchi 202s north of Grand Harbour: Sgt Gunstone destroys one. One Spitfire receives a direct hit and is burned out. A few raiders cross the coast and drop bombs on Luqa, making one runway temporarily unserviceable, and on Mqabba.

1537-1606 hrs Air raid alert for 12 enemy fighters approaching the Island. Four Spitfires 249 Squadron airborne for practice flying and intercept patrol sight two ME 109s and give chase but cannot catch them. Raiders cross the coast and drop bombs on Zejtun and on Hal Far, where a Spitfire suffers a direct hit and is destroyed on the ground. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

1630-1720 hrs Enemy fighters attack a submarine off south coast near Delimara. 4^th Heavy Ack Ack Regiment put up a protective barrage over the submarine. Four Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to provide a protective patrol.

0100-0137 hrs Air raid alert for three enemy bombers which cross the coast and drop bombs on Birzebbuga and the Hal Far-Kalafrana area. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagements.

0458-0637 hrs Two Beaufighters on anti E boat patrol. No E boats are seen but a schooner is sighted and shot up.

Military casualties Flying Officer Roland Ambrose, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR); Sergeant Thomas Bailey, RAF; Sergeant Charles Cockburn, RAF VR; Sergeant Thomas Elder, RAF; Flight Sergeant Ronald Mitchell, RAF VR; Sergeant Harold Warren, RAF VR; Flight Lieutenant Terence Sassoon, RAF VR; Sergeant Kenneth Thorne, RAF VR, all 202 Squadron. Flying Officer Egbert Wall, Royal Australian Air Force.

Civilian casualties Lija Anthony Camilleri, age 56; Saviour Cutajar, age 48; Peter Fenech, age 82; Joseph Galea, age 55; Carmela Zammit, age 24; Anthony Zammit, age 10. Zebbug Joseph Abdilla, age 11; Antonia Bonanno, age 16; Salvina Bonanno, age 7; Emanuel Buhagiar, age 29; Philip Muscat, age 75; Anthony Muscat, age 18; Carmela Muscat, age 5. Gozo (Victoria) Carmela Galea, age 56.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 3 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Clyde arrived from Beirut and was swept in by Hythe, Speedy and four MLs; a large escort was used as it was suspected that mines were laid last night. Speedy swept P 211, P 212 and P 217 out, and Hythe swept out Una and Utmost, to join major operations in the Mediterranean.

AIR HQ Arrivals One DC 3, one Wellington from LG 224; one Liberator from Middle East. Departures One Beaufighter to Abusuier; one Liberator to Gibraltar; one DC 3 to Middle East.

LUQA Spitfires 69 Squadron on photo-reconnaissance.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Working party A Company continues to work for Royal Engineers in Floriana. 1530 hrs Funeral of the late [Lance Corporal] Tarr.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT 1645 hrs Private T Seville died in No 90 General Hospital as a result of a gunshot wound to the knee.

4 November 1942: 8th Army Breaks Axis Lines

Panzer tanks in Cyrenaica

Malta troops today heard the news that the 2^nd Battle of El Alamein has been won by the Allies. Sources in North Africa report that the 8^th Army has broken through in the Middle East. The Axis losses of men and equipment is so great that Rommel has ordered his Afrika Korps into full retreat.

The skies over Malta remained silent throughout the day, giving the Island time to reflect on the significance of this major step forward in the war in the Mediterranean.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 4 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 5 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Mainly fine.

No air raids.

0600-0710 hrs Four Spitfires 126 Squadron were airborne to provide cover for Beaufighters on anti E-boat patrol. No enemy aircraft are seen.

Military casualties Flying Officer Harold Bardsley, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR); Flight Sergeant Geoffrey Green, Royal Air Force; Sergeant Ernest Jones, RAF VR; Pilot Officer Edward Sleigh, Royal Air Force; Sergeant Thomas Millar, RAF VR; Sergeant John Ritchie, RAF VR; Warrant Officer Joseph Keough, Royal Canadian Air Force, all 210 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 4 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Turbulent was swept in by Rye, who later swept out HM Submarines Pandora and Turbulent – the last two of the twelve submarines sailing to take up position for a major forthcoming operation in the Mediterranean. No mines have yet been swept in the areas where the E boats were operating on the past two nights.

AIR HQ Departures Two Wellingtons to Gianaclis.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron on photographic reconnaissance of east Sicilian aerodromes and Catania harbour.

TA QALI 229 Squadron stood down.

5 November 1942: Axis Armies Taken Prisoner

Italians led into captivity at El Alamein

Having broken through the enemy’s position on the El Alamein line, the Eighth Army have continued in pursuit of Rommel’s forces throughout today. The Allies have taken large numbers of Axis prisoners were taken and seized vast quantities of motor transport equipment and stores. The German rearguards have attempted a delaying action with fighting southwest of the Fuka escarpment.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 5 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 6 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Fine to fair.

1530-1557 hrs Air raid alert for 15 enemy fighters which cross the coast on a sweep. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa join other fighters engaging the enemy: F/Lt Burgess damages one ME 109.

1929-1942 hrs One Cant Z 1007 approaches the Island at 20000 feet and drops bombs in the sea over Comino Channel and St Paul’s Bay. Beaufighter pilot S/Ldr Pain of 89 Squadron is airborne to intercept and shoots down the bomber in flames. Two Italians are taken prisoner by the Gozo Patrol, 1^st Bn King’s Own Malta Regiment. One of them is wounded and admitted to 45 General Hospital; the other is handed over to the Camp Commander at St Andrew’s.

2250-2331 hrs Two enemy bombers approach the Island and drop bombs in the sea off St Paul’s Bay and Grand Harbour. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagements.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 5 NOVEMBER 1942

AIR HQ Arrivals Six Wellingtons from LG 224; one Wellington from Gianaclis; one DC 3 from LG 224; two Beaufighters from Middle East. Departures One DC3, one Liberator to LG 224.

HAL FAR Night The ASV Swordfish was dispatched to provide illumination for an attack on E boats by Beaufighters. The Swordfish located and illuminated the enemy vessels but the Beaufighter strike did not make contact.

LUQA Seven Spitfires 69 Squadron were airborne for photo-reconnaissance.

6 November 1942: Four New Squadrons in Malta

Two new Beaufighter Squadrons are now to operate from Malta. The first aircraft of 227 and 272 Squadrons arrived today to prepare for operations. 13 Beaufighters of 227 Squadron and 16 of 272 Squadron landed safely from the Middle East ready to begin operations immediately. They were joined by 13 Beauforts of 39 Squadron which also arrived from the Middle East.

104 Squadron Vickers Wellington Mk II

Detachments of 40 Squadron and 104 Squadrons RAF have been posted to Malta. The Wellington medium bomber squadrons which form 238 Bomber Wing are to operate from Luqa aerodrome for the time being as part of the Allied offensive in North Africa. Eight Vickers Wellington II aircraft of 104 Squadron, whose motto is ‘Strike hard’, have already arrived and more are expected imminently. The policy is for 32 aircraft to be operational whenever possible.

Three other RAF squadrons in Malta were increased today with the arrival of 13 Beauforts from 39 Squadron, 13 Beaufighters 227 Squadron, 16 Beaufighters 272 Squadron from the Middle East.

SUB BRINGS STORES IN LATEST CLUB RUN

HM Submarine Porpoise arrived today, carrying further supplies of aviation fuel, plus general stores and mail for Malta. Porpoise sailed from Beirut last Thursday for this latest submarine delivery of urgent stores for the Island, known as ‘club runs’.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 6 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 7 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Fair early, becoming cloudy.

1112-1200 hrs Air raid alert as 36 enemy fighters approach the Island at great height. Spitfires of 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled and intercept the raiders well to the north and again over the Island but the enemy escapes engagement. Five Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are also scrambled to intercept. They are jumped by ME 109s, break formation and return to base. One Spitfire is slightly damaged in combat: pilot unhurt. Half the raiders cross the coast: Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds – no claims.

1420 hrs Spitfires of 126 Squadron Luqa patrol over Malta through the afternoon.

1545-1630 hrs Sixteen Beaufighters 272 Squadron land at Ta Qali.

1645-1740 hrs Six Spitfires 229 Squadron on intercept patrol: no sightings.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 6 NOVEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Porpoise arrived and was swept in by Speedy.

AIR HQ Arrivals 13 Beauforts from 39 Squadron, 13 Beaufighters 227 Squadron, 16 Beaufighters 272 Squadron from Middle East; one Beaufighter from photo-reconnaissance 69 Squadron; one Beaufighter from 89 Squadron; three Baltimores from LG 227; five Spitfires, one Liberator from Gibraltar; one Wellington from Gianaclis. Aircraft casualties One Beaufort ran into a bomb crater: crew uninjured. One Beaufighter crashed on landing: crew uninjured. One Wellington missing in transit from LG 224 to Malta.

HAL FAR 185 Squadron released. 1527 hrs; 1603 hrs Two Beauforts arrived.

LUQA Six Spitfires 69 Squadron carried out photo-reconnaissance of Naples, Palermo, Trapani, Taranto, Augusto, Brindisi and Messina. Six Wellingtons 69 Squadron carrying torpedoes were sent on reconnaissance for enemy naval units: no sightings.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS Personnel of Bn engaged on co-operational duties with RAF at Luqa aerodrome 0400-1900 hrs: 2 Officers 80 Other Ranks penmen & maintenance Spitfires; 2 Officers 100 Other Ranks GD bombing & refuelling Wellingtons; 2 Other Ranks GD Baltimores; 1 Officer 33 Other Ranks GD Beaufighters; 36 Other Ranks armament assistants.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT Private T Seville buried at Imtarfa Cemetery.

2^nd Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT 9 trucks, 1 motor-cycle, 1 Officer and 20 Other Ranks reported for fatigue duties on Ta Qali.

7 November 1942: Aviation Fuel Enough For 4 Weeks

MOST SECRET TELEGRAM

From: Governor Malta To: Air Ministry Rptd: Cs in C Middle East, Brigadier Jacob, Foreign Secretary, First Sea Lord

1. Stock of aviation fuel remaining 7^th November was 1187 tons. This includes receipts by submarine and a quantity of DTD 224 used for blending and mixing with 100 octane.

2. Expenditure week ending 7^th November was 286 tons.

SITUATION REPORT WEEK ENDING 7 NOVEMBER 1942

Two nursing sisters injured in bombing of Imtarfa

From: Governor & C in C Malta To: C in C Middle East Rpt: The War Office

1. Enemy air activity reduced: three raidless days, seven alerts, total 160 fighters and fighter bombers. Few bombs on aerodromes. RAF destroyed one fighter, damaged one. Small arms destroyed one fighter.

2. Total 13 aircraft of which five only crossed the coast. Slight damage civilian property and Imtarfa military hospital. Two sisters QAIMNS, 15 civilians injured; seven civilians killed. One Cant destroyed by Beaufighter: two Italian prisoners.

3. Offensive activity by RAF against convoys continues. One merchant vessel, one tanker hit. One Beaufighter on patrol Sicily destroyed one JU 88.

4. Some E boat activity off Grand Harbour on four nights; probably minelaying.

5. RAF heavily reinforced for Operation Torch and army providing approximately 1700 personnel for maintenance of aerodromes and servicing aircraft.

6. Morale very high on account of successes in western desert.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 7 NOVEMBER TO DAWN 8 NOVEMBER 1942

Weather Cloudy, becoming fine.

No air raids.

0840-0915 hrs Four Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled: raid does not materialise.

1115-1155 hrs Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are airborne on patrol over Malta at 20000 feet: no enemy aircraft seen.

1430-1530 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are airborne on intercept patrol: no sightings.

2015 hrs Two Beaufighters 89 Squadron Luqa are sent on patrol over western Sicily. One Beaufighter sights a JU 88 and shoots it down into the sea. The other Beaufighter fails to return.

Military casualties Flight Sergeant Lincoln Craig, Royal New Zealand Air Force, pilot; Sergeant Keith Donald, Royal New Zealand Air Force, air gunner; Flight-Sergeant Herbert Earney, Royal New Zealand Air Force; Sergeant Oliver Holmes, air gunner, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR); Flying Officer Samuel Morrison, Royal Air Force (VR); all 104 Squadron, RAF. Flight Sergeant Alistair Paterson, Royal Australian Air Force.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 7 NOVEMBER 1942

AIR HQ Arrivals Five Beauforts 39 Squadron from Mariut; one Liberator, two DC 3s, four Wellingtons from LG 224; one Wellington from Middle East. Departures One Liberator to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Wellington crashed on land: crew killed. One Beaufighter failed to return from operations: crew missing.

LUQA Aircraft of 40 Squadron arrived. Nine Spitfires 69 Squadron on photo-reconnaissance morning and afternoon. Wellingtons of 69 Squadron and 104 Squadron were sent on shipping searches in Marittimo-Cavoli area: no shipping sighted.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS Personnel of Bn engaged with RAF at Luqa aerodrome as for 6 November.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT During the week 1-7^th November the Bn has found working parties at Hal Far: 2 impressed lorries and 4 Other Ranks for crater-filling; 1 motor-cycle and 1 Other Ranks as special D/R.

2^nd Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT 9 trucks, 1 motor-cycle, 1 Officer and 20 Other Ranks reported for fatigue duties on Ta Qali.

All written content © maltagc70 unless otherwise attributed. For conditions of use contact bdmalta@btinternet.com

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Posted by maltagc70 on November 7, 2022 in 1942, November 1942

Tags: 104 Squadron, 126 Squadron, 1435 Squadron, 185 Squadron, 210 Squadron, 229 Squadron, 249 Squadron, 40 Squadron, 69 Squadron, 89 Squadron, El Alamein, Empire Patrol, Malta, Royal Canadian Air Force, Royal Naval Air Service, war diary, World War Two

25-31 October 1942: Turning Point in War Over Malta

31 Oct

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25 October 1942: Enemy Air Attacks Declining

JU 88 bombers have gone from Malta’s skies

The enemy’s latest attempt to neutralise Malta appears to have lost momentum. It is now two weeks since Axis forces launched heaviest bombing raids since April. In that time some 350 aircraft have been destroyed or damaged by the Island’s defenders – including forty bombers. Despite the concentration of bombs aimed at the three airfields, none of the runways has been put out of action for more than 30 minutes.

Since 18 October no twin-engined aircraft have approached the Island and attacks have been limited to ‘tip and run’ raids – often at high level – by heavily escorted fighter bombers. Their only advantage has been provided by frequent heavy cloud over the Island, which has allowed the few successful raiders to get through, and provided cover for those attempting to escape Malta’s fighters.

During today the enemy carried out fighter sweeps and four fighter bomber raids on Ta Qali, Hal Far and Luqa. 140 raiders were involved in attacks, which were launched at heights ranging from 12000 to 3000 feet. Fighters are now adopting a new tactic of receding at sea level to escape interception by the Island’s Spitfires. There were no night air raids.

RAIDS DAWN 25 OCTOBER TO DAWN 26 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Mainly fine: fair late evening.

0600-0720 hrs Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are airborne for a raid which does not materialise.

0721-0800 hrs Air raid alert for 25 enemy fighters including ME 109 fighter bombers approaching the Island. Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept but are attacked by enemy fighters out of the sun: no claims. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are also scrambled and engage the raiders north of Gozo: F/Lt Smith destroys one ME 109; Sgt Hughes probably destroys another. The fighter bombers are forced to jettison their bombs in the sea. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

0815-0850 hrs Air raid alert for 17 plus enemy fighters and fighter bombers approaching the Island. Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: F/Lt Parkinson damages one Macchi 202. Most of the raiders cross the coast and bombs are dropped on Luqa and Ta Qali.

As enemy fighters turn away from the airfield they machine-gun Heavy Ack Ack gun positions. One ME 109 is destroyed by small arms fire and Light Ack Ack and crashes on the edge of the aerodrome. One ME 109 is destroyed by Light and Heavy Ack Ack guns off Delimara by Height Control shooting at 18000 feet. Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Tal Qali are also airborne and chase enemy fighters to within 20 miles of Sicily but cannot engage them.

0925-0951 hrs Air raid alert for 15 enemy fighters and fighter bombers which cross the coast, dropping bombs on Hal Far. Eight Spitfires are scrambled from Hal Far to intercept but were unable to do so due to the enemy’s superior speed. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1110-1200 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1238 hrs Air raid alert as 25 enemy fighters and fighter bombers approach Malta. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept: no claims. Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are also scrambled and attempt to engage two Macchi 202s which turn and flee. The Spitfires chase them to ten miles off the coast of Sicily but are unable to catch them.

1234 hrs The remaining raiders, about half, cross the coast and drop bombs on Luqa, destroying one Beaufighter and damaging a Spitfire on the ground. Gun position XHB 7 of 4^th Heavy Ack Ack Regt RA destroys one ME 109. Two ME 109 fighter bombers are engaged at 2500 feet by two guns of 225 Light Ack Ack Battery.

1248 hrs Four fighter bombers drop bombs on the Safi strip, Kirkop and Mqabba village areas.

1300 hrs Raiders passed.

1350-1445 hrs Five Spitfires 249 Squadron on intercept patrol (one returns early): no sightings.

1415-1530 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron, then four 249 Squadron are on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1517 hrs Air raid alert for the approach of 50 ME 109s and Macchi 202s with fighter bombers. Ten Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: no claims. One Spitfire and pilot, Sgt Park, are missing. Seven Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept and see three ME 109s but the raiders are too high and distant to intercept. Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are also scrambled but fail in their attempt to engage the enemy aircraft, some of which jettison their bombs in the sea. Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled and attack Macchi fighters but are jumped from above by other fighters acting as cover: no claims or losses. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims. Some raiders cross the coast and drop bombs on Luqa.

1600 hrs D Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a plane crashed in the sea on the horizon.

1620 hrs All clear.

1715-1750 hrs Two Spitfires 126 Squadron are airborne to search for the missing dinghy of Sgt Park but find nothing.

1825-2115 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa takes up the search for the missing dinghy: nothing is found.

1940 hrs D Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a green verey light 4-5 miles out to sea.

2330-0100 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron is scrambled for a reported raid which does not materialise: no enemy aircraft seen.

Military casualties Sergeant George Bushnell, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve; Flying Officer Richard Bendwig, Royal Canadian Air Force; Flying Officer Millard Liebeck, Royal Canadian Air Force; Pilot Officer Nigel Park, Royal New Zealand Air Force, 126 Squadron; Flying Officer Fred Wickstrom, Royal Canadian Air Force.

Civilian casualties Nil.

Enemy casualties Oberleutnant Richard Eckhardt, pilot of a Messerchmitt Bf109 fighter.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 25 OCTOBER 1942

P 35 HMS Umbra

ROYAL NAVY Speedy swept P 35 in from patrol: the submarine returned to Malta after a four day patrol in which a heavily leaden merchant ship which had beached itself near Homs as a result of an air attack was further damaged by two torpedo hits.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Spitfires, one Hudson, one Liberator from Gibraltar; one DC 3 from LG 224. Departures Two Beauforts, one DC 3 to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire failed to return to base: pilot missing. One Beaufort missing in transit between Malta and LG 224, believed shot down by enemy aircraft: pilot missing.

HAL FAR One Special Swordfish and one Albacore were sent on anti-submarine patrol north of Homs: nothing seen.

LUQA One Baltimore 69 Squadron carried out a search for enemy shipping to the east of Benghazi. One Spitfire 69 Squadron carried out photo-reconnaissance of Cagliari.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Winter Dress came into use today.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT A and B Companies beach post firing at towed target.

26 October 1942: Malta Bombers Back On The Attack

Wellington bomber

Malta bombers have carried out their first attack on an enemy convoy since last Monday night. Reports were received from reconnaissance aircraft of a southbound convoy off the west coast of Greece and tonight three special Wellingtons of 69 Squadron were sent to attack.

One aircraft returned unserviceable after 14 minutes but the other two pressed on towards the target area. One of the Wellingtons located the convoy of one tanker and one merchant vessel, both about 5000 tons, 18 miles to the south west of Antipaxos. The aircraft then lost visibility and had to abandon the attack, bringing its torpedo back to base. But the third Wellington was able to close in on the convoy and dropped two 1000 lb bombs. Results are not yet confirmed.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 26 OCTOBER TO DAWN 27 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Showery.

0629-0742 hrs One Hurricane from Hal Far searches for a dinghy 8-10 miles north west of Gozo. A body is seen floating in an uninflated dinghy. The Hurricane has to return to base due to an incoming air raid.

0654-0750 hrs Air raid alert for 35 enemy fighters including fighter bombers approaching the Island. Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept and see six ME 109s but they are too distant to engage. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are also scrambled: P/O McLennan destroys one ME 109. One Spitfire is damaged in combat: pilot unhurt. About half the raiders are intercepted by Malta fighters north of the Island and turn back. The remainder cross the coast and bombs are dropped on Ta Qali. Heavy Ack Ack fire. One ME 109 is destroyed. One Spitfire is damaged in combat: pilot unjurt.

0813-0939 hrs The Hurricane from Hal Far returns to the area where the pilot earlier spotted the dinghy but finds nothing. The High Speed Launch is seen in the same area.

1039-1120 hrs Air raid alert for the approach of 35 enemy fighters and fighter bombers. Six Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept but do not engage. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are also scrambled and engage the first wave of raiders north of the Island: F/L Rolls probably destroys one ME 109. As incoming waves of raiders attempt to cross the coast the Spitfires force them to split up: a few get through to drop bombs near Luqa airfield. Heavy Ack Ack fire and two ME 109 fighter bombers are engaged at 3000 feet by two guns of 225 Light Ack Ack Battery.

1410-1535 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1515-1537 hrs Air raid alert for the approach of 40 enemy fighters and fighter bombers, including six bomb-carrying ME 109s. Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept but sight nothing. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron are also scrambled and intercept the raiders over the Island: P/O Walton destroys one ME 109; S/L Lovell damages another. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Bombs are dropped near Birzebbuga, Hal Far and Ghar Dalam, where an Ack Ack ammunition dump is hit by a bomb. 60 boxes of ammunition are damaged and the dump is set on fire. The blaze is quickly extinguished by Sgt Willis and other personnel of D Company, 1^st Bn Devonshire Regt and of A Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Reg under Captain Lovering, as well as Royal Artillery personnel.

Night No air raids.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

HMS Hebe

OPERATIONS REPORTS MONDAY 26 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Hebe swept P 212 returning from an uneventful patrol in the Cape Dukato area.

AIR HQ Departures One Hudson, one Liberator to Gibraltar; one Wellington to Shallufa.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron was sent on a shipping search of Pantelleria and Kerkenna.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY B Company took over coast patrol and Tal Virtu observation post.

27 October 1942: RAF Sink Rommel’s Hopes For El Alamein

“The desert was quivering with heat. The gun detachments and the platoons squatted in their pits and trenches, the sweat running in rivers down their dust-caked faces. There was a terrible stench. The flies swarmed in black clouds upon the dead bodies and excreta and tormented the wounded. The place was strewn with burning tanks and carriers, wrecked guns and vehicles, and over all drifted the smoke and the dust from bursting high explosives and from the blasts of guns.” (1)

British troops on the move in North Africa

Axis hopes of gaining supremacy in the North African suffered a double blow today thanks to Allied forces. Torpedo bombers of 42 Squadron RAF sank an oil tanker at Tobruk, destroying Rommel’s last hope for much-needed fuel supplies. The Axis sea convoy comprised three merchant ships with four escorting destroyers and escorting planes overhead. Allied heavy and light bombers and torpedo planes attacked relentlessly in the face of terrific fire from the destroyers. Only one of the supply ships escaped. A large merchantman blew up and the tanker was set on fire and sank. The sinking follows several successful attacks on tankers by Malta-based air forces. The German Field Marshal, who arrived back in North Africa on Sunday to resume command of Axis forces, now has only three days’ fuel to supply his armies.

Meanwhile the Allies scored an important victory over enemy tanks at El Alamein. Having battled throughout the day against two counter-offensives by Rommel’s forces, this afternoon they repulsed a determined attack by Axis Panzer divisions, destroying 22 German and 10 Italian tanks before the remainder gave up.

QRENDI STRIP DEVELOPS

Troops building aircraft pens

200 servicemen are now employed building new pens at Qrendi strip. The pens will add to the facilities at the recently-opened air strip, significantly extend the capacity for aircraft based on Malta. The construction work increases the already significant contribution made by the Army to air operations on the Island. Following the recent increased enemy bombardment, 1000 soldiers are now assisting the RAF in the maintenance of aerodromes, servicing and refuelling aircraft.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 27 OCTOBER TO DAWN 28 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fine: excellent visibility early; electric storm early morning.

0703-0722 hrs Air raid alert for 24 enemy fighters including six ME 109 fighter bombers approaching Malta. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and engage raiders 15 miles north of the Island: S/Ldr Woods and P/O McCoy each damage one ME 109. Four Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are also scrambled: no claims. The remaining raiders cross the coast and approach Ta Qali from the east, dropping bombs on the airfield from a height of 10000 feet. Heavy and Light Ack Ack engage: no claims.

0740-0845 hrs Eight Spitfires Hal Far are airborne on intercept patrol: no enemy aircraft seen.

1013-1104 hrs Air raid alert as 60 ME 109s and Macchi 202s including several ME 109 fighter bombers approach the coast in several waves. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron, four Spitfires 249 Squadron and eight 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept but the enemy takes strong evasive action: no claims. One Spitfire is damaged in combat: pilot slightly injured. High explosives including delayed action bombs are dropped on Luqa and the Safi strip from about 14000 feet. One aircraft is destroyed on the ground and another damaged. One ME 109 is probably destroyed by Light Ack Ack.

1457-1518 hrs Air raid alert as 40 ME 109s and Macchi 202s including fighter bombers approach the Island at great height. Seven Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and successfully attack 25 fighters and fighter bombers, which they force to jettison their bombs in the sea. F/Lt McElroy damages one Macchi 202. The raiders turn back at speed, along with the majority of their escort. One Spitfire is damaged: pilot slightly injured. Eight Spitfires Hal Far are also airborne but see no enemy aircraft. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds.

Night No air raids.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 27 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY The area between Grand Harbour and St Julian’s Bay was swept on 27th October by the 3rd ML Flotilla, prior to divers working on the submarine telegraph cables. Three mines were disposed of bringing the total destroyed by this flotilla to 100.

AIR HQ Departures One DC 3 to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire damaged in enemy action crash-landed: pilot injured.

1^st Bn DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT AM GOC watched an exercise incorporating practice landings from motorized landing craft.

28 October 1942: Operation Train Brings Reinforcements

HMS Furious

The fast minelayer HMS Welshman also sailed with the convoy carrying emergency supplies for Malta.

ATTACK ON SUBMARINE BASE KILLS THREE

A dive bombing attack on Malta’s submarine base this morning killed three civilians in Sliema. The raid was the second attempted strike at the base today – the first was beaten off by Malta fighters before the enemy aircraft reached the Island.

The air raid alert just before 9.30 am heralded a second attack by 30 raiders which approached the Island at 27000 feet. Among them were a dozen ME 109 fighter bombers which swooped down to 12000 feet and then into a shallow dive as they crossed the coast towards their objective in Marsamxetto harbour. Spitfires engage the raiders as they are still in their dive, causing several to jettison their bombs. However several bombs did fall on Tigne Barracks, Sliema and Gzira, where three civilians were killed. Civilian property was also damaged in the raid.

HMS Welshman

The Island was spared a third air raid as the enemy aircraft turned back before coming within 10 miles of the coast.

MALTA WELLINGTONS SINK ANOTHER AXIS TANKER

“The AOC sends personal congratulations to 69 Squadron on its brilliantly executed torpedo attack on the enemy convoy on the night of 28/29^th October.”

A very successful attack was carried out tonight against an enemy convoy off the Greek coast. A reconnaissance Baltimore had earlier reported a convoy of one tanker and a merchant vessel, escorted by three destroyers, off Sapienza. Three Wellingtons 69 Squadron, one carrying bombs and one carrying torpedoes, were sent to locate and attack the vessels. The bomb-carrying Wellington returned early with engine trouble and crash-landed, having jettisoned its bombs in the sea.

The other two Wellingtons sighted a tanker and a merchant vessel and went in for the attack. Pilot Officer Matthews scored a direct hit on the merchant vessel with a torpedo. Pilot Officer Donkersley arrived on the scene at 2252 hours and found no trace of the merchant vessel. He aimed his bombs at the tanker, setting it ablaze from stem to stern. A reconnaissance aircraft inspecting the area later found nothing but wreckage, oil streaks and a half-submerged barrage balloon.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 28 OCTOBER TO DAWN 29 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fine; cloudy late evening.

0625-0735 hrs; 0635-0820 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali then eight from Hal Far on intercept patrol: no sightings.

0716-0734 hrs Air raid alert sounds for 40 enemy fighters approaching Malta. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa and nine of 249 Squadron are scrambled and intercept the main formation to the north of the Island. The Spitfires attempt an engagement from above but the enemy fighters disperse into the clouds and out of sight before heading back to Sicily: no claims.

0924-1001 hrs Air raid alert as 30 enemy fighters and fighter bombers approach the Island. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept and fire short bursts at raiders as they head towards Grand Harbour, causing several to drop their bombs. Seven Spitfires 229 Squadron and eight 249 Squadron Ta Qali are also scrambled but do not engage. P/O Giddings 249 Squadron crashes on take-off and is admitted to hospital with a fractured arm. The remaining raiders cross the coast and drop bombs on Sliema, Gzira and Tigne Barracks area causing damage to property and civilian casualties. Heavy and Light Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1045-1140 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1233-1247 hrs Air raid alert for enemy fighters approaching the Island. Four Spitfires from Hal Far are conducting a practice flight when they see two ME 109s: they turn to engage but the enemy aircraft evade action. All the fighters recede before coming within 10 miles of the Island but then recede.

1335-1500 hrs Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron are on intercept patrol: no sightings.

Military casualties Chargeman E Wright, HM Dockyard.

Civilian casualties Gzira Ritz Falzon, age 19; Carmela Micallef, age 42; Vincenza Rice, age 40.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 28 OCTOBER 1942

LUQA Spitfires 69 Squadron were despatched on photo-reconnaissance of Navarino, eastern Sicily, Messina, Palermo, Gabini and Pachino.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT 1600 hrs Regiment band playing at Birkirkara.

29 October 1942: German Pilots Sick of Fight For Malta

German aircraft losses dent morale (c) IWM CM 745

The strain of fighting for air supremacy over Malta is clearly beginning to tell on the enemy air forces. “Experienced German pilots who became prisoners of war during this month have admitted to a general distaste among the German air force for fights over Malta. This reluctance is not surprising when it is seen that, in the course of their unsuccessful October offensive, the Axis powers lost 15 air crew for every British pilot lost.” War Diary, Air HQ, Malta October 1942

SPITFIRES AND SUPPLIES

Twenty nine Spitfires were flown off from HMS Furious today and all landed safely at Malta. Two others remained on board the aircraft carrier due to defects. Enemy aircraft made some attempts to intercept the incoming aircraft but continuous cover by Spitfires deterred any serious threat.

At the same time, HMS Welshman detached from the convoy ships to make independent passage to Malta. The fast minelayer carries some 350 tons of much-needed cargo in her holds. Welshman’s exceptionally fast speed has brought her through several supply missions to the Island and the Dockyard is preparing for a fast unload on her arrival. After their successful delivery, Furious and her escort ships turned and set course immediately for Gibraltar.

MALTA FLOTILLA GRABS 100^TH MINE

The Vice Admiral Malta reported that the Third Motor Launch Flotilla in addition to their many other valuable services had swept up their hundredth mine in the approaches to Malta.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 29 OCTOBER TO DAWN 30 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fine; almost cloudless.

0750-0855 hrs Eight Spitfires Hal Far patrol over the Island: no enemy aircraft sighted.

0910-1010 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are on intercept patrol: no sightings.

0956-1120 hrs Air raid alert. 42 enemy fighters approach the Island from the north in five formations of six and three formations of eight aircraft each. They attempt to intercept delivery Spitfires as they come in to land. Malta fighters are airborne but the enemy recede before engaging. The delivery Spitfires land safely.

1020-1125 hrs Seven Spitfires Hal Far patrol over Grand Harbour area: no enemy aircraft sighted.

1100-1230 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1232-1310 hrs Air raid alert for a small number of enemy fighters on a high fighter sweep. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagements. Heavy and Light Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1339-1345 hrs Eight delivery Spitfires land at Hal Far.

1849-1910 hrs Air raid alert for two enemy aircraft which approach the Island at 22-25000 feet and drop bombs in the sea three miles north of the Island. One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa patrols to the north of Malta but sees nothing.

Military casualties Flight Sergeant Walter Parks, Royal Australian Air Force.

Civilian casualties Naxxar Emanuel Grech, age 52.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 29 OCTOBER 1942

AIR HQ Aircraft casualties Two Spitfires crashed into construction on taking off: one pilot injured, one killed.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron was sent on photo-reconnaissance over western Sicily and Pantelleria. One Spitfire 69 Squadron was sent on photo-reconnaissance of enemy shipping in the area Cape Ducato, Cape St Maria di Leuca and Taranto. Two special Wellingtons 69 Squadron were sent to attack an enemy convoy sighted by a photo-reconnaissance Spitfire but did not find it.

30 October 1942: RAF Win Latest Battle For Skies Over Malta

B flight RAF 249 Squadron Malta July 42

The skies fell silent over Malta today. The absence of air raids is an indication that the RAF has finally secured air supremacy over the Island after the failure of the latest enemy bombing campaign. With strong fighter escort and a small number of bombers, the enemy has tried to neutralise the aerodromes in order to protect the passage of important convoys to Tripolitania and Libya.

During daylight in October the enemy flew a total of about 250 bomber and 3500 fighter and fighter-bomber sorties against Malta. Spitfires definitely destroyed a total of 49 bombers and 78 fighters. By night during the month Beaufighters of 89 Squadron made a total of 61 sorties including 15 intruder patrols over enemy aerodromes and harbours. Five enemy night bombers were destroyed. Malta’s losses were 38 aircraft destroyed, mainly Spitfires.

The policy adopted by the RAF of intercepting the enemy north of the island has proved eminently successful. The enemy reverted to high flying tactics using cloud cover; some damage was done to the aerodromes but without any serious impact. Finding these tactics too costly, the enemy has now left Malta well alone.

AMMUNITION USE AND FUEL RATIONING TIGHTENED

Heavy Ack Ack Brigades have issued orders restricting the firing pattern of anti-aircraft positions. From today, only guns in certain strategic positions may engage enemy fighter aircraft, and then only by pointers. However, all gun positions will continue to engage any enemy aircraft clearly identified as bomb-carrying.

Petrol economies are also now being strictly enforced across all Services in Malta as fuel shortages continue to concern the Island’s commanders.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 30 OCTOBER TO DAWN 31 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Variable becoming fine: cloudless evening.

0740-0830 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1350-1450 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali on intercept patrol: no sightings.

Night No air raids.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

HMS Rorqual

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 30 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY HMS Rorqual arrived with stores from Beirut, swept in by Rye.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Liberators from Gibraltar.

HAL FAR 1640-1735 hrs Four Spitfires carried out a reconnaissance patrol over south east Sicily while four others provided cover for their return.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron was despatched on photo-reconnaissance of Tripoli.

31 October 1942: 14 Attacks On Axis Convoys

AIR RAID STATISTICS OCTOBER 1942

Total number of alerts to date 3135
Total number of alerts this month 152
Number of blank days 2
Number of night raids 41
Raid free nights 19
Alerts for own planes 7
Total time from air raid alert to raiders passed 4 days, 2 hrs, 11 mins
Average length of alert 38.2 mins
P 246 HMS Statesman

ROYAL NAVY SUMMARY FOR OCTOBER

Twenty seven attacks were carried out from Malta during the month, fourteen of which were successful. Three were against merchant ships already beached after air attacks. Ten merchant vessels, aggregating 23900 tons were sunk as well as one fleet destroyer, a tug, and two schooners. The strength of the Flotilla was brought up to eleven operational submarines by the arrival of P 212 on 9th October and of P 246 on the 19th.

Four submarines continued store-carrying trips to Malta with petrol and vital supplies from Gibraltar and Beirut. The First and Tenth Submarine Flotillas carried out many brilliant attacks on Axis convoys and shipping running to Libya. An attack on a heavily escorted southbound convoy of one tanker and three merchant ships bound for Tripoli by five submarines off Pantellaria was particularly noteworthy. Albacore and Swordfish aircraft made many attacks before the convoy ran into the submarine concentration. P 211 sank one merchant vessel, stopped after air attack, P 37 sank a destroyer and one merchant vessel in the convoy, and it possible that P 42 also damaged a merchant vessel. The latter was very accurately counterattacked and damaged, and force to return to Malta.

SITUATION REPORT WEEK ENDING OCTOBER 31

From: Governor & C in C Malta To: C in C Middle East Rptd: The War Office

1. Enemy air activity on a much reduced scale. 16 alerts. Total 290 Spitfire sorties against 650 enemy sorties. No alerts after 1300 hrs 29 October. Raids consisted of fighter bombers heavily escorted. Many jettisoned their bombs in the sea. A few bombs on the aerodromes. Ack Ack dump was set on fire and extinguished by soldiers. Spitfires destroyed three ME 109s, one Macchi 202; probably destroyed two ME 109s; damaged three ME 109s and one Macchi 202. Ack Ack destroyed two ME 109s; probably destroyed one ME 109. Photo reconnaissance shows a general decrease 100 enemy aircraft in Sicily but an increase on western aerodromes, particularly JU 84 (or 87)s.

2. Eight Wellington sorties against enemy convoys. One tanker and one merchant vessel sunk. Two 1000 lb bombs aimed at a vessel, believed a tanker: results unobserved.

3. Army working parties total about 600 on aerodromes and 200 men building the new Qrendi landing strip. Minor combined operations training being carried out with MLCS.

4. Military damage negligible.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 31 OCTOBER TO DAWN 1 NOVEMBER 1942

0755-0830 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali on intercept patrol: no raid materialised; no sightings.

1100-1135 hrs Four Spitfires Hal Far are scrambled to intercept a possible approaching air raid which does not materialise.

1630 hrs The regimental band and drums of 2^nd Bn Royal West Kent Regiment Beat the Retreat at Sliema. His Excellency the Governor and GOC Troops is in attendance.

Military casualties Private Raymond Hurley, 2nd Battalion, Queen’s Own Royal West Kent Regiment; Lance Corporal Gerald Tarr, 1st Battalion, Cheshire Regiment.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 31 OCTOBER 1942

AIR HQ Arrivals One DC 3 from Middle East. Departures One Liberator to Gibraltar; one Liberator to LG 224.

HAL FAR 0630-0735 hrs Four Spitfires patrolled over south east Sicily: nothing sighted. 2135-0235 hrs One special Swordfish and two strike Albacores searched for shipping between Tripoli and Homs: no sightings.

1^st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT Lance Corporal G A Tarr fell down a 30 foot well in Valletta and was killed.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT During the period 22-31 October the Battalion has found two impressed lorries, one motor-cycle and five Other Ranks for work in Hal Far aerodrome. During daylight two twin Lewis guns have been manned in anti-aircraft defence of the Safi strip.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT Private Hurley, A Company, died from multiple injuries caused by falling masonry.

FORTRESS ROYAL ENGINEERS Bomb Disposal UXB Reported 11. Dealt with: 9 High Explosives (3 x 250kg; 7 x 50kg); 173 anti-personnel bombs; 1 oil incendiary.

(1) Alamein, Cecil Ernest Lucas-Phillips, Little Brown & Co, Boston, 1962

All written content © maltagc70 unless otherwise attributed. For conditions of use contact bdmalta@btinternet.com

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Posted by maltagc70 on October 31, 2022 in 1942, October 1942

Tags: 126 Squadron, 1435 Squadron, 185 Squadron, 229 Squadron, 249 Squadron, 3rd Minelaying Flotilla, 69 Squadron, 89 Squadron, bomb disposal, Devonshire Regiment, Dorsetshire Regiment, El Alamein, HMS Welshman, Malta, Royal Artillery, Royal Australian Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force, Royal Engineers, submarine flotilla, war diary, World War Two

18-24 October 1942: Malta Key to El Alamein Offensive

24 Oct

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“The rugged and indomitable courage of the people of Malta have been an inspiration and encouragement to the Empire.” Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet Admiral Sir John Tovey announcing a gift of £1755 from the Home Fleet to the Malta Relief Fund

18 October 1942: Petrol Running Out

Troops use cycles to save petrol (NWMA Malta)

Military chiefs met today in Valletta to discuss how to manage the rapidly decreasing fuel supplies on the Island. Officers from all Army units were called to attend a Petrol Economy Conference held at the Castille. With no immediate prospect of a convoy reaching Malta, the conference focused on ways of rationing fuel use in order to conserve existing stocks. All possible methods of saving petrol were discussed and several measures decided on, which will be put into operation immediately.

THREE AXIS SUPPLY SHIPS HIT IN RAF AND NAVY ATTACKS

This afternoon a photo-reconnaissance Spitfire sighted two merchant vessels with a 5-6000 ton tanker and one 3-4000 ton merchant vessel with seven destroyers to the west of Sicily, heading southwards. Two Swordfish and one Albacore aircraft were despatched to make a night attack but failed to locate the primary target. They came upon a single merchant vessel of 4-5000 tons 40 miles north west of Pantelleria and attacked with a single torpedo, scoring a direct hit on the stern. The merchantman was last seen down by the stern and going round in circles.

Reconnaissance aircraft also spotted the merchant vessel which was attacked last Wednesday night, beached near Homs. A Swordfish and an Albacore were despatched to make another attack. The Albacore launched one torpedo by the light of flares dropped by the Swordfish but bad visibility prevented the observation of results.

In another offensive mission tonight, four Wellingtons of 69 Squadron Luqa were despatched to attack an 8000 ton tanker escorted by two destroyers, 50 miles east of Point Stilo. Three Wellingtons found the convoy and attacked, one torpedo hitting the tanker’s port bow and causing a red flash. Four 500 lb and two 1000 lb bombs were also dropped but the results were not observed.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 18 OCTOBER TO DAWN 19 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fog over the sea in the morning; light showers morning and evening.

0622-1010 hrs Two Hurricanes Royal Navy Air Service search off Grand Harbour for a missing dinghy but find nothing.

0701-0738 hrs Air raid alert for about 50 enemy fighters approaching the Island, escorting seven bombers. Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled to intercept. Six ME 109s engage them, splitting up the Squadron formation. P/O Reid probably destroys one ME 109. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are also scrambled to intercept: F/Sgt Mortimer (126 Squadron) destroys one ME 109. The enemy bombers turn back while still 15 miles north of the Island and only the fighters come near, some crossing the coast. Seven Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali attempt to intercept the fighters, which evade combat. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. One Spitfire is damaged in combat: pilot unhurt.

1006-1106 hrs Air raid alert for 35 enemy fighters including a four bomb-carrying ME 109s approaching the Island. The raid probably includes some JU 88s which turn back before reaching Malta. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa, eight Spitfires Hal Far and seven of 229 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept but do not engage the enemy. Three ME 109s drop six high explosive bombs on Ta Qali aerodrome.

1124-1158 hrs Air raid alert for an approaching formation of 15 enemy fighters and fighter bombers. Seven Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. Bombs are dropped on Luqa, Ta Salib and San Christu Church area. Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1335-1430 hrs Air raid alert for 20 plus enemy fighters and fighter bombers which approach the Island but do not cross the coast. Six Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept and attack two ME 109s: S/Ldr Stephens damages one. There are reports that the fighter bombers break off and return home before reaching Malta.

1547-1701 hrs Air raid alert for 75 plus enemy fighters including some fighter bombers which cross the coast in small groups. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and eight 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: Sgt Hamilton 1435 Squadron damages one ME 109. Eight Spitfires Hal Far, plus four 229 Squadron and eight of 249 Squadron Ta Qali are also scrambled but do not engage. Bombs are dropped on Gharghur and Qrendi strip, and on Luqa, damaging one Wellington on the ground. Ack Ack fire: no claims. One Spitfire of 126 Squadron crashes in a field near Gharghur: the pilot P/O Stevenson is killed.

1836-1936 hrs; 2101-2124 hrs; 2227-2258 hrs; 2347-0027 hrs; 0144-0312 hrs; 0350-0450 hrs Air raid alerts for a total of 12 enemy bombers of which 9 cross the coast. Anti-personnel bombs and incendiaries are dropped on Qawra Point, Birkirkara, Hamrun, the Dockyard and Floriana, and in the sea. Two civilians are killed and three injured in Fleur de Lys. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims. HQ Company and billets of 2^nd Bn Royal West Kent Regiment are sprayed with anti-personnel bombs. Three Beaufighters 89 Squadron are airborne on intercept patrols. One Beaufighter sights an enemy aircraft which takes evasive action and escapes. One Beaufighter on patrol over Sicily attacks and damages a JU 88 over Gerbini.

Military casualties Pilot Officer James Stevenson, Royal Canadian Air Force, 126 Squadron, RAF.

Civilian casualties Birkirkara Anthony Camilleri, age 40; Carmela Gatt, age 45; Paul Parlar, age 62; Doris Spiteri, age 8; Maria Carmela Spiteri, age 6; George Zammit, age 8.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 18 OCTOBER 1942

P 211 HMS Safari

ROYAL NAVY Speedy swept P 211 to sea.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Hudson from Gibraltar; one Liberator from LG 224. Departures Two Hudsons to Gibraltar; one DC3 to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire damaged in combat crash-landed: pilot uninjured. One Spitfire crashed: pilot killed.

LUQA 69 Squadron One Spitfire was despatched on a search for enemy shipping from Messina to Cape Rizzuto. One Baltimore was despatched to search for enemy shipping off the Greek coast. One Spitfire was despatched on search for enemy shipping Cape Spartevento to Cape Rizzo. One Spitfire was despatched on photo-reconnaissance of Sicilian harbours and aerodromes.

10^th HEAVY ACKACK REGIMENT, ROYAL ARTILLERY 2/Lt W J Healy was wounded in action at XHE 25.

10^th Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT D Company takes over guard duties of Wardia crossroads.

19 October 1942: Booby-Trapped Cluster Bombs on Malta

Butterfly bomb

A Sapper of Royal Engineers Bomb Disposal narrowly escaped being blown up today when he encountered a new type of anti-personnel bomb. The Bomb Disposal Section was called out to deal with a number of unexploded German 2kg ‘butterfly’ bombs which have become all too familiar across the Island since June. The Sapper was following normal procedure to check whether or not the bomb was armed when he noted the fuze number which was 67, instead of the normal 41. Instead of going ahead and dealing with the bomb, he withdrew and reported the different fuze number to his Sergeant.

The action would save his life and those of his squad. The Type 67 is a delayed-action fuze: it can be set to blow the bomb at any time from five to thirty minutes after it falls. The bomb can kill up to 25 metres away and injure anyone within 150 metres. Although in this case the maximum time had passed, like any clockwork mechanism, if this one had merely jammed any movement could restart the clock – and then there is no way of knowing how long it has left to run.

From now on, butterfly bombs can no longer be considered relatively harmless if left undisturbed. Any number of them might explode at random, triggering others within range. The public has been told about the new hazard and warned to stay well clear of any suspect objects. With at least thirty reports of unexploded butterfly bombs today alone across civilian and military areas, the RE Bomb Disposal Section is now facing the more complex job of clearing hundreds of potential time bombs.

Adapted from UXB Malta, S A M Hudson, History Press 2010/2012

AXIS CONVOY CANNOT ESCAPE MALTA-BASED ATTACKS

The convoy intended for attack by Swordfish and Albacore aircraft last night was again located and photographed this morning by a reconnaissance Spitfire from Malta, 35 miles north west of Lampedusa.

Despite very bad weather, two Swordfish and two Albacores were despatched tonight to attempt another attack. At 2210 hours they located two merchant vessels and five destroyers which had now reached 53 miles south of Lampedusa. One Swordfish dropped flares allowing the others to launch three torpedoes. At least one scored a hit on a merchant vessel, producing a flash and a thick cloud of smoke which obscured the results of the other three missiles.

An hour later four Wellingtons found two merchant vessels and three destroyers some 50 miles south of Lampion and attacked with bombs and torpedoes. At least one 1000 lb bomb scored a hit on a merchantman. Then at 0328 hours two Swordfish and two Albacores located the tanker and three destroyers, 80 miles north west of Tripoli. Of two torpedoes fired at the convoy, one was seen to hit the tanker, producing a large green flash.

During the night three more sorties were made by Wellingtons, one dropping two 1000 lb bombs near the merchant ship which had been attacked by Swordfish hours before and was now stationary.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 19 OCTOBER TO DAWN 20 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Frequent showers throughout the day, heavy at times during the morning. Lightning very early.

0622-0730 hrs One Hurricane Hal Far on a search: nothing seen.

0623-0652 hrs Air raid alert for 15 plus ME 109 fighter bombers approaching the Island. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept: F/Sgt Scott damages one ME 109. The remaining fighter bombers cross the coast. Two ME 109s dive on Hal Far airfield and drop bombs damaging two Hurricane aircraft on the ground. The runway remains serviceable but 160 gallons of petrol are burned out in a pen. Ack Ack fire: no claims.

0726-0807 hrs Air raid alert for 25 enemy fighters which cross the coast on a high sweep. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds: no claims. Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled to intercept and see six ME 109s to the south of the Island: the enemy evade combat and flee back to base.

0825-1010 hrs One Hurricane Hal Far searches for a missing pilot, five miles east of Zonqor, north of Grand Harbour and over St Paul’s Bay 20 miles: nothing seen.

0957-1018 hrs Air raid alert. 40 plus Italian fighters and ME 109 fighter bombers are reported heading for Malta. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and seven 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept. P/O Walton probably destroys one Re 2001. Eight Spitfires are also scrambled from Hal Far but do not engage. The raiders cross the coast and drop bombs on the Gharghur area and on Salina Bay between the Salt Pans and Salina Battery. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1031-1044 hrs Air raid alert. Three enemy fighters cross the coast at great height, apparently on reconnaissance. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1200-1217 hrs Air raid alert for 30 plus enemy fighters including fighter bombers. Seven Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept and attempt to engage four ME 109 fighter bombers: no claims. Fighter bombers cross the coast and drop bombs on Ta Qali.

1322-1342 hrs Air raid alert for 20 enemy fighters including fighter bombers which come in and drop bombs on Attard. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Eight Spitfires Hal Far are airborne and engage the raiders: Capt Kuhlmann and Sgt Gunstone each damage one ME 109. One Spitfire is damaged in combat and crash-lands: pilot unhurt.

1457-1527 hrs Air raid alert for 40 enemy fighters including several fighter bombers heading for the Island. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa, plus four of 229 Squadron and seven of 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept but the enemy turn away into cloud cover and evade engagement. Several raiders cross the coast and drop bombs on Mosta.

1653-1742 hrs Air raid alert for 40 enemy fighters including ME 109 fighter bombers which drop bombs on the Luqa area and near Mqabba. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims. Eight Spitfires Hal Far plus four Spitfires 229 Squadron and three of 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept: the enemy is sighted on several occasions but make use of clouds to evade engagement.

1759-1852 hrs Air raid alert for an attempted dusk raid by 40 enemy bombers and fighter-bombers which approach the Island in two formations. Two Beaufighters 89 Squadron Luqa with three Spitfires are scrambled to intercept. One formation is engaged 25 miles west of the Island by three Malta aircraft which force the bombers to jettison their bombs in the sea. The same three fighters then intercept the other formation to the east of the Island forcing several to jettison bombs. Only three bombers cross the coast: one JU 88 is pursued by F/Lt Pring of 89 Squadron and destroyed. Bombs are dropped on Luqa and Hal Far aerodromes; delayed action bombs high explosive bombs land near Bir Miftuh Church. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

2115 hrs There is an unconfirmed RDF report of a vessel 063 degrees 13 miles from Fort St Elmo, moving 30 at knots from west to east.

0225-0235 hrs Air raid alert. One enemy aircraft approaches to within 20 miles north of the Island and drops flares and bombs in the sea.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS MONDAY 19 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept in P 35 and P 247.

Coast at Madliena

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Beauforts, one Hudson from Gibraltar. Departures One Hudson, one Liberator to Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire damaged by enemy action crash-landed: pilot uninjured.

LUQA 2114-0134 hrs Four Wellingtons 69 Squadron airborne to attack an enemy southbound convoy: one hit with a 1000 lb claimed. 0105-1513 hrs Five Wellingtons 69 Squadron airborne to attack the same convoy: no hits observed. One Spitfire and two Baltimors 69 Squadron despatched during the day on reconnaissance.

10^th Bn KING’S OWN MALTA REGIMENT D Company take over guard duties of Qawra Point and Madliena.

20 October 1942: Maltese ‘Spirit of Resistance’ Recognised

From: Governor (Gen Viscount Gort) To: Secretary of State for the Colonies

During the month ended 20^th October, total of 134 alerts, 90 by day, 44 by night. 61 bombing raids, 38 by day, 23 by night. 64 people were killed (28 men, 18 women, 18 children), 63 were seriously injured (19 men, 25 women, 19 children). 128 houses were seriously damaged including (repeat including) 48 in Gozo.

Recent recrudescence of enemy air attacks has if anything tended to raise morale by taking people’s minds off continued privations in the shape of shortage of food and other commodities. From the outset of the new phase of attacks, it has been clear that the spirit of resistance has not fallen during the lull of the previous few months.

NEWS CORRESPONDENT PRAISES ISLANDERS’ RESILIENCE

A news correspondent in Malta said today that the Islanders are becoming used to the almost continuous roar of planes and detonations of anti-aircraft guns. “The people come out into the streets at night, watch the search lights pick out planes, and urge anti-aircraft gunners to quicken their rate of fire.”

An advertisement appeared in The Times of Malta today inviting applications for vacancies on the staff of a school on the Island – one for classics and the other for mathematics and science.

MALTA TROOPS PRACTISE SEABORNE LANDINGS

The General Officer Commanding Troops in Malta attended an exercise today held by 2^nd Bn Devonshire Regiment. The Battalion were demonstrating the results of recent training, particularly practice landings from motor launches. The GOC also watched an exercise by 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regiment practising assault course techniques.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 20 OCTOBER TO DAWN 21 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Frequent showers throughout the day. Thunder and lightning very late evening.

0640-0711 hrs Air raid alert for 30 enemy aircraft including fighters and fighter bombers approaching the Island. Six Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept but sight nothing. Eight Spitfires Hal Far are airborne on patrol at 21000 feet east of the Island but do not locate the enemy. The raiders take advantage of 100 per cent cloud cover at 7-8000 feet to cross the coast and drop four bombs on Ta Qali aerodrome. The airfield’s anti-aircraft gunners open fire, damaging one ME 109.

Wardija

0700 hrs Two ME 109s machine-gun St Paul’s Bay. Wardia Observation Post reports seeing a ME 109 attack and machine-gun a Gozo boat.

0910-0950 hrs One Spitfire 249 Squadron is airborne to act as escort to a submarine: no enemy aircraft sighted.

1106-1150 hrs Air raid alert for 25 enemy fighters which approach the Island in small groups, taking advantage of cloud cover. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept: no engagement. ME 109 fighter bombers drop four bombs on the Safi end of Luqa runway, causing craters, and near St Nicola Church. One Spitfire 1435 Squadron is damaged in combat: pilot unhurt.

1415-1426 hrs Air raid alert as a small number of raiders approach to within 18 miles of the Island and then recede. Four Spitfires Hal Far are airborne on patrol to the west of the Island and Grand Harbour as cover to incoming aircraft: no engagement.

1700-1805 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled on intercept patrol: no sightings.

Military casualties Gunner Paul Busuttil, 2nd Heavy Ack Ack Regiment, Royal Malta Artillery; Private Vincent Casha, Malta Pioneer Group, Malta Territorial Force.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 20 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY P 42 swept in by Speedy, having been met and escorted by two Motor Launches. P 42 claimed hits on two merchant vessels in convoy: her batteries were damaged by an accurate depth charge attack.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two BEauforts, one Liberator, one Hudson from Gibraltar. Departures one Hudson to Gibraltar; one Beaufort to Shallufa; two Beauforts to LG 224.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron despatched on a search near Lampedusa for enemy shipping attacked last night. One Baltimore 69 Squadron sent on photographic reconnaissance Cotrone Harbour.

21 October 1942: Malta Blitz Fails To Stop Sinking of Axis Supplies

Submarines of the Malta flotilla has sunk three enemy merchant vessels in recent days and damaged several others. The submarine successes follow a week in which the Island’s air forces have launched eleven attacks on enemy convoys attempting to supply Axis troops in North Africa.

It is clear that despite his renewed heavy bombardment of the Island Kesselring has failed to stop its forces interrupting enemy supply lines. Combined attacks from Allied aircraft and submarines based on both sides of the Mediterranean have halted fuel tankers, caused merchant ships to turn back and sent tons of supplies crucial to Rommel’s war effort to the bottom of the sea.

Ack Ack at Work

ARTILLERY ORDERED: HOLD FIRE TO SAVE AMMO

Gun positions are still restricted to 15 rounds per gun despite the recent increased enemy activity. Artillery commanders have ordered every gun position to reserve fire for good targets. At the same time they urge positions which get a good target to ‘engage it hotly’.

QUESTIONS IN PARLIAMENT

Mr William Thorne (MP for West Ham Plaistow) today asked the Secretary of State for Air in the House of Commons how many times Malta had been raided; how many people have been killed, the amount of property damaged and the number of aeroplanes brought down since the declaration of war. Sir Archibald Sinclair replied: “Up to 19th October there have been 1,660 bombing attacks on Malta, and 1,069 enemy aircraft have been destroyed. I understand that, up to 20th September, 1,386 civilians had been killed and 6,704 buildings destroyed or damaged.”

Commander Sir Archibald Southby, MP for Epsom then asked whether in view of what he had said he does not think it necessary in the interests of the people of Malta, to hit Italy from the air. The Secretary of State answered: “We have been hitting Italy from the air, and we shall go on hitting Italy.”

AIR RAIDS DAWN 21 OCTOBER TO DAWN 22 OCTOBER 1942

Weather A showery day: thunderstorm and heavy shower early.

0703-0735 hrs Air raid alert as 15 ME 109s including fighter bombers approach the Island. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept: P/O Walton damages one ME 109. The remaining raiders use cloud cover to drop bombs on the Safi strip and Gudja. One high explosive lands in Tal Liebru and four on Xlejli. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

0847-0915 hrs Air raid alert for 30 German and Italian fighters including seven ME 109 fighter bombers heading for Malta. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept but are unable to engage. The raiders cross the coast and drop bombs near Siggiewi and on the Safi runway, damaging one aircraft on the ground and one motor transport vehicle. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

0930-1030 hrs Air raid alert as 25 German and Italian raiders including fighter bombers approach the Island. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron are scrambled to join the eight of 126 Squadron still airborne from the previous raid. P/O Walton destroys one Macchi 202. Bombs are dropped on Luqa and Ta Kandia. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

18 pounder gun

1126 hrs Air raid alert as 15 enemy aircraft including Re 2001s and ME 109s approach the Island. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: no claims. The raiders launch a dive-bombing attack on Qawra Tower post which returns fire. Bombs land on the searchlight position and the 18 pounder gun position.

1254-1354 hrs Air raid alert for 40 plus enemy raiders approaching the Island under cloud cover. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: no claims. Bombs are dropped from a great height on Ta Qali.

1530-1605 hrs Air raid alert: 25 enemy fighters including fighter bombers drop bombs 10-15 miles north of Gozo. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept but see no raiders: none cross the coast.

0435-0515 Air raid alert. Four enemy aircraft approach and recede within five miles of Grand Harbour, dropping all bombs in the sea. One Beaufighter 89 Squadron is airborne and damages one HE 111 north of the Island.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 21 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept P 247 and P 35 to sea, and escorted P 37 and P 211: the latter reported having sunk one southbound ship east of Pantelleria and P 37 two hits on a southbound merchant vessel.

AIR HQ Arrivals One DC3 from LG 224; two Wellingtons from Shallufa; one Beaufort from Gibraltar. Departures One Liberator, one Hudson to Gibraltar; two Beauforts to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Wellington overshot runway on landing; undercarriage collapsed: crew uninjured.

LUQA One Beaufighter 69 Squadron despatched on shipping search near Greek Islands and photographed shipping in Corfu harbour. One Spitfire 69 Squadron despatched and photographed Navarino and Tripoli.

TA QALI 229 and 249 Squadrons stood down.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT During period 15-21 October the Battalion has found two impressed lorries, one motorcycle and five other ranks for work on Hal Far aerodrome. During the hours of daylight two twin Lewis guns have been manned for anti-aircraft defence of the Safi strip.

22 October 1942: Luftwaffe Crew Captured After 3 Days Adrift

RAF Air Sea Rescue Launch

The pilot and crew of a JU 88 bomber were rescued today after three days adrift in a dinghy off the coast of Malta. The bomber was taking part in a dusk air raid on Monday evening when it was shot down by Flight Lieutenant Pring of 89 Squadron and ditched in the sea. The crew managed to bail out and get into their dinghy.

Two hours later an enemy search and rescue vessel was spotted searching for the crew but did not find them. The dinghy was left drifting helplessly until it was spotted today and the RAF Rescue Launch set out in pursuit. All four crew members survived and were taken prisoner. They have been named as pilot Oberleutnant Ernst Neuffer, age 27, wireless operator Unteroffizier Fritz Hinterberg (21) and crew members Unteroffizier Hans Ehrentraut (28) and 24 year old Unteroffizier Joseph Stern.

TROOPS BACK TO FULL STRENGTH ON AIRFIELDS

The number of Army personnel has returned to its former high levels following the recent air raids. 1000 men are now working daily on the aerodromes, repairing pens and filling craters to keep runways open following air attacks. So far during the recent blitz none of the airfields has been unserviceable for more than a few minutes.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 22 OCTOBER TO DAWN 23 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fair to fine.

0714-0748 hrs Air raid alert for 15 enemy fighters including ME 109 fighter bombers heading for Malta. Eight Spitfires Hal Far are scrambled to intercept but encounter no enemy aircraft. The raiders cross the coast at great height taking advantage of cloud cover and drop bombs on Hamrun and Birkirkara, damaging property and causing civilian casualties. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

0935-1039 hrs Air raid alert for 30 ME 109s and Macchi 202s including fighter bombers approaching Malta. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept: F/Lt McLeod destroys one Macchi 202. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron are also scrambled to intercept: F/Lt McElroy and P/O Lowrey destroy one ME 109; P/O Sanderson destroys one Macchi 202; S/Ldr Woods probably destroys one ME 109 and damages one; Sgt Stead damages one ME 109 and one Macchi 202. The remaining raiders drop bombs on the Ta Qali and Mosta areas.

1120-1220 hrs Air raid alert for 25 enemy fighters and fighter bombers approaching the Island. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept: no claims. The raiders cross the coast and drop bombs on Luqa, Ta Qali and Hal Far. Heavy Ack Ack fire and also Light Ack Ack who destroy one ME 109.

1343-1401 hrs Air raid alert for a formation of enemy fighters approaching the Island. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled to intercept but see nothing. The enemy is believed to have turned back.

1512-1619 hrs Air raid alert for 60 German and Italian fighters escorting fighter bombers towards the Island. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: Sgt Brown and P/O Walton each damage two Macchi 202s. Eight Spitfires are also scrambled from Hal Far but are unable to gain sufficient height to engage. Many fighter bombers jettison their bombs in the sea. Seven Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are also airborne but see nothing. About half of the raiders cross the coast in cloud cover: fighter bombers drop bombs near Luqa and Kirkop. Heavy Ack Ack engage: no claims.

Military casualties William Osborne, Foreman of Stokers, HM Dockyard.

Civilian casualties Hamrun Carmel Calleja, age 37; Mary Calleja, age 11; Anthony Debono, age 54; Carmela Debono, age 42; Alfred Fenech, age 73; Alfred Muscat, age 4; Jennie Scerri, age 17; Filippa Whiddatt, age 12. St Julian’s Carmela Sciberras, age 56.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 22 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Speedy swept P 44 in from patrol.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Beaufighter from Gibraltar. Departures One DC3 to LG 224; one Wellington to Shallufa.

LUQA One Baltimore 69 Squadron despatched on shipping search along the Greek coast. One Spitfire 69 Squadron despatched on photo-reconnaissance of Taranto and Brindisi. Three special Wellingtons 69 Squadron, one carrying bombs and two carrying torpedoes, despatched to attack an enemy tanker sighted by a photo-reconnaissance Spitfire. All aircraft returned owing to severe electrical storms which make it impossible to locate or attack the convoy.

23 October 1942: Battle For El Alamein Has Begun

Night offensive begins at El Alamein (c) IWM E18467

At 9.40 this evening a four hour Allied ground and air bombardment began targeting Rommel’s forces at El Alamein. As the shelling subsided, ground troops and armoured divisions began their advance across Axis minefields. The offensive follows weeks of attacks on enemy supply convoys, designed to weaken Axis troops and reduce their firepower.

LUFTWAFFE BOMBERS STAYING AWAY

Observers report that no JU 88 bombers or other twin-engined aircraft have approached Malta since Monday. Enemy air raids are now confined to ‘tip and run’ attacks by heavily escorted fighter bombers. However, the poor weather since Monday has worked to the raiders’ advantage, giving the agile ‘Jabos’ the advantage of cloud from which to launch attacks and escape.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 23 OCTOBER TO DAWN 24 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Showers.

0630-0736 hrs Air raid alert as 35 enemy aircraft including ME 109 fighter bombers approach the Island in four quick raids. Eight Spitfires Hal Far are scrambled to intercept: Sgt Saunders destroys one ME 109, F/Lt Charney damages another. F/O Lindsay’s Spitfire is shot down and he is killed. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are also scrambled to intercept: no claims. Bombs are dropped near St Paul’s Bay, and on Mosta and Imtarfa. Light Ack Ack guns destroy one ME 109.

0830-0910 hrs Air raid alert for 30 fighters and fighter bombers which fly round the east of the island. Four Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: Sgt Marshall damages one ME 109. The raiders then recede.

1010-1038 hrs Air raid alert. 30 enemy fighters including fighter bombers approach the Island. Three ME 109 fighter bombers drop high explosive bombs on the south east side of the runway at Ta Qali, and on Mosta, damaging property and wounding one civilian. Eight fighter bombers drop bombs near Zurrieq village and on St Nicola and Kirkop areas. Malta fighters are airborne and engage, damaging two ME 109s. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1240-1301 hrs Air raid alert. 15 enemy fighters approach the Island at great height. While fighters strafe the airfield with machine guns, three ME 109 fighter bombers dive down and drop six high explosive bombs on the Ta Qali dispersal area. Malta fighters are airborne; no engagements. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1559-1622 hrs Air raid alert for 30 enemy aircraft approach Malta. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and four 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: no claims. The raiders do not cross the coast.

2210-2300 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron is airborne to intercept reported enemy raiders which turn back 35 miles from Malta: no sighting.

Military casualties Flight-Lieutenant Alec Lindsay, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 185 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Birkirkara Michael Sultana, age 73; Carmelina Grech, age 9.

Enemy casualties Unteroffizier Heribert Wagner, pilot of a Messerschmitt BF 109 fighter, shot down and killed.

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 23 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Una returned from patrol and was swept in by Hythe.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Hudsons, two Liberators from Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire crashed on land while in combat: pilot killed.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron despatched on photo-reconnaissance of Taranto and Brindisi. One Spitfire 69 Squadron sent to search for enemy shipping along the west coast of Greece.

24 October 1942: Rations To Be Cut Again

MILITARY SITUATION REPORT FOR WEEK ENDING 24 OCTOBER 1942

From: Governor & C in C Malta To: C in C Middle East Rptd: The War Office

1. Enemy now forced to use fighters or fighter bombers only. RAF have maintained superiority over Island and little damage done. Air and submarine offensive against enemy convoys maintained.

Raider over Grand Harbour

2. During daylight. 37 alerts. Dusk 19 October 40 bombers approached intercepted by six Spitfires. Three crossed coast rest jettisoned bombs in the sea. Two JU 88s destroyed. Remaining alerts each few fighter bombers heavily escorted. Total 500 Spitfire sorties against 1245 enemy sorties. Nine fighters destroyed, four probably destroyed, sixteen damaged by RAF. Four ME 109s destroyed by Lt Ack Ack, two damaged by small arms. Only three Spitfires destroyed, four damaged.

3. By night. Eight alerts. 18 aircraft approach, 13 crossed coast. Bombs scattered localities. Beaufighters damaged one JU 88, one HE 111.

4. Offensive. Total five Swordfish, five Albacore, eight Wellington sorties against enemy convoys. Result one Tanker, two merchant vessels hit by torpedoes, one merchant vessel hit by 1000 lb bomb. Other results unobserved due to bad weather. Submarines have also been very successful recently.

5. Admin. Further economies in motor transport fuel have cut out all mobile training. Army now existing on less than 4000 gallons petrol per week. Rations being slightly further reduced on 1^st November but calorific value unchanged. Winter accommodation suffering from lack of petrol and materials.

6. Military damage negligible; casualties five Other Ranks wounded.

7. Many unexploded bombs disposed of including 200 anti-personnel and large number of German 1 kg incendiaries. New type delayed action Butterfly anti-personnel bomb fuze 67 already reported separately.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 24 OCTOBER TO DAWN 25 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Mainly fine.

0635-0740 hrs Air raid alert. 40 enemy aircraft approach the Island in a series of fighter bomber raids. The bombers dive to attack Ta Qali and Luqa aerodromes, damaging one aircraft on the ground and injuring three airmen. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagements. One ME 109 is destroyed by Light Anti Aircraft fire.

1011-1038 hrs Air raid alert for 20 enemy fighters and fighter bombers approaching at great height. Four Spitfires from Hal Far and eight Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept: no claims. The raiders cross the coast at height and drop bombs between Luqa and Grand Harbour, on the Mqabba area and the Safi strip, and on Zurrieq. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1300-1348 hrs Air raid alert for 15 enemy fighters including a few fighter bombers. Eight Spitfires Hal Far are scrambled to intercept: Black Section are jumped by enemy fighters and one Spitfire is shot down: Sgt Saunders is killed. The fighter bombers drop bombs on the Ta Qali area. Heavy Ack Ack fire: no claims.

1521 hrs Air raid alert. 40 ME 109s and Macchi 202s including a few fighter bombers are intercepted by Malta fighters well to the north of the Island. Bombs are dropped on the Luqa area, damaging one aircraft on the ground. One ME 109 and one Macchi 202 are destroyed by fighters and one ME 109 probably destroyed. One Spitfire is damaged in combat and crash-lands: pilot uninjured.

1615 hrs Enemy fighter bombers attack the RAF Station at Burmarrad. Three bombs land nearby: one on soft ground fails to explode. Another bomb lands near the motor transport drivers’ billet of 2^nd Bn King’s Own Malta Regiment, destroying the ablution facility. Bombs also explode near their defence posts causing slight shock to ten men manning the posts.

1629 hrs All clear.

2109-2154 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa is airborne on patrol: no sightings.

Military casualties Private Philip Kanter, Royal Army Medical Corps, No 90 General Hospital; Sergeant Raymond Saunders, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 185 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 24 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY P 247 returned and was swept in by Speedy.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two DC3 from LG 224; two Beauforts from Gibraltar. Departures Two Hudsons, two Liberators to Gibraltar; two Beauforts, one DC3 to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire shot down by enemy fighters: pilot killed. One Spitfire damaged by enemy action: pilot injured.

FORTRESS ROYAL ENGINEERS ENGINEERS Bomb Disposal UXB Reported 54. Dealt with: High Explosives 13 including 3 with unmarked delayed-action fuzes (4 x 250kg, 10 x 50kg); 1 Italian anti-personnel bomb container; 357 anti-personnel bombs; 5 oil incendiaries.

All written content © maltagc70 unless otherwise attributed. For conditions of use contact bdmalta@btinternet.com

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Posted by maltagc70 on October 24, 2022 in 1942, October 1942

Tags: 126 Squadron, 1435 Squadron, 185 Squadron, 229 Squadron, 249 Squadron, 69 Squadron, bomb disposal, butterfly bomb, cluster bombs, El Alamein, Kings Own Malta Regiment, Luftwaffe, Malta, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force, Royal Engineers, Royal Navy, submarine flotilla, war diary, World War Two

11-17 October 1942: The Blitz is Back

17 Oct

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11 October 1942: 31 Civilians Killed – 17 in Tarxien

Malta was rocked today by heavy bombing raids for the first time three months, as the enemy sent 58 bombers with massed fighter escorts over the Island. The attacks mark a return to blitz conditions not seen since the end of April 1942. This time Malta’s Spitfires were airborne in force to counter-attack, destroying eight of the enemy bombers and seven of their fighters.

Heavy Ack Ack also engaged the raiders but with ammunition restrictions at 15 rounds per gun per day due to lack of stocks the Gunners were unable to provide a deterrent to raiders equal to previous months. The Army has increased the number of men assisting on the aerodromes to 350 daily, to service aircraft and clear damaged runways to keep Malta’s defenders in the air.

The communique from Allied HQ Cairo states: “There was an increase in air activity over Malta yesterday heavily-escorted bombers carried out five attacks during the day. Our fighters engaged them on every occasion. They destroyed at least 15 enemy aircraft, and a great many more were damaged. We lost one fighter. The Malta air craft is the only Allied plane missing from all these operations.”

AIR RAIDS DAWN 11 OCTOBER TO DAWN 12 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fine to fair; cloudy about mid-day.

0715 hrs Air raid alert. Spitfires of 1435 and 126 Squadrons Luqa are scrambled and intercept nine JU 88s with a large fighter escort approaching Malta from the north. As enemy fighters try to fend them off 126 Squadron attacks and P/O Stevenson destroys one Macchi 202 and F/O Smith destroys one JU 88. F/S Varey probably destroys one ME 109 and damages one; Sgt Yeatman damages one ME 109, Sgt Marshall one JU 88 and Sgt Tiddy one Macchi 202. 1435 Squadron P/O Walton damages one JU 88 and Sgt Hamilton one ME 109. One Spitfire 1435 Squadron is damaged: pilot unhurt.

Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are also scrambled to intercept. As they go in to attack enemy bombers they are jumped by escorting fighters: no results.

0719 hrs Six JU 88s escorted by 30 fighters approached from the south east of Malta to attack Hal Far by shallow dive. They drop bombs on Benghaisa PT and Hal Far, damaging GHQ, a coal dump and motor transport.

0725 hrs C Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a bomber crashed in the sea near to defence post RA 3.

0755 hrs All clear.

0800-0955 Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are dispatched to act as escort for the High Speed Launch: no enemy aircraft approach.

0945 hrs Six JU 88 bombers escorted by 65 fighters are reported approaching the Island. Six Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. They locate six bombers with twenty fighters and are instructed to attack top cover from up sun. F/Lt Roscoe destroys one ME 109; Sgt Miller damages one.

0950 hrs Spitfires are scrambled from Hal Far to intercept and engage enemy aircraft: no claims.

1009 hrs Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron and two 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. 1435 Squadron S/L Lovell and P/O Walton each damage one ME 109.

1009-1105 hrs Air raid alert. The six JU 88 bombers with their remaining fighter escort cross the coast between 18000 and 3000 feet and drop bombs on Lija, Balzan and Birkirkara on the way to Ta Qali. The JU 88s attempt to drop 20-30 high explosive bombs on the airfield’s runway but overshoot the target, then split up as they recede. Heavy Ack Ack engage.

1230 hrs Eight JU 88s escorted by 50 fighters approach the Island. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept the raiders and launch a head-on attack on the eight JU 88s escorted by 25 fighters. W/Cdr Donaldson destroys one JU 88 and damages one ME 109; F/Sgt Ballantyne destroys one ME 109; P/O Nash damages one Macchi 202.

Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron are scrambled from Hal Far. They locate one JU 88 with fighter escort and engage: P/O Park damages one RE 2001.

1325 hrs Air raid alert. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and four 126 Squadron are scrambled: one Spitfire 126 Squadron is damaged and crash-lands: the pilot is unhurt. 1435 Squadron F/Lt McLeod and F/Sgt MacLennan each damage two ME 109s; Sgt Williams and Sgt Jarrett each damage one; P/O Park damages one Re 2001. Two Spitfires 1435 Squadron are damaged in combat: Sgt Jarrett is slightly hurt.

1400 hrs The eight JU 88s with fighter escort drop bombs on Ta Qali aerodrome and dispersal areas, and on Rabat, causing damage to property and civilian casualties. Three Spitfires are slightly damaged and one written off.

1420 hrs Raiders passed.

A formation of 16 enemy raiders is seen to the north of the Islands but are too far away for identification. As they approach, they are discovered to be single-engined aircraft with retractable undercarriage and are at first thought to be a new type of JU 87.

1625 hrs 40 German and Italian fighters approach the Island. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and attack enemy fighters north of St Paul’s Bay. F/Lt Glazebrook and F/Sgt Ballantyne each destroy one Macchi 202. Spitfires are scrambled from Hal Far: W/Cdr Thompson, Sgt Gore and P/O Reid each destroy one ME 109. Spitfires of 126 Squadron Luqa are also scrambled: W/Cdr Hanks damages one ME 109 and S/Ldr Wicks one Macchi 202; F/Lt Reels probably destroys one Re 2001 and damages one; F/O Wallace damages one Macchi 202. One Spitfire is damaged; the pilot is unhurt. One Spitfire and pilot Sgt MacLean are reported missing.

1630 hrs Air raid alert. Bombs are dropped on Mellieha Ridge. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds.

1700 hrs 4^th Bn The Buffs Beat the Retreat in Rabat Square in the presence of His Excellency the Governor.

1720 hrs Raiders passed.

1735 hrs Thirty unescorted JU 88s approach the Island. Five Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and engage 15 JU 88s. P/O Nash and F/Sgt Ballantyne each destroy one JU 88; W/Cdr Donaldson and F/Lt Parkinson each probably destroy one.

1745 hrs Air raid alert. Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept: F/Lt McLeod and Sgt MacLennan each destroy two JU 88s and Sgt Kebble one; Sgt Ree damages two JU 88s. Two Spitfires 1435 Squadron are damaged: the pilots are unhurt.

1800 hrs The remaining JU 88s drop bombs on Hal Far, Luqa, Tarxien and Qormi, destroying houses and causing civilian casualties. One Beaufighter is burned out the ground on Luqa aerodrome. C Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report two planes down in the sea north of defence post RA 3.

In Tarxien, personnel of HQ Company, 2^nd Bn Devonshire Regt help to put out fires. Bombs are dropped in Mqabba and Gudja camp areas. One Other Rank of 1^st Bn Hampshire Regt is injured by an incendiary bomb. Searchlights effect ten illuminations, in one case illuminating three planes simultaneously. 225 Light Ack Ack Battery engage one JU 88 at 4000 feet.

1810-1820 hrs 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report anti-personnel bombs between D Company HQ and Ta Ingrau, near Della Grazia and 150 yards south of Fort Ta Silch. A Company send 40 men to extinguish a fire at Ta Belebel area. CQMS Rampling, A Company, is injured in the left thigh by a bomb in Tarxien.

1850 hrs Raiders passed. The Spitfires landing at Ta Qali have great difficulty due to a cratered runway.

2100-2130 hrs Air raid alert. Three enemy bombers approach but only one crosses the coast. Heavy Ack Ack engage. Bombs are dropped in Birkirkara. Beaufighters 89 Squadron Luqa are airborne: no engagements. C Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a delayed action bomb exploding near Ta Ingrau.

0039-0100 hrs One HE 111 flies over Malta and drops flares and delayed action bombs on Luqa runway. Heavy Ack Ack fire. As the enemy raider heads turns to head for Sicily, a Beaufighter of 89 Squadron intercepts. F/O Shipard and F/Sgt Oxley attack with bursts of cannon and machine gun fire and destroy the HE 111.

0245-0330 hrs Six enemy bombers approach the Island. One crosses the coast and drops anti-personnel bombs on the Luqa, Safi and Ghaxaq areas. Two Beaufighters 89 Squadron are airborne to intercept but do not locate the raiders.

0400 hrs Two delayed action bombs are discovered by 1^st Bn Hampshire Regt west of Kirkop.

Porte des Bombes

0438-0621 hrs Nine enemy bombers approach the Island, several crossing the coast. Bombs are dropped in the sea north of Spinola, on Porte des Bombes, St Patrick’s and St Andrew’s, and north of St Paul’s Bay. The Beaufighter 89 Squadron of F/O Shipard and F/Sgt Oxley shoots down one HE 111 in flames.

Military casualties Flight Sergeant David MacLean, Royal New Zealand Air Force, 126 Squadron; Gunner Lawrence Borg, 11th HAA Regiment, Royal Malta Artillery, killed by enemy aircraft at Rabat.

Civilian casualties Mtarfa Paul Azzopardi, age 17. Paola Joseph Hockey, age 30; Rose Hockey, age 25; Doris Hockey, age 4. Qormi Joseph Cardona, age 76. Rabat Anthony Caruana, age 10; Angiolina Falzon, age 14; Joseph Fsadni, age 28; Maddalena Galea, age 28; Antonia Grixti, age 46; Peter Vella, age 64; Mary Zahra, age 44. Tarxien Concetta Attard, age 47; Joseph Baldacchino, age 36; Anthony Barbara, age 55; Antonia Camilleri, age 76; Maggie Cook, age 56; Joseph Debono, age 25; Lonza Debono, age 25; Joseph Degabriele, age 9; Calcedonio Farrugia, age 15; Emily Gleaves, age 28; Joseph Manicolo, age 44; Laurence Piscopo, age 24; Charles Porter, age 71; Edward Redman, age 64; Charles Salsero, age 3; Vincent Scerri, age 60; Mary Tabone, age 12. Zebbug Spiro Borg, age 25. Zejtun Carmel Grech, age 30.

Enemy casualties (known) Unteroffizier Gunther Grams, Wireless Operator of a JU 88 bomber shot down into the sea. He was rescued ten miles north of Grand Harbour and taken prisoner.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 11 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Speedy escorted P 42 to sea for patrol.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Beaufighters from Edcu; three Hudsons from Gibraltar. Departures One Liberator to LG 224. Aircraft casualties Three Spitfires damaged in combat crashed on aerodrome: pilots uninjured. One Spitfire damaged in combat suffered engine failure on landing: pilot uninjured. Two Spitfires shot down into the sea by enemy fighters: one pilot missing.

TA QALI 249 Squadron are stood down.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Bugles played at Zebbug where the George Cross was on show.

12 October 1942: 700 Raiders Over Malta in 60 Hours

In the 60 hours to 6 o’clock this evening Axis air forces have made 700 sorties against Malta. However, the enemy onslaught has been at a heavy cost. In the same period the Island’s Spitfires have destroyed 20 bombers and 22 fighters, probably destroyed 21 enemy aircraft and damaged another 59. Wing Commander Donaldson is encouraged by the new RAF tactic of ‘forward interception’ – attacking raiders well before they reach Malta:

W/Cdr A H Donaldson

“It was the most spectacular sight I have ever seen. The whole sky was filled with enemy aircraft in severe trouble! I saw three flaming Junkers 88s and another three flaming ME 109s, and counted no less than ten parachutes descending slowly, three of them from a Junkers 88 I had shot down. Two of my victims, a Junkers 88 and a ME 109 both burst into flames.” (1)

AIR RAIDS DAWN 12 OCTOBER TO DAWN 13 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Mostly fair to cloudy. Slight shower with lightning in the evening.

0540 hrs Fifteen enemy bombers are reported approaching the Island in two waves, with an escort of 25 fighters each. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept, followed by eight Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far at 0550 hrs and three of 229 Squadron Ta Qali at 0555 hrs.

The Spitfires of 229 Squadron attack the first wave of seven JU 88s, forcing one to jettison its bombs in the sea. F/Lt Glazebrook probably destroys one JU 88 and F/Sgt Ballantyne damages another. The eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled and intercept five JU 88s and fighter escort. Capt Kuhlmann probably destroys one ME 109; Sgt Vinall damages one JU 88. Heavy Ack Ack engage.

0620 hrs Air raid alert. The first wave of raiders drops bombs on Ta Qali and Luqa, where aircraft are damaged on the ground. Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron and six 126 Squadron Luqa are then scrambled to join the attack. 126 Squadron F/Lt Rolls and F/Sgt Lang each destroy one JU 88; Sgt Park destroys two. One Spitfire 126 Squadron and pilot S/Ldr Wicks are reported missing. 1435 Squadron Sgt Williams, P/O Stewart and P/O Latimer each damage one JU 88; P/O Owen damages one ME 109. Two Spitfires 1435 Squadron are damaged: the pilots are unhurt.

0630 hrs The second wave of bombers targets Hal Far, where one Spitfire is burned out and one Spitfire and two Hurricanes slightly damaged. The eight Spitfires 249 Squadron engage seven JU 88s and their fighter escort, chasing them home. Sgt/ Stead and S/Ldr Stephens destroy two ME 109s; S/Ldr Woods destroys one and probably destroys a JU 88 over the south Sicilian coast. One Spitfire crashes into the sea: pilot escapes unhurt and awaits rescue.

0705-0850 hrs Four Spitfires from Hal Far carry out a search but find nothing. Two Spitfires 249 Squadron patrol locate the pilot in the sea and patrol above until he is picked up.

0738 hrs All clear.

0814-0900 hrs Three Hurricanes RNAS carry out a search for missing pilots.

0840 hrs 18 bombers approach the Island in two waves, accompanied by 25 fighters. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled and intercept, causing five bombers to jettison their bombs in the sea and turn back. W/Cdr Donaldson and P/O Reynolds destroys one JU 88; P/O Nash damages two and F/Lt Glazebrook damages one. P/O Parkinson damages one BR 20 and F/Sgt Ballantyne probably destroys one Macchi 202.

0845 hrs Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled and engage twelve enemy bombers with fighter escort. F/O McElroy destroys one ME 109; F/Sgt Hiskens and F/Sgt De Lara probably destroy one JU 88. Other Spitfires close in on six enemy fighters: F/L McEiroy turns towards the ME 109s and destroys one F/Sgt Hiskens probably destroys; F/O McElroy, P/O Sanderson and Sgt Stead damage one each before the Messerschmitts break off the fight.

0907 hrs Air raid alert. Six Spitfires 126 Squadron and eight 1435 Squadron are scrambled and engage. Sgt Park and F/O Wallace 126 Squadron each destroy one JU 88; F/Lt Rolls destroys one Macchi 202 and probably destroys another; F/Sgt Bush and P/O Bazalgette each damage one JU 88. 1435 Squadron Sgt Mclennan destroys one ME 109. One Spitfire crashes but the pilot is unhurt. Heavy Ack Ack also engage.

0910 hrs Bombs are dropped on Luqa, damaging aircraft on the ground, and at Ta Qali. Bombs and incendiaries also fall at Bir-id-Dehen, Zeitun and Safi. Anti-personnel bombs are dropped in the Latnia-Ta Ingrau area. Four JU 88s drop high explosive bombs near Bir Miftuh Church.

Bir Miftuh Chapel

0950 hrs Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled and intercept five JU 88s with fighter escort as they turn away from bombing Ta Qali. W/Cdr Thompson and P/O Reid each damage one ME 109. Sgt Vinall fails to return.

1021 hrs Raiders passed.

1105-1155 hrs Three Hurricanes RNAS search for missing pilots.

1110-1225 hrs One Spitfire from Hal Far searches for Sgt Vinall without success. Sgt Vinall’s body is later discovered at the shoreline, on the west coast of the Island.

1130-1230 hrs Eight JU 88s with an escort of 30 fighters are reported heading southwards from Sicily. Malta’s Spitfires are scrambled early, intercepting the raiders a few miles south of the Sicilian coast and 35 miles from Malta. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron attack the JU 88s and fighters head-on. W/Cdr Donaldson, F/O McElroy and F/Sgt Heskens each destroy one JU 88; W/Cdr Donaldson and S/Ldr Woods each destroy one ME 109. One JU 88 is probably destroyed and four damaged; two ME 109s are damaged. Three Spitfires are damaged in combat; pilots are unhurt. 229 Squadron F/Lt Roscoe probably destroys one Macchi 202 and another is damaged; S/Ldr H C Baker damages one ME 109.

1205 hrs Air raid alert. Six Spitfires 1435 Squadron are scrambled to follow up with an on the remaining JU 88s and fighters. F/Lt Mcleod destroys one ME 109; Sgt McLennan and Sgt Rae each damage one. In all, three Spitfires are damaged in combat and another is reported missing.

1315-1445 hrs Three Hurricanes RNAS carry out a search for the missing pilot. His dinghy is located and the High Speed Launch picks him up.

1430 hrs 45 enemy fighters are reported flying southwards from Sicily at a great height. Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are airborne but see nothing.

1446-1510 hrs Air raid alert. Nine Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. W/Cdr Hanks destroys two ME 109s.

1535-1630 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on intercept patrol: nothing sighted.

1640 hrs 57 enemy aircraft including at least six JU 88s are reported heading southwards from Sicily. Eight Spitfires 1535 Squadron and three 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and engage the raiders 30-40 miles north of Malta. 1435 Squadron S/Ldr Lovell destroys one JU 88; F/Sgt Scott destroys one Re 2001. P/O Walten, F/Sgt Scott and Sgt Hawkins probably destroy one JU 88 each. F/Sgt Scott also damages one Re 2001. One Spitfire is shot down: pilot F/Sgt Stevenson is missing. (2)

1652 hrs Air raid alert. Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are airborne: no interceptions.

1715 hrs Only a few enemy aircraft reach the Island at failing light. Five Spitfires 249 Squadron chase three unidentified enemy aircraft but are unable to engage. The bombers appear to approach singly, dropping bombs on Sliema, Ghaxaq, Safi, Nigret, Latnia and Marsamxetto. Bombs are also scattered near Luqa and Kalafrana. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

1820 hrs Anti-personnel, incendiary and high explosive bombs are dropped near the Safi strip (between Tal Liebru and St Nicola Church), Ta Karach and Misrah Blandun.

1847 hrs All clear.

1945-2011 hrs Air raid alert. Five enemy bombers approach Malta at 17-20000 feet; two cross the coast and drop bombs in the sea north of Grand Harbour and St Paul’s Bay. Malta Beaufighter is airborne: no engagement.

2100 hrs Observers of 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a white flashing light out to sea 6-8 miles bearing 65 degrees Fort Ta Silch. The vessel is later confirmed as the RAF Rescue Launch.

2120-2205 hrs Air raid alert. Four enemy bombers approach at 27000 feet. Three cross the coast and drop bombs at Benghaisa PT and in the sea north east of the Island. Malta fighters are airborne: one attacks and destroys a HE 111 which jettisons its bombs during the engagement.

2120-2205 hrs Four enemy bombers approach Malta. Two Beaufighters 89 Squadron Luqa are airborne to intercept; F/O Shipard destroys one enemy bomber.

2220-2320 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron on patrol over Sicily attacks and shoots down an enemy bomber as it is about to land.

0245-0315 hrs Air raid alert. Four enemy aircraft approach the Island at heights of up to 15000 feet but none cross the coast. Flares are dropped off Madliena. Malta fighters are airborne but do not engage.

0430-0500 hrs Air raid alert. Five enemy aircraft approach the Island: one crosses the coast. Bombs are dropped in the Kalafrana area and in the sea east of Leonardo PT. Malta fighters are airborne but do not engage.

Military casualties Sergeant John Vinall, Pilot, Royal Air Force, 185 Squadron; Squadron Leader Bryan Wicks, Royal Air Force, 126 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

Enemy casualties (known) Unteroffizier Otto Kobszinowski, Wireless Operator of a JU 88 bomber, picked up from the sea and taken prisoner; Unteroffizier Max Zettelmaier, Crewman of a JU 88 bomber picked up from the sea and taken prisoner.

OPERATIONS REPORTS MONDAY 12 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Speedy escorted Una to sea for patrol.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Beaufort from Gibraltar. Departures Three Hudsons to Gibraltar; one Beaufighter to Edcu. Aircraft casualties Two Spitfire shot down into the sea: both pilots bailed out and rescued uninjured. One Spitfire shot down by enemy fighters: pilot baled out and landed uninjured. One Spitfire damaged by enemy action: pilot uninjured. Two Spitfires failed to return to base after enemy action: pilots missing. One Beaufighter taxied into a bomb crater: crew uninjured.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT A detailed bomb search was carried out and discovered 23 unexploded anti-personnel bombs and two unexploded HE bombs.

13 October 1942: 1000 Axis Aircraft Destroyed Over Malta

Wreckage of JU 88

Today Malta claimed the 1000^th enemy aircraft destroyed since Italy entered the war in June 1940. The milestone was reached during the heaviest air raid on the Island since 10 May. “We wonder can the Axis keep it up.” (CO, 7^th Heavy Ack Ack Regiment).

Air raids are becoming more ‘systematic’ – with one before breakfast, one during the morning, then at lunchtime, mid-afternoon, just after tea and sometimes at dusk. Attacking forces generally comprise six or seven JU 88 bombers with large fighter escorts raid the aerodromes in turn. JU 88 bombers now appear to be adopting shallow dive tactics in an attempt to launch bombs on target.

MALTA WELLINGTONS ON THE ATTACK

A Baltimore on an afternoon shipping reconnaissance in the South Ionian Sea sighted two 6-7000 ton merchant vessels and six destroyers, proceeding south at 12 knots. Three Wellingtons were despatched to attack but only one found the convoy, about half way between southern Greece and Benghazi. Two 1000 lb bombs were dropped but fell wide of the target.

Two Beaufighters also carried out intruder sorties over Sicily today as Malta continues its role as a fortress against Axis operations in the Mediterranean.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 13 OCTOBER TO DAWN 14 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fine to fair; slight shower with lightning early morning.

0610 hrs As seven JU 88s escorted by 30 ME 109s approach the Island eight Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled to intercept. They engage three JU 88s with a large fighter escort. F/Lt Charney probably destroys one ME 109; Major Swales and P/O Maynard each damage a ME 109; P/O Maynard and F/Sgt Maher each damage a JU 88.

0620 hrs Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept and dive to attack five remaining JU 88s and fighter escort. P/O Beurling destroys one JU 88 and one ME 109; P/O Seed probably destroys one JU 88. P/O Seed, P/O Giddings, F/Lt Hetherington and Sgt Shenell each damage one ME 109.

0705-0729 hrs Air raid alert. The remaining raiders cross the coast: bombs are dropped in the Luqa area, killing two civilians. Two JU 88s drop bombs in the area of Bir Miftuh Church. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept. P/O Walten destroys one JU 88; P/O Pinney probably destroys one ME 109 and damages one JU 88.

0935-1035 hrs Six JU 88s and 42 fighter approach the Island. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled and intercept the raiders about 10 miles north of Zonqor. They launch a diving attack on one JU 88: no claims.

1007 hrs Air raid alert. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron and eight of 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept. 1435 Squadron Sgt Hawkins destroys one JU 88; F/Sgt Scott destroys one ME 109 and damages one JU 88. Sgt Sharp damages another JU 88 and Sgt Eva damages a ME 109. 126 Squadron WO Farquharson probably destroys one ME 109; W/Cdr Hanks damages one JU 88 and P/O Thompson damages a JU 88. One Spitfire is damaged: the pilot is unhurt.

1030 hrs JU 88s drop bombs on Safi and Hal Far, Kirkop and Ta Klantun, Ta Liebru and near Zurrieq.

1037 hrs Raiders passed.

1123-1140 hrs Air raid alert. Seven Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled on to intercept but see nothing. The raiders do not approach Malta.

1235-1334 hrs Six JU 88s with a heavy escort of 44 fighters are reported heading for Malta. Eight Spitfires Hal Far are scrambled and intercept the raiders 25 miles north of Zonqor: Major Swales probably destroys a JU 88; Sgt McLeod is reported missing.

1245 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled and engage the remaining JU 88s with escorting fighters over Kalafrana Bay. S/Ldr Baker and F/Sgt Bye each damage one ME 109; Sgt Miller damages one JU 88.

1310 hrs Air raid alert. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled and engage raiders. F/Lt Jones destroys one ME 109; F/O smith destroys one Macchi 202. F/Sgt Carey probably destroys one JU 88 and W/O Farquharson one ME 109. Two Spitfires are damaged in combat; pilots are unhurt. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

1315 hrs Two JU 88s drop bombs on Zurrieq village.

1330 hrs High explosive and incendiary bombs are dropped near Luqa, on Wied Babu and Nigret. Private Fenech of 3^rd Bn Kings Own Malta Regiment is affected by blast; Private Teuma is injured by a bomb splinter in the elbow.

1335 hrs Observers of 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report one ME 109 shot down into the sea one mile off Grand Harbour.

1344 hrs Raiders passed.

1550 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron and eight of 249 Squadron are scrambled to intercept 30 enemy fighters and bombers approaching Malta.

1611 hrs Air raid alert. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. Sgt [White]destroys one JU 88 and F/Lt McLeod destroys one Macchi 202.

1630 hrs Seven JU 88s cross the coast at Kalafrana heading for Qrendi where they drop into a steep dive to bomb Qrendi air strip. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Bombs land on Qrendi village, near Tal Providenza and on Qrendi strip. One just misses a defence post, wounding one member of 4^th Heavy Ack Ack Regiment. One high explosive bomb lands near Hagiar Qim battery of 3^rd Bn Kings Own Malta Regiment.

The Spitfires of 229 and 249 Squadrons then launch an attack on the fighters and bombers and a general dogfight ensues. 229 Squadron P/O Nash destroys one JU 88; W/Cdr Donaldson damages another. His and one other Spitfire are damaged in combat and crash land at Ta Qali: neither pilot is hurt. Total enemy casualties are two JU 88s, two ME 109s, three Macchi 202s and one Re 2001 destroyed; three JU 88s damaged.

1652 hrs Raiders passed.

1810-1905 hrs Two Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled to locate and intercept enemy raiders but are unable to get within range: visibility is poor due to failing light. The raid does not materialize.

2212-0013 hrs Air raid alert. Ten enemy aircraft approach the Island but only four cross the coast. Bombs are dropped on the edge of Hal Far runway; the aerodrome remains serviceable. Incendiaries are dropped on Zebbug and Mellieha, and on Wardia Ridge. Observers identify one enemy aircraft in the searchlights as a Focke-Wolfe Zenstorer. Beaufighters of 89 Squadron Luqa are airborne to intercept: no engagement.

0218-0258 hrs Beaufighters of 89 Squadron Luqa are airborne to intercept enemy raiders: no engagement.

Military casualties Flight Sergeant Alexander MacLeod, Royal Canadian Air Force, 185 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Birkirkara Emanual Mifsud, age 20. Sliema John Block, age 20.

Enemy casualties (known) Sottotenente Maurizio Iannucci, 352a Squadriglia, 20o Gruppo, 51o Stormo, pilot of a Macchi 202 fighter, shot down and killed; Captain Enzo Radini, pilot of Macchi 202 fighter aircraft, picked up from the sea by RAF Launch.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 13 OCTOBER 1942

P34 HMS Ultimatum

ROYAL NAVY P 34 was swept in by Speedy.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Hudsons from Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire crashed into the sea during combat with enemy fighters: pilot missing. One Spitfire force-landed: pilot uninjured. One Spitfire damaged by enemy action: pilot uninjured. One Beaufighter’s hydraulic system failed on landing: crew uninjured.

ROYAL ARTILLERY Gunner Davies 6/4 Regt was wounded in action at XHB 10 Heavy Ack Ack position.

14 October 1942: Screwball Beurling’s Last Mission

82 enemy aircraft have been destroyed over Malta between 10 and 14 October 1942. “Still they come asking for more, and they get it.” CO, 7th Heavy Ack Ack Regiment

MALTA SPITFIRE ACES SHOT DOWN

George Beurling

Record-breaking fighter pilot George Beurling was lucky to escape alive today when his Spitfire was strafed by enemy cannon shells, causing him serious injuries. Pilot Officer Beurling, also known as ‘Screwball’ was flying one of seven Spitfires of 249 Squadron scrambled at 1300 hours today to attack nine JU 88 bombers with and a large close escort of German and Italian fighters just south of Zonqor Point.

Having downed one JU 88, Beurling spotted a fellow Spitfire under fire from a band of Messerschmitts and attacked, downing the leading fighter. Another JU 88 bomber returned fire, wounding Beurling in the arm and hand. He broke off and climbed, before turning to pursue another ME 109 on the tail of a Spitfire. Beurling’s fire shot off the wing of the Messerschmitt and it spiralled downwards as he watched. The moment’s distraction was nearly fatal: cannon shells from another ME 109 ripped into his Spitfire from below, badly injuring his heel, elbow and ribs and setting the aircraft on fire.

Beurling managed to bail out and parachuted down towards the sea. The ME 109 fired again at the pilot and his ‘chute but was chased away by another Spitfire. Beurling was rescued later from the sea by the High Speed Launch and taken to hospital. His injuries bring to an end his run of 29 enemy aircraft destroyed over Malta between July and October 1942.

Wing Commander Arthur Donaldson DSO was also injured earlier today in combat with enemy raiders. W/Cdr Donaldson was piloting one of four Spitfires in an air battle with eight JU 88s and their fighter escort. He flew straight through the fighter cordon to launch a head-on attack on the enemy bombers. The raiders returned fire, injuring Donaldson in the head and foot. Two of his fingers were shot away and he had to withdraw. For the second time in two days, and despite serious injuries, he managed to land his damaged Spitfire safely at Ta Qali before being taken to hospital.

Adrian Warburton

AIRCRAFT LOST IN CONVOY RAID – RECONNAISSANCE PILOT WARBURTON HELPS ENEMY DESTROYER RESCUE SURVIVORS

A reconnaissance Spitfire from Malta today spotted a convoy including a 2000 ton merchant vessel escorted by a destroyer, off the Tripolitanian coast and heading east. Three Beaufighters of 227 Squadron Luqa were despatched immediately to attack.

At 1130 hrs today they located the convoy and all three Beaufighters went in to attack at mast height. One was shot down before it reached target. The other hit the ship’s mast causing the plane to crash into the sea and killing the pilot, Flying Officer Peter Underwood and navigator Flight Sergeant Ivor Miller. The third Beaufighter dropped two 300 lb bombs and fired with cannon and machine gun but no results were seen.

Reconnaissance pilot Squadron Leader Adrian Warburton was still on the scene and spotted the dinghy of the aircraft of P/O Brice and Sgt Cole. Despite being fired on by Italian fighters, he persevered in making contact with the enemy destroyer, to guide the ship to the location of the Beaufighter’s dinghy. S/Ldr Warburton reported seeing the survivors picked up by the destroyer before he returned to base.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 14 OCTOBER TO DAWN 15 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fair early morning; otherwise fine. Very good visibility morning and afternoon.

0535-0640 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on intercept patrol: nothing sighted.

0645 hrs Eight JU 88s with fighter escort are reported approaching Malta. Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept. W/Cdr Thompson, P/O Reid and P/O O’Brien each damage a ME 109. Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are also scrambled and attack 20 German and Italian fighters head-on, north of St Paul’s Bay. . W/Cdr Donaldson damages one JU 88 before his Spitfire is forced to crash-land at Ta Qali; he is injured and admitted to hospital.

0707 hrs Nine Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept and attack just north of Grand Harbour. F/Lt Rolls destroys one JU 88; Sgt Park and F/O Wallace each destroy one ME 109. Sgt Park also probably destroys one JU 88; Sgt Hending and F/Sgt Bush each damage one. One Spitfire is lost and two damaged: pilots are unhurt.

0727 hrs Air raid alert. Eight JU 88s with an escort of forty fighters approach the Island, the majority crossing the coast. Bombs are dropped on Ta Qali rendering the aerodrome temporarily unserviceable. There are two civilian casualties. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron attack six JU 88s as bombs are dropping on Ta Qali. S/Ldr Woods and F/Sgt De Lara each damage one JU 88.

0741 hrs Raiders passed.

0940 hrs 60 enemy aircraft including at least eight JU 88 bombers approach the Island in tight formation, with 20 ME 109s flying above as top cover. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled and intercept the raiders 20 miles north of Grand Harbour, attacking six JU 88s from astern and head-on. Sgt Brough destroys one JU 88; Sgt Francis probably destroys one ME 109. Sgt Lundy damages two JU 88s; F/Lt Glazebrook and P/O Nash each damage one. One Spitfire is missing: P/O Nash is slightly injured in the face and is picked up by the Rescue Launch.

1026-1056 hrs Air raid alert. The remainder head for Hal Far. Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept and attack the raiders while they are diving to bomb the airfield. W/Cdr Thompson destroys a JU 88; P/O Reid and Capt Kuhlmann each destroy a ME 109. P/O Cheek probably destroys a JU 88 and damages another. P/O Reid damages a JU 88; Sgt Tarbuck damages a JU 88 and a ME 109, and Capt Kuhlmann damages a ME 109. Bombs are dropped on Hal Far and Safi, Wied Has Saptan, Ta Klantun and Ta Liebru, and anti-personnel bombs on Kirkop. Heavy Ack Ack fire. As the enemy turn away they are attacked again, north west of Kalafrana.

Total enemy casualties three JU 88s and two ME 109s destroyed; one JU 88 and one ME 109 probably destroyed; six JU 88s and three ME 109s damaged.

1300 hrs Nine JU 88s approach the Island, closely escorted by fighters. Seven Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. P/O Beurling destroys two ME 109s and one JU 88. P/O Giddings destroys one ME 109. F/Lt Hetherington probably destroys one JU 88; Sgt Wynn probably destroys one ME 109. P/O Giddings and Sgt Bryden each damage a JU 88 and P/O Williams damages two ME 109s.

1305 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. P/O Parkinson destroys one Macchi 202; S/Ldr Stephens destroys one Re 2001 and damages on JU 88. Two Spitfires are damaged in combat; pilots are unhurt.

1310 hrs Air raid alert.

1330 hrs Seven JU 88s raid Hal Far, dropping high explosives and incendiaries on the aerodrome, causing craters. Anti-personnel bombs are scattered over Regimental HQ and 14^th Battery HQ of 4^th Heavy Ack Ack Regiment. Enemy raiders make skillful use of cloud cover during the raid.

1355 hrs Raiders passed.

1510-1535 hrs Air raid alert. 35 aircraft including 7 JU 88s approach the Island and are intercepted 15 miles north east of Zonqor. Four ME 109s and one Re 2001 are destroyed; one JU 88 is probably destroyed; three JU 88s and two ME 109s damaged.

The remainder of the attackers head for Hal Far and are engaged over Kalafrana by eight Spitfires from Hal Far. F/Sgt Maher destroys a JU 88 and Sgt Guy probably destroys a ME 109 and damages a JU 88. Bombs are dropped on Hal Far aerodrome causing craters but no major damage. Heavy Ack Ack fires.

1636 hrs Air raid alert for ten JU 88s escorted by 40 fighters evidently turning in to head for Ta Qali. Seven Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled and intercept the raiders to the east of Grand Harbour before they can cross the coast. They attack the bombers head-on, forcing them to turn out to sea and away from their target. Most of their bombers jettison their load into the sea. Sgt Miller destroys one JU 88 and damages one; S/Ldr M M Stephens and P/O Johnson each damage one JU 88. A few bombs are dropped in the Mosta area. Heavy Ack Ack fire and share in the destruction of one JU 88.

1710 hrs Observers of 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report three bombers and a fighter (believed to be a Spitfire) in the sea off Grand Harbour.

1715 hrs Raiders passed.

2100-2110 hrs Air raid alert. 10 enemy bombers approach Malta: all but one turn back before crossing the coast, dropping their bombs in the sea all round the north coast of the Island. Some high explosives and incendiaries are dropped between Bugibba and Salina, and across to Mosta. Heavy Ack Ack fire and Malta fighters are airborne but do not engage.

2145 hrs Five enemy fighter bombers launch a dive-bombing attack on the RAF station at Qawra Tower and Headquarters of C Company, 2^nd Bn Kings Own Malta Regiment.

2200 hrs A Company, 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report bombs in the Latnia area. E Company report bombs in the area of St Mary’s Battery.

0205-0435 hrs Air raid alert. Eight enemy bombers approach the Island but only two cross the coast, dropping bombs on Ta Qali, Ghain Tuffieha and Hamrun. Malta Beauffighters are airborne and one sees a HE 111 approaching at 12000 feet. The fighter dives from 15000 feet to attack, lowering his undercarriage to avoid overshooting. He fires at the enemy raider from astern, causing it to explode and crash into the sea.

Military casualties Flight Sergeant Ivor Miller, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR), 227 Squadron; Sergeant Ronald Roe, Royal New Zealand Air Force, 1435 Squadron; Squadron Leader Peter Underwood, RAF VR, 227 Squadron; Flight Sergeant William Williams, Royal Australian Air Force.

Civilian casualties Birkirkara Francis Fenech, age 18. Msida Anthony Zahra, age 11.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 14 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept P 211 in from sea; the latter reported having driven a 900 ton steamer ashore by gunfire and subsequently destroyed it by torpedo. She also reported two other merchant vessels successfully attacked with torpedoes. Fleet Air Arm obtained one hit on a 7000 merchant vessel which was subsequently beached at Homs.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Liberator from LG 224; one Beaufighter from Gibraltar. Departures Three Beauforts to Shallufa. Aircraft casualties Two Spitfires shot down by enemy fighters: pilots missing. One Beaufighter damaged by enemy action crash-landed: crew uninjured.

Four Spitfires damaged in enemy action: one pilot injured. Three Spitfires shot down by enemy action into sea: pilots rescued, two uninjured, one slightly injured. Two Beaufighters damaged by enemy action while on shipping strike, crashed into the sea: crews missing.

HAL FAR 1925-0032 hrs Two Albacores and one Swordfish of the RNAS were despatched to attack 7000 ton merchant vessel escorted by two destroyers off the coast of Tripoli. One torpedo hit the merchantman amidships, which was later observed to be stationary.

LUQA One Wellington 69 Squadron attacked an enemy convoy south east of Malta. Two 1000 lb bombs were dropped but no results were observed. Four Wellingtons 69 Squadron were sent out later to complete the attack. All the aircraft found the convoy: one torpedo and two 1000 lb bombs were dropped but no results were observed.

TA QALI The runway is unserviceable for ten minutes for inspection after an air raid: no significant damage.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT During the period 8-14 October the Battalion has found two impressed lorries, one motor cycle and five Other Ranks for work on Hal Far aerodrome. Twin Lewis guns have been manned for Anti-aircraft defence of the Safi Strip during the hours of daylight.

15 October 1942: Luftwaffe Fighter Bombers Target Malta

Enemy send ten fighters to protect one bomber.
Enemy raiders are now dropping flares only – the reason is unclear, as following raiders rarely take advantage of the light to drop bombs on the illuminated area.
Since the beginning of intensified air attack Army has increased the number of soldiers assisting RAF in maintenance of aircraft and aerodromes to 500 daily.

MP SUGGESTS ISLAND SHOULD BE KNOWN AS ‘MALTA GC’

Walter Higgs MP

Mr Walter Higgs, MP for Birmingham West, today asked the Prime Minister in the House of Commons whether he is aware that an official proclamation to the effect that henceforth Malta should be known and addressed as Malta GC would meet with general approval; and will he make the necessary announcement?

MALTA AIR FORCES SCORE STRIKE ON AXIS MERCHANTMAN

Two Albacores in co-operation with a Swordfish were sent out tonight to attack a 7000 ton merchant vessel and two destroyers which had left Patras on a south westerly course. They found it at 2153 hours, 80 miles north east of Homs and one Albacore scored a direct hit amidships. The other Albacore which was not able to get into a suitable position to attack while the flares dropped by the Swordfish were still alight brought its torpedo back.

Wellington bomber

The merchant vessel was left almost stationary and was found 1½ hours later by a Wellington which dropped to 1000 lb bombs but they fell wide. Later in the night the convoy was attacked again by Wellingtons with one torpedo and two 1000 lb bombs but no results were observed owing to a partially effective smoke screen put up by one of the destroyers.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 15 OCTOBER TO DAWN 16 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Mainly fine; lightning early morning and late evening.

0650 hrs A massive formation of some 60 enemy fighters escorting six JU 88s approach the Island. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept and are attacked by ME 109s: Sgt Wynn destroys one. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron and eight 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept but do not engage.

0705 hrs Air raid alert. Dogfights ensue as Malta fighters engage the enemy over Kalafrana, off Zonqor Point and over the Island. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Four Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled and attack the formation. Despite being outnumbered over fifteen to one, S/Ldr Stephens attacks enemy bombers head on, following one bomber down to sea-level and chasing it 20 miles out to sea before finally shooting it down in flames. He is then attacked by six enemy fighters but returns fire, destroying one of the ME 109s. His aircraft is badly shot up and he returns to base, surviving a crash-landing.

The eight Spitfires 249 Squadron also press on to attack the bombers. P/O Moody destroys one JU 88. P/O Williams probably destroys one JU 88; P/O Giddings damages one.

0722 hrs The remaining four JU 88s come in and drop bombs near Luqa aerodrome and in the Kirkop area.

0740 hrs C Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a Spitfire down in the sea off Leonardo with a baler-out nearby. An anti-personnel bomb explodes 25 yards from a post of B Company.

0755 hrs Raiders passed.

0935 hrs About 40 enemy fighters, including 15 carrying bombs are reported approaching Malta. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept and engage the enemy north of the Island. Many raiders drop their bombs out to sea, as well as on Marfa and Mellieha Bay, where one civilian is killed and two injured. A few bombs fall on Gozo. 249 Squadron are jumped by ME 109s flying in pairs and threes. Sgt Wynn damages one ME 109. Two Spitfires crash-land and a third ditches into the sea: Sgt Bryden is rescued with a fractured leg.

0940 hrs Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept but do not engage.

1005 hrs Air raid alert as the raiders approach the coast. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and four 126 Squadron are airborne to intercept the raid: no claims.

1047 hrs Raiders passed.

1151-1337 hrs Air raid alert. About 50 German and Italian fighters approach Malta but turn back before reaching the coast. They appear to be searching for missing crews, and escorting ambulance aircraft. Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled to intercept. They see a float plane with fighter escort 35 miles north of the Island. F/Lt Charney and F/Sgt Maher each destroy a Macchi 202; Major Swales and Sgt Garvey damage one each.

1235-1355 hrs Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to act as cover for 185 Squadron. Enemy aircraft are sighted but cannot be brought into contact.

1358-1430 hrs Air raid alert. 30 enemy fighters including at least seven ME 109 fighter bombers approach the Island. Seven Spitfires 249 Squadron on patrol attack, forcing most of the raiders to to drop their bombs in the sea. Bombs are also dropped on the Ta Qali and Mosta areas.

1610 hrs Nine JU 88s approach the Island with an escort of 50 fighters. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and engage the enemy. F/Lt Glazebrook damages one JU 88; Sgt Francis damages one Macchi 202.

1616 hrs Air raid alert. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron attack the enemy formation head-on over Kalafrana Bay, causing them to jettison their bombs. S/Ldr Woods destroys one ME 109 and damages a JU 88; P/O Yates and Sgt Stead probably destroy one ME 109; several other enemy aircraft are damaged. 1^st Bn Cheshire Regt report seeing two enemy bombers crashing into the sea just off Grand Harbour. The port engine of one had been shot off. Three Spitfires are damaged (pilots unhurt); one Spitfire is lost and F/Sgt Hiskens is reported missing.

1640 hrs Seven JU 88s drop bombs on the Safi strip and other bombs and incendiaries on Tal Liebru, Luqa, Kirkop and Marsa. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

1704 hrs Raiders passed.

1912-1920 hrs Air raid alert. One enemy aircraft approaches but turns back twenty miles east of the Island. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagements.

1922-1928 hrs Two Beaufighters 89 Squadron Luqa are airborne on intercept patrol but see no enemy aircraft. One Beaufighter 89 Squadron is scrambled to intercept two enemy aircraft approaching the island, one of which crosses the coast: no engagement.

1940-2034 hrs Air raid alert. Two enemy aircraft approach the Island; one crosses the coast. Bombs are dropped in the sea off Grand Harbour and St Paul’s Bay. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagements.

2028 hrs Bombs are dropped near a defence post of C Company, 2^nd Bn Kings Own Malta Regiment.

2124-2158 hrs Air raid alert. Four enemy aircraft approach; three cross the Island. Bombs are dropped in the sea east of Grand Harbour and on land at Zonqor Point. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagements. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

0220-0443 hrs Air raid alert. Nine bombers approach the Island, four crossing the coast. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Bombs are dropped in the St Paul’s Bay and Wardia areas and in the sea. Flares are dropped over Benghaisa Point. Three Beaufighters 89 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: one sees an enemy raider crash north of Cape Passero.

Military casualties Warrant Officer Edwin Hiskens, Royal Australian Air Force.

Civilian casualties Gzira Joseph Scicluna, age 48. Mellieha Arthur Calleja, age 6. Sliema Joseph Letard, age 65.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 15 OCTOBER 1942

P 212 HMS Sahib

ROYAL NAVY Speedy swept P 212 to sea and P 46 in. The latter reported as having sunk on loaded merchant vessel and one in ballast.

AIR HQ Departures One Liberator, two Hudsons to Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties Two Spitfires damaged in enemy action: pilots uninjured. Three Spitfires shot down by enemy fighters: both pilots baled out and were rescued, injured. Two Spitfires damaged by enemy action crashed on landing: pilots uninjured. One Spitfire forced to land during enemy action: pilot uninjured. One Spitfire missing over sea following enemy action: pilot missing.

HAL FAR 2300-0215 hrs One Swordfish is sent on anti E boat patrol: nothing sighted.

LUQA Two Baltimores 69 Squadron were despatched in search of an enemy convoy. One Spitfire 69 Squadron carried out photographic reconnaissance of Benghasi.

16 October 1942: Hurricane Hit in Friendly Fire Incident

A Hurricane aircraft was attacked this morning by a Spitfire six miles off Grand Harbour. The friendly fire incident happened during the confusion of an expected air raid which had not materialised. The alert was raised just before 8.30 am when eight Axis aircraft were reported patrolling the Kalafrana area. However, four separate groups of Spitfires scrambled to intercept the raiders failed to locate any enemy planes.

Forty minutes after the scramble, a Hurricane was despatched to search for a missing pilot was recalled with the expectation of imminent action. Once the ‘raiders passed’ signal was given, a Hurricane was again sent on a rescue mission. However, the Spitfires were still in the air on the look-out for hostile aircraft: one caught a glimpse of the Hurricane and fired before realising it was friendly. The Hurricane sustained damage but landed safely: the pilot escaped injury.

137 UNEXPLODED BOMBS IN 7 DAYS

A massive increase in the number of unexploded bombs has resulted from recent enemy air activity. The intercept tactics now used by RAF Squadrons are costing the enemy dearly – but raiders under attack jettison more bombs. 137 UXB reports have been received by Royal Engineers Bomb Disposal in the week since the Axis renewed heavy air raids on Malta. All the reports are concentrated around the three airfields of Hal Far, Luqa and Ta Qali, and on the north east coast of the Island.

Anti-personnel bomb canister

A third of the reports were for high explosives, the rest were anti-personnel bombs or incendiaries. The Luftwaffe is using mainly 50kg bombs again: more of them can be loaded onto each aircraft and, with fewer planes reaching target, a single bomber getting through can drop a greater number of bombs in one attempt.

Adapted from UXB Malta, S A M Hudson, History Press 2010/2012

AIR RAIDS DAWN 16 OCTOBER TO DAWN 17 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fine; little or no cloud.

0625-0745 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on intercept patrol: no sightings.

0649 hrs 50 enemy aircraft including eight JU 88s approach the Island.

0701 hrs Air raid alert. Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled to intercept. The raiders are attacked 5-10 miles north of Grand Harbour. Capt Kuhlmann and P/O Reid each probably destroy a MU 88; P/O O’Brien damages another and Sgt Gore damages a ME 109. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and seven 126 Squadron Luqa are also scrambled and engage the raiders. 126 Squadron Sgt Park destroys one ME 109. Two Spitfires are lost: F/O Wallace and Sgt Wilson are missing. 1435 Squadron P/O Owen probably destroys one ME 109 and damages another; Sgt Harrison damages one JU 88 and F/Lt McLeod one ME 109. One Spitfire is damaged. The enemy bombers are forced to jettison their bombs over the sea. Some bombs fall on land at Sliema and St Julian’s, damaging civilian property and injuring thirteen. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

0725 hrs C Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a fighter crashed in the sea four miles out from Della Grazia.

0742 hrs Raiders passed.

0800 hrs D Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a Spitfire crashed into the sea two miles due north of Grand Harbour.

0829-0946 hrs Air raid alert. Eight enemy aircraft approach the Island and patrol the Kalafrana area. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept: no sightings.

0900 hrs Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: no combat. Six Spitfires 249 Squadron are also airborne on interception: no sightings.

0905 hrs Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled but encounter no enemy aircraft.

0910 hrs One Hurricane from Hal Far is dispatched to search for a missing pilot but is recalled before beginning the search.

0946 hrs One Hurricane searches 042 degrees Grand Harbour 6 miles but is attacked by a Spitfire: the aircraft is damaged but the pilot is unhurt.

0950 hrs More than 60 enemy aircraft approach the Island. Eight Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and engage enemy aircraft. Sgt Francis destroys one ME 109; Sgt Ballantyne and P/O Reynolds each damage one JU 88.

0952 hrs Air raid alert. Fighters carry out a sweep of the Island. Six Spitfires 1435 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. F/Lt McLeod destroys one ME 109.

1010 hrs Seven JU 88s cross the coast near Hal Far and drop bombs on the airfield, slightly damaging an aircraft on the ground. Six Spitfires 249 Squadron make a head-on attack on bombers as they bomb the airfield. F/Sgt Lara destroys one JU 88; S/Ldr Woods and F/O McElroy each damage one. P/O Lowrey damages one ME 109. Two Spitfires are lost: one pilot is safe but injured; F/Sgt Carter is shot down into the sea and is missing. Four Spitfires are damaged in combat: pilots unhurt.

1045-1235 hrs One Hurricane from Hal Far searches for the missing pilot: no sightings. Four Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept enemy aircraft: no sightings.

1050 hrs Raiders passed.

1250 hrs 35 enemy fighters, including ME 109 fighter bombers, approach the Island. Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept. They see four ME 109s but the raiders are too far away and flying too fast to be intercepted. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept 35 enemy fighters including fighter bombers: no engagement.

1300-1340 hrs Air raid alert. The raiders cross the coast at over 25000 feet. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Bombs are dropped near Mqabba and in the Mellieha area before escaping towards Sicily.

1505-1612 hrs Two Hurricanes from Hal Far are dispatched to search for a missing pilot: nothing sighted.

1535 hrs A massive formation of eight JU 88s with an escort of 60 fighters including six fighter bombers approaches the Island in six waves. Six Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled and attack the seven JU 88s and six ME 109 fighter bombers. P/O Williams destroys one JU 88 and Sgt Wynn probably destroys one. F/Lt Hetherington and Sgt Budd each damage a JU 88.

1540 hrs Seven Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. Sgt Miller probably destroys one JU 88 and damages another; F/Lt Parkinson also damages one.

1615 hrs Air raid alert. Seven Spitfires 1435 Squadron and ten 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. 126 Squadron Sgt Cherran destroys one JU 88; Sgt Marshall probably destroys one ME 109; Sgt Tiddy and Sgt Roberts each damage one JU 88. Sgt Tiddy damages one ME 109 and F/Lt Jones damages one Macchi 202. 1435 Squadron P/O Walton, Sgt Fuller and Sgt Eva each damage one JU 88. Three Spitfires are damaged in combat: pilots unhurt.

1630 hrs The bombers, fighters and fighter bombers cross the coast in six waves. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Four JU 88s attack Luqa, destroying one Beaufighter on the ground and damaging another, before receding south. 4^th Bn Heavy Ack Ack Regiment guns at XHB 8 claim a direct hit on one JU 88 which is then seen to crash into the sea: claim one JU 88 destroyed. The ME 109s bomb Ta Qali, rendering the aerodrome temporarily unserviceable and injuring two civilians.

1655 hrs Raiders passed.

1700 hrs 2^nd Bn Royal Irish Fusiliers Beat the Retreat in Castille Square.

1831-1844 hrs Air raid alert. One aircraft crosses the coast but no bombs are dropped. Beaufighters of 89 Squadron Luqa are airborne to intercept: no engagement. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

2332-2350 hrs Air raid alert. Two enemy aircraft approach the Island and cross the coast, dropping flares north west of Ta Qali. Bombs and incendiaries are dropped on the St Paul’s Bay and Rabat areas. Beaufighters of 89 Squadron Luqa are airborne to intercept: no raiders seen.

0246-0335 hrs Air raid alert. Six enemy aircraft approach the Island; only one crosses the coast. All bombs are dropped in the sea. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagement. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

Military casualties Warrant Officer II Peter Carter, Royal Canadian Air Force, 249 Squadron; Flying Officer Edward Wallace, Royal Canadian Air Force, 126 Squadron; Flight Sergeant William Wilson, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 1435 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

Enemy casualties (known) Wallenburger and Wehner: crew members of a JU 88 bomber picked up from the sea by RAF Launch.

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 16 OCTOBER 1942

HMS Hythe

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept in P 43 who reported having sunk an 8000 ton southbound merchant vessel.

AIR HQ Arrivals One DC 3 from LG 224. Aircraft casualties Four Spitfires damaged due to enemy action: one pilot baled out, rescued uninjured; two pilots crash-landed, one injured. Two Spitfires missing from enemy action: pilots missing.

LUQA One Baltimore 69 Squadron was despatched on reconnaissance with one Spitfire 69 Squadron on photo-reconnaissance. 2330-0300 hrs One Wellington 69 Squadron was despatched to locate and illuminate one merchant vessel sighted by the Baltimore. Flares were dropped.

17 October 1942: Spitfires Must Win 2^nd Battle of Malta

AIR OFFICER COMMANDING RALLIES RAF

The following message has been sent by AOC Mediterranean addressed to Spitfire pilots: “Grand work fighter boys. Your magnificent fighting in the last five days is being watched not only in Malta but by the RAF on other fronts as well as by our Russian allies. Although heavily outnumbered last May Malta Spitfires came out on top and I am confident that you will win the second battle of Malta. Some of the enemy bomber squadrons have already shown that they cannot take it. Keep it up and in a few days the other German bombers will throw up the sponge. Replacement Spitfires and pilots are on the way but there is still some stiff fighting to finish the job. Good luck to you and good shooting.”

Army operated fuel bowser

A second message is addressed to all maintenance personnel: “Your part in the present battle for Malta is greatly appreciated but serviceability of Spitfires continues to fall. You can and must get it up again. Where you have worked hard you must work harder and faster. Give the fighter boys Spitfires and they will drive the Hun out of the sky.”

RAF CLAIM SCALPS OF TWO LUFTWAFFE AIR ACES

Two highly decorated Luftwaffe ‘gruppenkommandeure’ (group commanders) were killed in air battles over Malta today.

GKmdr Major Heinrich Paekpcke was pilot of the leading JU 88 of seven bombers attacking early this morning when his aircraft was involved in a head-on collision with a Spitfire just off the coast to the south east of Valletta. Both pilots were killed instantly, although the three other Luftwaffe crewmen seen to bail out before the bomber hit the water. Spitfire pilot Flight Lieutenant Jones was a member of 126 Squadron sent to intercept the enemy raiders.

Gerhard Kollewe

Bomber pilot GKmdr Gerhard Kollewe was flying one of seven JU 88s and nine ME 109 fighter bombers which launched a heavy bombing raid over Malta just after noon today. His bomber was shot down into the sea during an air battle with Malta Spitfires intercepting the raid off the coast of Valletta. Kollewe and his crew baled out but he and observer Feldwebel Bernhard Mähler were killed. Radio operator Oberfeldwebel Martin Assum and aerial gunner Feldwebel Paul Ballof were rescued alive and taken prisoner of war.

Heinrich Paepcke and Gerhard Kollewe were highly decorated Luftwaffe commanders, among the elite recipients of the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross, awarded for extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.

MILITARY SITUATION REPORT WEEK ENDING 17 OCTOBER 1942

From: Governor & C in C Malta To: C in C Middle East Rpt: The War Office

1. Enemy air offensive during daylight resumed with great suddenness on 11 October. Tactics: 6-8 JU 88s escorted by 30-50 fighters making an average of four raids daily on aerodromes. These tactics are the same as the beginning of 1942 but with much increased fighter support. The latter proved most necessary but did not prevent heavy losses German Air Force. Spitfires made magnificent interceptions, many 15-20 miles north of Gozo and destroyed 49 JU 88s and 59 fighters, probably destroyed 27 JU 88s and 21 fighters and damaged 67 JU 88s and 64 fighters. Heavy Ack Ack destroyed one JU 88 and damaged another. As the week progressed, the determination to force home attacks grew weaker and bombs fell further and further from the aerodromes, eg Wardia Ridge, Mellieha and in the sea. German Air Force towards the end of the week were forced to use fighter bombers. Malta casualties only 24 Spitfires lost (11 pilots safe) but many damaged. Little damage to aircraft on the ground or aerodromes. Photo reconnaissance shows that numbers of aircraft in Sicily continue to increase – now total 660 including 196 German bombers and 238 fighters.

2. During darkness approximately 100 bombers, of which only 34 crossed the coast. These attacks were not characterised by the same determination as daylight attacks early in the week. Bombs in scattered localities; little damage. Beaufighters destroyed four HE 111s, probably destroyed another. Heavy Ack Ack destroyed one bomber. Approximately 33 per cent illuminations by searchlights.

3. Own air attacks on convoys by a small number of Beaufighters, Albacores and Wellingtons resulted in one merchant vessel 7000 tons hit.

4. Working parties were increased to assist RAF in maintaining aerodromes and aircraft. Many UXBs dealt with.

5. Military damage negligible. Some damage civilian property and civilian casualties. Military casualties one Other Rank killed, nine wounded.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 17 OCTOBER TO DAWN 18 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Mainly fine.

0635 hrs Seven JU 88s with an escort of some 25 fighters approach the Island. Five Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to locate the enemy fighters but do not engage.

0645 hrs Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept. F/Lt Charney damages one Macchi 202. Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron and four 1435 Squadron Luqa are also scrambled to intercept and engage the enemy 12 miles east of Zonqor, forcing them to jettison their bombs in the sea. 126 Squadron P/O Thompson, W/Cdr Hanks and P/O Stevenson each destroy one JU 88; F/Sgt Varey destroys one ME 109. Sgt Yeatman and F/Sgt Varey probably destroy one JU 88 each. 1435 Squadron S/Ldr Lovell damages one JU 88. One Spitfire is damaged (pilot unhurt). F/Lt Jones crashes into a JU 88, bringing it down: heis missing.

0648 hrs Air raid alert. A few remaining aircraft cross the coast and drop bombs on scattered areas from Naxxar to Madliena. The ME 109s drop their bombs on Ta Qali. Four ME 109 fighter bombers launch a further attack on Qawra Tower area.

0725-0900 hrs One Hurricane from Hal Far is airborne on a search for missing airmen: nothing sighted.

0735 hrs Raiders passed.

0800-0900 hrs Seven Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali on intercept patrol: no sightings.

0915-1100 hrs One Hurricane from Hal Far is airborne on a search for missing airmen: nothing sighted.

0938-1007 hrs Air raid alert. Eight ME 109s approach to within three miles of Grand Harbour, suspected to be searching for survivors. Malta fighters are airborne but do not engage.

1133 hrs 75 enemy aircraft including seven JU 88s and nine ME 109 fighter bombers are reported approaching the Island. Eight Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled to intercept and attack five JU 88s with escort plus six ME 109 fighter bombers. F/Lt Hetherington destroys one JU 88; P/O Giddings destroys one ME 109. P/O Seed probably destroys one JU 88; Sgt Budd probably destroys one ME 109 and P/O Moody damages one.

1152 hrs Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept. Sgt Smith and F/Lt Charney each damage one JU 88; P/O Park damages two others and one ME 109. Sgt Garvey is shot up and crash lands: his aircraft catches fire and he is injured.

1158 hrs Six Spitfires 229 Squadron attack five JU 88s with fighter escort and six ME 109 fighter bombers head on. F/Lt Parkinson destroys one ME 109. One Spitfire does not return: pilot Sgt Miller is missing.

1210 hrs Air raid alert. Four Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. Sgt Tiddy destroys one JU 88 which is seen to crash into the sea at 1232 hrs. One Spitfire is damaged: the pilot is unhurt. The remaining raiders cross the coast. Heavy Ack Ack fire. The JU 88s drop bombs on Birkirkara, Sliema, Naxxar and Gharghur, demolishing several houses and damaging others. Bombs fall opposite the Officers’ Mess of 2^nd Bn Royal West Kent Regiment in Birkirkara.

1244 hrs Ta Qali aerodrome is attacked by six ME 109 fighter bombers: no significant damage is caused.

1314 hrs Raiders passed.

1502-1513 hrs Air raid alert. Enemy fighters approach to within 3 miles north of Comiso on a search for survivors. Malta fighters are airborne but do not engage.

1630 hrs 60 enemy aircraft including ten ME 109 fighter bombers approach from several directions at a great height. Seven Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled to intercept but do not engage.

1637 hrs Eight Spitfires from Hal Far are scrambled to intercept: one is damaged in combat and another crash-lands with undercarriage trouble.

1652 hrs Air raid alert. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and eight 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept. The remaining raiders cross the coast and bombs are dropped in the sea and on land in St Paul’s Bay area.

1701 hrs Four enemy fighters launch a dive-bombing attack on the RAF station at Qawra Tower and Headquarters of C Company 2^nd Bn Kings Own Malta Regiment. The raiders are engaged by anti-aircraft fire from Qawra Tower.

1735 hrs Raiders passed. Enemy casualties: nil. Three Spitfires are damaged in combat; pilots unhurt.

1800 hrs 15 enemy bombers approach the Island at dusk. Three Beaufighters 89 Squadron Luqa are airborne to intercept but do not locate the raiders.

1810 hrs Air raid alert. Most of the bombers cross the coast and dive-bomb Kalafrana, damaging a hangar, and on Birzebbugga. High explosive, anti-personnel and incendiary bombs are dropped on Hal Far airfield and Safi in another dive-bombing attack, causing craters near the runway and damaging one Spitfire. Heavy Ack Ack fire. One HE 111 is destroyed.

1846 hrs Raiders passed.

0024-0058 hrs Air raid alert. Three enemy aircraft approach Malta. One crosses the coast dropping flares over St Paul’s Bay and a delayed action bomb on Ta Qali. Other bombs are dropped in the sea. Heavy Ack Ack fire. Beaufighters 89 Squadron are airborne to intercept enemy raiders but see no aircraft.

0315-0352 hrs Air raid alert. Four enemy bombers approach the Island but only one crosses the coast, dropping flares. The other three drop their bombs in the sea north of the Island. Beaufighters 89 Squadron are airborne: no engagement. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

Military casualties Flight Lieutenant Ripley Jones, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAF VR), 126 Squadron; Flight Sergeant Ronald Miller, RAF VR, 229 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Birkirkara Anthony Camilleri, age 40; Carmela Gatt, age 45; George Zammit, age 8.

Enemy casualties (known) Oberfeldwebel Walter Boerner and Feldwebel Edwald Futterknecht, air gunner and crewman of a JU 88 bomber, picked up from the sea and taken prisoner; Gruppenkommandeure (GKmdr) Gerhard Kollewe pilot of JU 88 bomber shot down into the sea and killed; GKmdr Major Heinrich Paekpcke, pilot of a JU 88 bomber collided with a Spitfire and killed; Unteroffizier Erwin Seibt, Wireless Operator of a JU 88 bomber, picked up from the sea and taken prisoner.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 17 OCTOBER 1942

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Hudsons from Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties Two Spitfires missing due to enemy action: pilots missing. Four Spitfires damaged by enemy action: one pilot uninjured; three crashed – one pilot injured.

HAL FAR 2032-0122 hrs One Swordfish and one Albacore were despatched to attack a 7000 ton merchant vessel previously attacked on 14 October and discovered beached near Homs Harbour. The Swordfish returned early with engine trouble, jettisoning the torpedo. The Albacore located the target but cloud cover over the moon prevented him making an accurate attack. He dropped a torpedo but observed no results.

LUQA One Beaufighter 89 Squadron on patrol over Catania sees a HE 111 on the runway and destroys it. One Spitfire 69 Squadron carried out photo-reconnaissance of Benghasi and another made a photo-recce of Homs.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT The Battalion is now finding one Officer and 50 Other Ranks for aerodrome maintenance, refuelling and maintaining Spitfires on Luqa air base. One NCO and 18 men are working in support of the Royal Engineers Tunnelling Company working on the aerodrome.

FORTRESS ROYAL ENGINEERS ENGINEERS Bomb Disposal UXB Reported 137. Dealt with: 22 High Explosives, including 6 delayed action (8 x 250kg, 14 x 50kg) plus anti-personnel bombs and oil incendiaries.

(1) Papers of Group Captain Arthur Donaldson, DSO, DFC, AFC, from The Air Battle for Malta, the Diaries of a Spitfire Pilot, James Douglas Hamilton, Pen & Sword 2006

(2) Interview with Sgt Allan Scott

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Posted by maltagc70 on October 17, 2022 in 1942, October 1942

Tags: 126 Squadron, 1435 Squadron, 185 Squadron, 229 Squadron 249 Squadron, 89 Squadron, Beurling, bomb disposal, Donaldson, Kollewe, Malta, Paepcke, Royal Engineers, war diary, Warburton, World War Two

4-10 October 1942: Luftwaffe Gather in Sicily

10 Oct

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4 October 1942: 69 Squadron Rob Rommel

HEROIC RESCUE

Filfla

Quick thinking by a pilot of 227 Squadron today saved the life of an RAF observer whose aircraft had ditched in the sea near the Island of Filfla. Pilot Officer Briffet was observer on one of nine Beaufighters recalled early from a mission to attack an enemy convoy. The Beaufighter suddenly lost power and ditched into the sea killing the pilot, WO 2 George Fargher, Royal Canadian Air Force.

Four Beaufighters 227 Squadron were sent to locate the ditched aircraft and search for survivors. RCAF Flight Lieutenant Dallas Schmidt spotted P/O Briffet struggling in the sea and threw down his own dinghy, tied to his ‘Mae West’ life jacket. Briffet, who was unhurt, managed to swim to the dinghy and scrambled aboard to await rescue.

Meanwhile one of the four Beaufighters developed engine trouble and was forced to land on the sea near the dinghy. The crew were picked up unhurt by the High Speed Launch, along with P/O Briffet.

MESSAGE FROM AOC MEDITERRANEAN TO 69 SQUADRON

“Grand work 69 Squadron. Your attack by Fishingtons last night on a 6000 ton merchant vessel was clearly an unqualified success and probably robbed Rommel of yet another important ship.”

AIR RAIDS DAWN 4 OCTOBER TO DAWN 5 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Mainly fine; lightning late evening.

0830-0905 hrs 20 enemy fighters approach the Island at great height but few cross the coast. Heavy Ack Ack engage. Spitfires engage the enemy; one is reported missing in combat. Flight Sergeant George Hogarth’s aircraft is observed leaking Glycol as he crash lands at Qrendi. The aircraft hits an obstruction on landing, seriously injuring F/Sgt Hogarth. He is taken to hospital but later dies from his injuries.

0940-1025 hrs Five Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali on intercept patrol: nothing sighted.

1600-1945 hrs Three Beaufighters 227 Squadron carry out searches for the dinghy of a missing Beaufighter: nothing sighted.

2003-0414 hrs One Wellington 69 Squadron carries out searches for the Beaufighter dinghy: flares and flame floats were dropped but nothing was sighted.

Military casualties Flight Sergeant George Hogarth, Royal Canadian Air Force, 249 Squadron, RAF; Warrant Officer II George Fargher, Royal Canadian Air Force, 227 Squadron; Flight Sergeant Irving Gass, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 249 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 4 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Clocks retarded 1 hour to Zone – 1. Rorqual and P 43 sailed. Una and P 42 arrived.

AIR HQ Nine Beaufighters despatched to attack convoy. All aircraft recalled early. Arrivals One Hudson from Gibraltar. Departures Two Hudsons, one Mosquito to Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Beaufighter 227 Squadron missing. One Beaufighter 227 Squadron crash-landed.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron on reconnaissance from Taranto to Cape Maria de Leuca at 1305 sighted one 5000 ton merchant vessel, three destroyers and one large float plane. 1925-0315 hrs Four Wellingtons 69 Squadron, two carrying flares and two torpedoes, were despatched to locate and attack enemy convoy which was not located.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Number of personnel in hospital as a result of food poisoning has now risen to 60.

5 October 1942: Malta Sees Signs of Renewed Attacks

ME 109s in Sicily

Fighter pilots have been returning from intruder and reconnaissance missions over Sicily in recent days with reports of a build-up of Axis air forces on the Island. This evidence, added to the increased numbers of fighters in offensive sweeps over Malta, has increased concerns that the enemy may be planning a major attack. Today a Spitfire of 69 Squadron was despatched to make a detailed photographic reconnaissance of Trapani, Palermo, Messina, Catania, Augusta and Licata which will be carefully examined by Air Command.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 5 OCTOBER TO DAWN 6 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Mostly fine to fair; slight showers in the morning. Lightning early morning and late evening.

0805-0900 hrs Nine Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are airborne on interception and to act as cover for 249 Squadron: no enemy aircraft seen.

0925-1110 hrs Four Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are airborne to intercept a raid of four ME 109s but see no enemy aircraft.

1325-1600 hrs Ta Qali provides a standing patrol of two Spitfires over the High Speed Launch retruning to Grand Harbour: no enemy seen.

1413-1444 hrs Air raid alert for three enemy fighters which approach to within six miles of the Island and then recede. One crosses the coast east of Delimara. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Malta fighters are airborne but there are no engagements.

2056-2123 hrs Air raid alert for two enemy aircraft which approach the north east of Gozo and drop bombs in the sea before receding. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Two Beaufighters 89 Squadron Detachment Luqa are scrambled to intercept but see no enemy aircraft.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS MONDAY 5 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY P 37 and Parthian swept out by Speedy.

AIR HQ Night One Beaufighter on intruder patrol Sicily. Arrivals One Beaufort, one Hudson from Gibraltar. Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Beaufighter 227 Squadron force landed in the sea: crew rescued unhurt.

HAL FAR 185 Squadron released all day.

LUQA Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron were airborne on interception and made a reconnaissance patrol of the Cape Passero-Comiso area but saw no enemy aircraft. One Spitfire 69 Squadron make a photographic reconnaissance of Trapin, Palermo, Messina, Catania, Augusta and Licata.

TA QALI 0720-0835 hrs Five Spitfires 249 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol: no sightings. 1120-1220 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol: nothing sighted.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY B Company are carrying out coast patrol and Tal Virtu Observation Post duties for this week.

6 October 1942: Malta Infantry Prepare for Large Scale Ops

A major military exercise took place this morning at Mellieha involving Malta’s infantry troops. The exercise, organised by 2 Brigade, started at 9 this morning and included a demonstration of Artillery operations on a large scale. Troops taking part were members of 2 Brigade Artillery Group, 23^rd Field Battery Royal Artillery, 49/91 Field Battery Royal Artillery, 1 Troop 48/71 Defence Battery Royal Artillery and 2^nd Battalion Royal Irish Fusiliers.

Military leaders explained the object of demonstration which was to give Infantry troops experience in carrying out an attack under their own Artillery fire and to show the flexibility of Artillery fire. The exercise was followed immediately by a demonstration of Allied and enemy weapons at Ghain Tuffieha.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 6 OCTOBER TO DAWN 7 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Clear.

0950-1019 hrs Air raid alert for three enemy bombers: one drops bombs 40 miles north of Malta, the remainder drop bombs in the sea four miles north of Gozo. Their escort of 24 enemy fighters approaches the Island at 23000 feet; only six cross the coast. Malta fighters dive to attack a formation of eight ME 109s which take violent evasive action and manage to escape. Two other ME 109s are engaged; 1435 Squadron P/O Lattimer damages one; Sgt Phillips’ aircraft is slightly damaged.

1820 hrs C Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regiment report a white verey light eight miles out to sea due north of Della Grazia.

2158-2220 hrs Air raid alert for three enemy aircraft, none of which cross the coast: bombs are dropped in the sea. Two Beaufighters 89 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept. They pursue one raider but are unable to overtake it.

Military casualties Lance Bombardier Ronald Harris, 12 Field Regiment, Royal Artillery; Gunner Emmanuel Pirotta, 11 HAA Regiment, Royal Malta Artillery, died of wounds inflicted by enemy aircraft; Private John Vella, 3rd Battalion, King’s Own Malta Regiment.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 6 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Clyde arrived from Gibraltar with petrol and stores and P 44 from patrol, both being swept in by Rye. Clyde berths in Grand Harbour. P 44 reported having torpedoed a ship which had been beached after attack by Royal Air Force.

AIR HQ Four Spitfire sorties on offensive recce Sicily. Night One Beaufighter on intruder patrol Sicily. Arrivals One Douglas from LG 224. Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar; one Douglas to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Spitfire damaged: pilot unhurt.

HAL FAR 1515-1650 hrs Five Spitfires carried out a reconnaissance sweep over south east Sicily. One enemy aircraft is seen at deck level south of Biscari.

LUQA 2205-2217 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron patrols over Sicily: no enemy aircraft seen.

TA QALI 0725-0825 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol: no sightings.

7 October 1942: Victory Kitchens Threatened With Closure

Victory Kitchen

A Government Select Committee has recommended today that Victory Kitchens should be closed. The recommendation is the conclusion of an investigation into the emergency food provision commissioned in September. The study was launched following severe criticism in the press, both in editorial and letters sections, of the quality of food service in Victory Kitchens.

The Committee reported a lack of uniformity in taste or quantity and slated the cooks, citing examples of food being over or undercooked, even sometimes burnt or left raw. Supervisors were also heavily criticised, with suggestions that few were up to the job. The Committee’s recommendation for closure included the suggestion that instead all produce be distributed to the population via their rations.

The Government has issued a statement in response, questioning the basis for some of the Committee’s findings. They rejected the proposal to issue food direct to the public on the basis that this would disadvantage those less able to pay a premium for produce. However, it is accepted that the expansion of Victory Kitchen users from 20000 in August to some 100,000 today has created problems. Urgent measures will be taken to address allegations in the report of poor cooking, wastage and pilfering. (1)

AIR RAIDS DAWN 7 OCTOBER TO DAWN 8 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Clear.

0745-0845 hrs Air raid alert for 18 ME 109s which approach the Island at a great height: few cross the coast. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Ten Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled to intercept and locate the enemy but the raiders have the advantage of height so there is no combat. Four Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa attempt to intercept three enemy fighters but the raiders turn back before they can be engaged.

1011-1047 hrs Three Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled along with aircraft from another Squadron to intercept 23 plus enemy fighters approaching the Island. The Spitfires are unable to catch the enemy.

1458-1525 hrs Air raid alert for 20 enemy fighters in a sweep, of which only three cross the coast. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Five Spitfires 185 Squadron are scrambled but see nothing.

Military casualties Private Joseph Pisani, 1st Malta Pioneer Group, Malta Territorial Force.

Civilian casualties Naxxar Teodoro Azzopardi, age 23.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 7 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Porpoise swept in from sea by Speedy, P 35 swept out by Beryl.

LUQA Four Spitfires 126 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol over Sicily: nothing sighted. 1512 hrs One Spitfire 69 Squadron on reconnaissance sights a convoy of two merchant vessels off Palermo. Spitfires of 69 Squadron also make photographic reconnaissance.

1^st Bn HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT During the period 1-7 October the Battalion has found two lorries, one motor-cycle and five other ranks for work on Hal Far aerodrome. Two twin Lewis guns have been manned during the hours of daylight on Safi Strip for anti-aircraft defence.

8 October 1942: 9000 Houses Destroyed, 17000 Damaged

VALUE OF SHELTERS DEMONSTRATED IN MALTA London, Thursday 8 October 1942

12 miles of tunnels dug for shelters

To the end of July more than 1300 Maltese had been killed in air-raids and 1600 seriously injured. About 9,000 houses had been destroyed and 17,000 damaged. The Lieut.-Governor Sir Edward Jackson, who is now in London, in giving these figures added that the comparatively small number of casualties was because every man, woman and child had a safe shelter. The providing of this had necessitated 12 miles of tunnels and 18 months had been occupied in digging out shelters.

Lady Jackson said that the people of Malta were devoutly religious. The scene in a larger shelter during a raid was not likely to be forgotten. It was packed and in almost complete darkness, with a tiny candle in front of the Shrine. The sound of bombs was deadened by the prayers. They were not praying for themselves, but for the sailors, the pilots in the skies and the men behind the anti-aircraft guns…

AIR RAIDS DAWN 8 OCTOBER TO DAWN 9 OCTOBER 1942

0807-0912 hrs Air raid alert for one enemy aircraft which approaches to within 20 miles of the Island and then recedes. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagement.

1012-1047 hrs Fifteen enemy fighters approach at between 22000 and 27000 feet, with another patrol of six ME 109s which cross the Island on reconnaissance. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Malta fighters are airborne but do not engage.

1313-1328 hrs Air raid alert for three ME 109s which cross the coast at 24000 feet before receding north. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagement.

1604-1636 hrs Eight ME 109s cross the coast at 28000 feet and recede south of Filfla. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagement.

1830 hrs D Company 1^st Bn Dorsetshire Regt report a light 4-5 miles out to sea.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 8 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept Clyde to sea, destined for Beirut with passengers and cargo.

9 October 1942: Maltese Warned Against Black Market

INFORMATION OFFICE ADVERTISEMENT

What do I do…about the Black Market?

I refuse to buy from profiteers.
I report to the Police anyone who tries to charge me more than the lawful price for a controlled article.
I combine with my friends to boycott known profiteers.
I go without a thing, rather than encourage profiteering by buying at an excessive price.
I do all I can amongst the people I meet to form a body of opinion which condemns profiteering. (1)

AIR RAIDS DAWN 9 OCTOBER TO DAWN 10 OCTOBER 1942

1022-1048 hrs 11 ME 109s cross the coast at 28000 feet over St Paul’s Bay and recede north east of Zonqor. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Malta fighters are airborne: no engagements.

2058-2100 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft proved to be friendly.

Military casualties Lance-Bombardier John (Carmelo) Bondin, 11th HAA Regiment, Royal Malta Artillery; Aircraftsman Arthur Robbins, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 9 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY P 212 arrived to join 10th Submarine Flotilla.

AIR HQ Arrivals Two Hudsons from Gibraltar.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron carried out photographic reconnaissance of Patras.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Battalion bugles marched the George Cross into Rabat where it was placed on view to the public.

2^nd Bn ROYAL WEST KENT REGIMENT 1730 hrs Battalion Beat the Retreat in Castille Square.

10 October 1942: Bombers Return – 15 Killed, 30 Injured in Gozo

EYE-WITNESS ACCOUNT OF THE TRAGEDY – click here

JU 88 bombers

Bombers were reported in the skies over the Maltese Archipelago in broad daylight this morning – for the first time in seven weeks.

Reconnaissance reports over recent days have provided clear evidence that the Axis are building up a large striking force in Sicily. Photographs show some 600 aircraft across the Island’s airfields. Indications are that a third of the Luftwaffe in the Mediterranean, and half their bomber strength, is now concentrated in Sicily. The inevitable conclusion is that Axis high command has demanded reprisals for the successful raids on their supply convoys to North Africa. As the air and submarine base for those attacks, Malta is now braced for further mass air attacks.

MOTHER’S COURAGE

Inez Portelli received a message that her daughter, who was staying at Inez’s sister’s house in Rabat, had been taken ill. She set off on foot to take sugar and milk to her daughter; her son insisted on going with her. Inez arrived to find, to her surprise, that her sister had taken her sick daughter to church:

“This appeared very strange to me because I was expecting to find my daughter in bed. In the meantime there was an air raid alert and I hurried with my son and my brother-in-law to get cover in the nearest shelter.

Before I had gone down two or three steps, a terrific explosion sent us all reeling. Suddenly all was confusion. Panic-stricken people were screaming and running aimlessly around and as I looked out I saw people lying on the ground, motionless, while others were crawling away or writhing in agony and moaning. My arm had been nearly torn away but I did not feel any pain. My brother-in-law took one look at me and fainted. I was laid on a stretcher and taken to [hospital]…I was taken into the operating theatre and when I came to in the morning I realised that my arm had gone.

Later on in the morning the hospital chaplain administered the Last Sacraments to me and I knew that there was little hope for me; I was so shocked that I begged them to let me die but the chaplain gently asked me whether I had any children. ‘Yes, four,’ I said. Then he said, ‘You will still be able to look after your children somehow with one arm but if you are not there anything could happen to them.’ Those words struck home and I was determined to go back to the family.” (2)

MILITARY SITUATION REPORT FOR WEEK ENDING 10 OCTOBER 1942

1. Considerable increase in enemy air activity at the weekend. 4-9 October total 123 fighter sorties in sweeps of 15 aircraft. 10 October total approximately 120 planes including eight JU 88s. Two JU 88s dropped bombs on Gozo: 10 civilians killed, 30 wounded. Two ME 109 destroyed, two probably destroyed, six damaged by fighters. Ack Ack no claims. Photo reconnaissance shows further increases – now a total of 531 aircraft including 122 JU 88s in Sicily.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 10 OCTOBER TO DAWN 11 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fine to fair; cloudless early morning.

0730-0901 hrs 40 ME 109s flying in various formations cross the coast at great height. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Malta fighters are airborne and engage, damaging one ME 109. One Spitfire is damaged in combat and crash-lands; the pilot is unhurt.

0932-0935 hrs Air raid alert for fifteen ME 109s which fly at 29000 feet over Gozo and then over the south of Malta, eventually receding north. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and two of 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled to intercept and locate the raiders which avoid combat.

1041-1119 hrs Air raid alert: two JU 88s accompanied by 45 fighters approach Gozo from the north. Malta Spitfires are scrambled to intercept and engage the bombers which jettison their bomb loads on Sannat, Gozo, demolishing 15 houses, killing 15 civilians and injuring 30 more. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Malta Spitfires destroy one ME 109, probably destroy two and damage three. One Spitfire is slightly damaged in combat.

1348-1414 hrs Four Spitfires 126 Squadron are scrambled to intercept 46 enemy fighters which turn away before the Spitfires can catch them.

1544-1623 hrs Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron and two of 126 Squadron are scrambled with aircraft of other Squadrons to intercept 30 plus enemy aircraft including six JU 88s which approach the Island. The raiders evade the Spitfires and escape towards Sicily.

Night Three alerts for a total of 10 aircraft of which only six cross the coast. Flares are used over the Island. Bombs are dropped in the areas of Gozo, Luqa and Dingli.

Military casualties Aircraftsman John Pitt, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 185 Squadron.

Civilian casualties Gozo (Sannat) Michael Azzopardi, age 6 mths; Joseph Cini, age 50; Saviour Curmi, age 80; Pauline Farrugia, age 70; Josephine Galea, age 30; Michael Galea, age 8; Margaret Galea, age 6; Joseph Galea, age 4; Grazia Muscat, age 50; Mary Muscat, age 30; Frances Pace, age 45; Catherine Saliba, age 35; Mary Tabone, age 17; Carmela Theuma, age 64; Lydia Zammit, age 2.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 10 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Porpoise sailed being swept out by Hythe.

AIR HQ Arrivals One Beaufort from Gibraltar; one Liberator from LG 224. Departures Two Hudsons to Gibraltar. Aircraft casualties One Beaufort missing in transit from Gibraltar to Malta.

HAL FAR 185 Squadron released.

10^thACK ACK BRIGADE, ROYAL ARTILLERY Order issued detailing move of GL set to Gozo.

FORTRESS ROYAL ENGINEERS ENGINEERS Bomb Disposal UXB Reported 9. Dealt with: High Explosives 4 (1 x 250kg; 3 x 50kg); anti-personnel bombs 20.

(1) Adapted from When Malta Stood Alone (1940-1943), Joseph Micallef, Interprint Ltd, Malta 1981

(2) The People’s War, Malta 1940/43, Laurence Mizzi, Progress Press, Malta 1998

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Posted by maltagc70 on October 10, 2022 in 1942, October 1942

Tags: 227 Squadron, 69 Squadron, Dallas Schmidt, Gozo, Malta, Sannat, war diary, World War Two

27 September-3 October 1942: Disease Now a Greater Threat Than Bombs

03 Oct

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27 September 1942: Beaufighter Shot Down by Friendly Fire

A RAF pilot has died and his observer is in a critical condition after friendly fire struck their aircraft over Malta. The Beaufighter of 89 Squadron was one of two which had to return early from a patrol to intercept enemy raiders. As they approached, the Island’s anti-aircraft positions were on ‘Guns Tight’, orders to shoot only at aircraft once they had been identified. However, the guns covering the approach to Luqa airfield were still on ‘Guns Free’ – ready to fire at any aircraft.

Beaufighter 39 Squadron at Luqa

Spotting an unidentified aircraft headed for Luqa, the gunners opened fire. The Beaufighter pilot took evasive action, turning away from the airfield and looping back to make another attempt at landing. But the aircraft had lost too much height and he was forced to crash land. The Beaufighter burst into flames. The pilot escaped from the top hatch as Royal Artillery personnel rushed to the scene, managing to rescue the observer, Pilot Officer Alfred Cumbers, who was badly burned. Despite suffering relatively minor burns the pilot, Flight Lieutenant John Waddingham, died later in hospital from shock.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 27 SEPTEMBER TO DAWN 28 SEPTEMBER 1942

Weather Good; visibility good.

No air raid warnings.

0735-0820 hrs Five Spitfires 185 Squadron are scrambled on intercept patrol: nothing sighted.

Military casualties Flight Lieutenant John Waddingham, Royal Air Force.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SUNDAY 27 SEPTEMBER 1942

P 35 HMS Umbra

ROYAL NAVY P 35 attacked a large escorted merchant vessel but, as the first torpedo failed to sink her, she later followed up and attacked by moonlight, and obtained a further hit. ML 459 and Swona carried out sweeping operations in St. Paul’s Bay and approaches. No mines were swept. Beauforts unsuccessfully attacked an enemy convoy with torpedoes.

AIR HQ Night Three Beauforts of 39 Squadron were despatched to attack a southbound enemy convoy in the Ionian Sea. Only one aircraft found the convoy which comprised four destroyers and a 5000 ton merchant vessel 120 miles south west of Cape Matapan proceeding on a sourtherly course at 12 knots. One torpedo was dropped but owing to poor visibility the results were not observed. Arrivals One Liberator from LG 224; one Beaufort, one Wellington, one Hudson from Gibraltar.

HAL FAR 1100-1205 hrs Five Spitfires 185 Squadron made a reconnaissance patrol over Sicily: no enemy activity.

TA QALI No operations by 229 or 249 Squadrons.

28 September 1942: Navy Air Squadron in Convoy Attacks

Two night attacks were carried out tonight against shipping near Cape Spartivento, one by a Wellington of 69 Squadron and another by two Swordfish and two Albacores of the Royal Naval Air Service squadron based at Hal Far.

The Wellington left Malta this evening on the tail of a convoy of one 4000 ton merchant vessel and three destroyers which he located five miles north east of Spartivento, heading westwards. The bomber launched a stick of four 500lb bombs at the merchantman and one burst very close to the stern. Photographs taken later showed a merchant vessel, believed to be the one attacked, beached off Locri.

Albacore

Two hours later the four RNAS aircraft took off with orders to search for an enemy merchant vessel but found only a single Navigator Class destroyer about 20 miles off the toe of Italy. They released two torpedoes, forcing the destroyer to take violent evasive action. They reported a hit amidships followed by a large flash. One Swordfish experienced intense and accurate light Ack Ack fire and was slightly damaged but returned safely to Hal Far.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 28 SEPTEMBER TO DAWN 29 SEPTEMBER 1942

Weather Fine; visibility 10-15 miles.

1705-1735 hrs Air raid alert. 14 enemy fighters approach; only three cross the coast while the remainder patrolled to the north of the Island. Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept: no engagement.

1815-1900 hrs Two Spitfires 249 Squadron on anti-E boat patrol: nothing sighted.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS MONDAY 28 SEPTEMBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Sweep of St Paul’s Bay completed and area now considered clear. Rye swept P 44 out for patrol.

AIR HQ Spitfires carried out two offensive reconnaissances over Sicily: no enemy aircraft sighted. Arrivals Two Marylands from ADU 201 Group; three Beauforts, two Hudsons from Gibraltar. Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar; one Liberator to LG 224; one Cant 506 to Aboukir.

TA QALI 229 Squadron stood down. 1325-1425 hrs Five Spitfires 249 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol (one spare returned early): no sightings.

1st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT 1130-1300 hrs 100 Men of B Company and 100 of C Company stood by in the Dockyard in case of rioting. Trouble was expected as the ASM was seeing a delegation of workmen who advocated more pay etc. No incidents of any kind occurred: everything was quite normal.

2^nd Bn ROYAL IRISH FUSILIERS Three day scheme began to test mobile role of Battalion.

29 September 1942: Enemy Fighter Strength Up

AOC MED CONGRATULATES RAF LUQA

Two messages have been received at RAF Luqa from Air Officer Commanding, RAF Mediterranean:

Sir Arthur Tedder, AOC RAF Middle East 1942

“Well done 69 Squadron. Your good reconnaissance made possible torpedo attack on a fat enemy merchant vessel. Keep it up.”

“Well done 39 Squadron. Lieutenant Tilley put up a first rate show in his determination to attack in most unpleasant weather conditions. A good job well carried out.”

AIR RAIDS DAWN 29 SEPTEMBER TO DAWN 30 SEPTEMBER 1942

Weather Fine; visibility good.

0930-1020 hrs Five Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far on patrol: nothing sighted.

1112-1205 hrs Air raid alert. 30 ME 109s approach the Island in four or five waves. Ten Spitfires 185 Squadron are scrambled to intercept but do not engage. Only 15 enemy fighters cross the coast. Heavy Ack Ack engage.

1610-1635 hrs Air raid alert. Six ME 109s cross the coast and then patrol south of Filfla. Heavy Ack Ack fire.

1600-1720 hrs Nine Spitfires 249 Squadron are scrambled to intercept enemy aircraft (one spare returned early). Enemy fighters are sighted but turn ‘up sun’ and get away. Five Spitfires 185 Squadron are also scrambled: nothing sighted.

1815-1905 hrs Two Spitfires Ta Qali on anti-shipping patrol: no sightings.

2100-2110 hrs Air raid alert for a single enemy bomber: bombs in the sea.

Military casualties Nil.

Civilian casualties Mgarr Santo Abela, age 14.

OPERATIONS REPORTS TUESDAY 29 SEPTEMBER 1942

Minesweeper HMS Speedy

AIR HQ 23 Spitfire sorties over Sicily during the day: no combats. Arrivals One DC3 from LG 224; three Hudsons, two Beauforts from Gibraltar. Departures Two Hudsons to Gibraltar; one Spitfire to Heliopolis. Aircraft casualties One Beaufort missing in transit between Gibraltar and Malta.

HAL FAR 1345-1545 hrs Five Spitfires carried out a sweep over south east Sicily. Enemy aircraft were sighted taking off from Comiso aerodrome and two E boats seen two miles off the coast: no combats.

TA QALI 0915-1010 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol over Sicily. Enemy fighters were sighted but no combat took place.

1st Bn CHESHIRE REGIMENT 1130-1300 hrs B and C Companies stood by again in the Dockyard in case of trouble.

30 September 1942: Meat and Fish Only Once a Week

The Government has announced a new menu for the Victory Kitchens, reducing the service of meat and fish to only once a week each (1):

Monday Balbuljata (i) with peas
Tuesday Macaroni with tomatoes
Wednesday Minestra (ii)
Thursday Tinned fish, beans and tomatoes
Friday Macaroni with tomatoes
Saturday Minestra
Sunday Meat with tomatoes and tinned beans

AIR RAID STATISTICS SEPTEMBER 1942

Total number of alerts to date 2927
Total number of alerts this month 57
Air raid alerts night 17
Number of Blank Days 6
Number of Night raids 17
Raid Free Nights 13
Alerts for Own Planes 7
Total time from air raid alert to raiders passed 1 day, 2 hrs, 5 mins
Average length of alert 27.5 mins

Throughout the month the Army provided 200-250 men daily to assist the RAF in servicing aircraft, maintenance of aerodromes, etc.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 30 SEPTEMBER TO DAWN 1 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fine; visibility good.

0815-0830 hrs Air raid alert. Five Spitfires 229 Squadron Ta Qali are scrambled to intercept: no sightings. Alert believed to be triggered by returning friendly aircraft.

0845-0850 hrs Air raid alert. Four Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept: no sightings. Alert also believed due to friendly aircraft.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS WEDNESDAY 30 SEPTEMBER 1942

AIR HQ 1540-1630 hrs Offensive reconnaissance by four Spitfires over Sicily: no enemy aircraft sighted. Departures One Hudson to Gibraltar; four Beauforts to LG 224. Aircraft casualties One Beaufort missing in transit between Malta and LG 224.

HAL FAR 185 Squadron released.

TA QALI 1540-1630 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol: no sightings. 1755-1850 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol crossed over Biscari and Comiso aerodromes: no enemy aircraft sighted.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Strength of Battalion: 30 Officers, 614 Other Ranks.

4^th Bn THE BUFFS (ROYAL EAST KENT REGIMENT) Personnel engaged on co-operational duties at Luqa aerodrome: 1 Officer, 62 Other Ranks night; 1 Officer, 108 Other Ranks day.

1^st BN HAMPSHIRE REGT Throughout September two twin Lewis guns were manned during daylight on Safi strips for anti-aircraft defence. No rounds were fired at hostile aircraft. Throughout the month working parties at Hal Far aerodrome were: two impressed lorries, four Other Ranks manning the lorries; one Other Rank with motor-cycle on special police duties.

4^th HEAVY ACK ACK REGIMENT During the month the Regiment has only fired 90 rounds ARBT. A new form of night barrage has been evolved in which each RCR as before works out the datas for its own gun positions. Plots are obtained from the GL at very 10^th second immediately following the buzz made in the circuit from RCR; the buzzes are also made in the guns circuit. The FCO [Fire Control Orders] orders ‘Immediate – height’ on the next buzz guns start a stop watch on each position. The FCO now works out the co-ordinates of the barrage point, based on a time from the executive buzz of 55 seconds and orders the co-ordinates. Guns work out the date and apply it; gun positions subtract the time of flight (say 17 seconds) from 55 and fire when their stop watch shows 38 seconds.

1^st Bn KINGS OWN MALTA REGIMENT The coast in the Battalion sector was vigilantly patrolled each night in September and a mobile platoon is also performing intensive patrolling on the Island of Gozo.

1 October 1942: Diseases Pose Greater Threat Than Bombs

EPIDEMIC CLAIMS MALTA MEDIC

Major Douglas Armstrong of the Royal Army Medical Corps whose death was announced last Thursday [24 September], lost his life due to a disease from which he had saved countless others. Still in his twenties Major Armstrong, who had commanded Malta’s Field Hygiene Section since January 1941, struggled through the intense blitz of Malta while every other senior medical officer was lost to the service. Fighting an epidemic which was proving an even greater threat to the Island’s population than enemy bombing, the Glasgow born doctor himself finally succumbed to the infection.

Conditions in shelters increase infection risk

A typhoid outbreak among civilians was first identified some months ago, with a concentration of cases around the Luqa area. The disease was believed to be carried by flies rather than water-borne.

SCABIES ‘RAMPANT’

A significant percentage of Malta’s civilian population has been affected by scabies. A figure of 20 per cent quoted in June is now believed to have at least doubled. Causes include hygiene problems due to the scarcity of water and soap, and the crowded conditions in the Island’s shelters and emergency housing which make washing difficult and aid the spread of this highly contagious disease. Troops have also been affected, at about half the rate of the population at large. “It was the general belief then that scabies is caused by a combination of under nourishment and lack of hygiene…Scabies was rampant in 1942. There might have been cases earlier. I was stricken by scabies in 1943, at a time when it was supposed to have been relieving. Large red boils covered my feet, hands and my bottom. They itched a lot and made me scratch frantically…” J A Zahra, 2011

MALTA DOG

A debilitating condition now threatens to undermine the effectiveness of the Island’s fighting forces. An unpleasant form of dysentery known to the troops as ‘Malta Dog’ attacks suddenly and weakens the constitution of servicemen already significantly underweight due to reduced rations. Sufferers can be confined to bed for several days, unable to return to duties until their condition stabilises.

“For about a fortnight I was really off colour with symptoms I will not mention, beyond saying that all food tasted like fat, and was difficult to swallow. In addition I had a prolonged attack of [‘Malta Dog’] a form of dysentry, painful and exhausting, but that seemed to be always with us.” (2)

JAUNDICE

“One morning I woke with a splitting headache and high temperature which persisted all day. This with long hours of duty with little leisure at last forced me to go to see the Naval Surgeon. As I walked in he greeted me with ‘Hello Mr. Austin!, got Jaundice?’ So that was it.

‘I am sorry to say that you can’t go to Hospital, Imtarfa and Bighi are full and St Patricks has over 500 cases of Jaundice. It is caused by rat contaminated butter’. He continued. ‘Beyond Epsom salts I have nothing else to prescribe. What you need is plenty of green salads, which are not available. You must go to bed, eat only dry toast and potatoes boiled in their jackets, tea without sugar and milk, and nothing else whatsoever’. (2)

SHORTAGE OF MEDICAL SUPPLIES

The lack of regular supplies to Malta creates worrying shortages of medical supplies to tackle and prevent disease as well as to treat wounds. The severely reduced rations, as well as threatening to cause malnutrition, weakens the immune system and aids the spread of infection. Without the emergency ‘magic carpet’ deliveries of essential items by submarine, the Island will face possible multiple epidemics.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 1 OCTOBER TO DAWN 2 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Cloudy, then fair to fine.

0634-1310 hrs; 1517-1940 hrs Four Baltimores 69 Squadron Luqa carry out a search to the south east of Malta for a missing Beaufort dinghy – not found.

1005-1010 hrs Air raid alert. Three plus fighters approach to within 15 miles of St Paul’s Bay. Nine Spitfires 229 Squadron are scrambled to intercept but see nothing. The raiders do not cross the Island.

2112-2136 hrs Air raid alert for three approaching enemy aircraft. One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa is airborne to intercept but sees nothing. Bombs are dropped in the sea 30 miles north of the Island.

Military casualties Flight Sergeant Joseph Menard, Royal Canadian Air Force.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS THURSDAY 1 OCTOBER 1942

P 46 HMS Unruffled

ROYAL NAVY P 35 swept in by Hythe, and P 46 to sea. P 35 reported having sunk on escorted merchant vessel south west of Stravothi. A flash and the sound of an explosion were reported by the military at about 2000 hrs, 8 miles west of El Blate. As P 46 was estimated to be in this position at the time, she was ordered to report, which she did at 2020.

AIR HQ Spitfires carried out offensive reconnaissance over Sicily. 2130 hrs Beaufighter on intruder patrol over Sicily. Arrivals One Hudson from Gibraltar. Departures Eight Beauforts to Shallufa.

HAL FAR Owing to a severe crosswind 185 Squadron were not scrambled all day.

LUQA 0825 hrs One Spitfire 69 Squadron photographs one 6-7000 ton merchant vessel with an escort of two destroyers off Cape Armi. 0920-1035 hrs Two Spitfires 1435 Squadron carried out reconnaissance patrol. Two RE 2001s were sighted: S/Ldr Lovell damaged one. 1510 hrs One Spitfire 69 Squadron sighted two destroyers and two motor torpedo boats off Cape San Taranto.

TA QALI 1725-1820 hrs Four Spitfires 229 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol: nothing sighted.

2 October 1942: Axis Troops Sick From Lack of Food

Axis troops lack food and water

A lack of food and water is causing significant sickness among Axis troops as Allied attacks disrupt supply runs through the Mediterranean. Rommel’s Afrika Korps is now getting just a quarter of the supplies they need, thanks to combined air and sea offensives from Malta.

The German Field Marshal had informed Berlin that he needed 50,000 tons of supplies if his forces were to continue effective operations in North Africa. During September alone, Allied Air and Naval forces in the Mediterranean have sunk 34000 tons of shipping at sea. Daily attacks on enemy convoys by Malta’s bombers and submarines have disrupted convoys, crippling Axis tankers and merchant vessels. Any supplies which did get through had to be landed at Tripoli and transported many miles to the battle front.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 2 OCTOBER TO DAWN 3 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fair to cloudy at first; fair in the evening.

0746-0914 hrs Eight Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are scrambled. Blue Section patrols over Grand Harbour while Black Section carry out a sweep over south east Sicily: no enemy aircraft sighted.

1010-1130 hrs Eight Spitfires 126 Squadron Luqa are scrambled for reported raiders which do not approach close to Malta: no enemy aircraft sighted.

1420-1550 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali on intercept patrol: no sightings.

1615-1645 hrs Five Spitfires 185 Squadron are airborne to provide cover for friendly aircraft: no enemy seen.

1800-1915 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron on anti-E boat patrol: no sightings.

2140-2205 hrs Air raid alert. Three enemy bombers approach close to the north east of Malta between 24000 and 28000 feet. Two of the aircraft drop bombs in the sea, one five to ten miles east of Ta Silch and the other five miles north of Gharghur. One Beaufighter 89 Squadron Luqa is scrambled to intercept but does not encounter the aircraft.

2200-0030 hrs One Beaufighter 89 Squadron airborne on patrol: no enemy aircraft sighted.

Military casualties Nil. Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS FRIDAY 2 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Rorqual swept into Grand Harbour by Rye having arrived from Beirut with stores.

de Havilland Mosquito

AIR HQ 2200 hrs Beaufighter on intruder patrol Sicily. Arrivals One Liberator from LG 224; one Spitfire from LG 28; one Mosquito from Benson. Departures Three Hudsons to Gibraltar; one Wellington, one Liberator to LG 224; six Beauforts to Shallufa; one Wellington to LG 208.

LUQA 0650-0750 hrs Four Spitfires 126 Squadron were airborne on reconnaissance patrol: no enemy aircraft sighted.

TA QALI 0740-0850 hrs Five Spitfires 229 Squadron (one spare returned early) on reconnaissance patrol over Sicily: no sightings. 0915-1035 hrs Nine Spitfires 249 Squadron on reconnaissance patrol sighted two Macchi 202s and four ME 109s. F/Sgt De Lara damaged one Macchi.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Thirty one Other Ranks were admitted to hospital suffering from suspected food poisoning.

1^st Bn KINGS OWN MALTA REGIMENT 17 Platoon relieved 18 Platoon in Gozo.

3 October 1942: Enemy Bomber Force in Sicily Increased

Reports are coming in from Malta’s photo-reconnaissance pilots that enemy bomber numbers in Sicily are increasing. After careful analysis of photographs covering Sicilian airfields at the end of September has produced estimates of 403 aircraft of all types. Of these 83 are German bombers and 145 Italian bombers; 172 are Italian and German fighters.

PR SPITFIRE SPOTS CONVOY TARGET

This afternoon a Malta reconnaissance pilot reported an enemy convoy consisting of a 5000 ton merchant vessel escorted by three destroyers crawling south from Taranto. Four Wellingtons – two carrying bombs and flares and two carrying torpedoes – were despatched to make a night attack on the convoy. They found the ships 33 miles south east of Cape Santa Maria di Leuca. Only one torpedo was launched and this scored a hit amidships on the merchant vessel, producing a red glow. Four 1000 lb bombs were also dropped but the results could not be seen. All aircraft returned safely to base.

FOOD POISONING HITS BATTALION

A possible outbreak of food poisoning has been reported by 1^stBattalion Durham Light Infantry. 31 Other Ranks were admitted to hospital yesterday, followed by another 11 today, bringing the total number of cases to 42 out of a total of 614 men.

MILITARY SITUATION REPORT WEEK ENDING 3 OCTOBER 1942

From: Governor & C in C Malta To: C in C Middle East Rptd: War Office

1. Enemy air – daylight: six alerts for fighter sweeps totalling 92 aircraft. No combats. Night: six aircraft approached – bombs in the sea.

2. Own air – daylight: Over 70 sorties of Spitfires over Sicily. One RE 2001 damaged. No losses. Night: Total five Wellingtons sorties to attack convoys: near-misses bombs on two merchant vessels, probably torpedo hit merchant vessel. Two Swordfish, two Albacore sorties to attack convoy: one torpedo hit amidships on destroyer. No losses.

3. Military damage and casualties: nil.

AIR RAIDS DAWN 3 OCTOBER TO DAWN 4 OCTOBER 1942

Weather Fair to fine. Lightning late evening.

0645-0810 hrs Four Spitfires 249 Squadron Ta Qali on anti-E boat patrol.

Caproni Re 2001 Falco

0905-0941 hrs Air raid alert. 21 ME 109s and RE 2001s carry out a fighter sweep: about half cross the coast at 28-32000 feet. Heavy Ack Ack fire pointer rounds. Eight Spitfires 1435 Squadron Luqa are scrambled with fighters of other Squadrons to intercept. Enemy aircraft are sighted but no combat takes place.

0920-1000 hrs Two Spitfires 185 Squadron Hal Far are airborne to cover the minesweepers off Grand Harbour.

1019-1032 hrs Air raid alert for 12 enemy aircraft approaching the Island. Sixteen Spitfires are scrambled to intercept but the raiders recede when 25 miles off St Paul’s Bay.

1115-1155 hrs Air raid alert: aircraft are identified as friendly.

1515-1630 hrs Seven Spitfires 1435 Squadron are scrambled to intercept reported enemy raiders but they do not approach Malta – no aircraft are sighted.

2258-2309 hrs Air raid alert: are identified as friendly.

Military casualties Flight Sergeant Harold Sansome, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve.

Civilian casualties Nil.

OPERATIONS REPORTS SATURDAY 3 OCTOBER 1942

ROYAL NAVY Hythe swept Utmost out on patrol and then Parthian in with cargo from Gibraltar, followed by P 43 returning from patrol.

AIR HQ 12 Spitfire sorties on offensive reconnaissance over Sicily. Arrivals One DC3 from LG 224; two Hudsons from Gibraltar. Departures One DC3 to LG 224.

LUQA One Spitfire 69 Squadron carried out photo-reconnaissance from Taranto to Cape Maria Leuca.

1^st Bn DURHAM LIGHT INFANTRY Total number of personnel in hospital suffering from suspected food poisoning is forty-two.

FORTRESS ROYAL ENGINEERS ENGINEERS Bomb Disposal UXB Reported 1. Dealt with: High Explosives nil; anti-personnel bombs 17; oil incendiaries 11.

(i) normally eggs scrambled with tomatoes and onions – in this case powdered eggs were used

(ii) soup with vegetables and pasta

(1) Adapted from Malta Diary of a War, Michael Galea, PEG Ltd 1992

(2) Extract from Autobiography of Leonard (Len) Austin, Foreman of Malta Dockyard, August 1939 – March 1943

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Posted by maltagc70 on October 3, 2022 in 1942, October 1942, September 1942

Tags: bomb disposal, Malta, P35, Royal Engineers, Swona, war diary, World War 2

Tag Archives: Malta

29 November 1942: Starvation Rations Barely Eased Despite Convoy

30 November 1942: Spitfire Bombers Turn Table on Axis

1 December 1942: Another Convoy for Malta

2 December 1942: Convoy Rescues RAF Crew Adrift in Dinghy

3 December 1942: Tanker Joins Operation Portcullis Convoy

4 December 1942: HMS Welshman Arrives Safely

5 December 1942: The Siege of Malta is Lifted

22 November 1942: Malta Troops Stealth Mission to North Africa

23 November 1942: Operation Breastplate

24 November 1942: Malta Submarines ‘Torch’ Attacks Leave Axis Ships Ablaze

25 November 1942: British and US Military Chiefs Meet in Malta

26 November 1942: Convoy Supplies Enough For Three Weeks

27 November 1942: Polio Outbreak in Malta

28 November 1942: Breastplate Back On

15 November 1942: 700 Allied PoWs Die in British Sub Attack

16 November 1942: Convoy Embarks For Malta

17 November 1942: Army on Standby to Unload Convoy

18 November 1942: Convoy Attacked – 159 Killed

19 November 1942: First Raid Since 6 November

20 November 1942: Convoy Cargo Blaze – Fuel Supplies Destroyed

21 November 1942: 14000 Tons of Cargo Unloaded in 60 Hours

8 November 1942: Malta Aircraft & Submarines Join Operation Torch

9 November 1942: Axis Fighters Move From Sicily to Tunisia

10 November 1942: Enemy Transport Aircraft Arrive in Med

11 November 1942: Qrendi Air Strip Opens

12 November 1942: Manxman Arrives With Supplies and Men

13 November 1942: Malta Fighters Disable 13 Axis Transport Planes

14 November 1942: El Aouina Under Fire

1 November 1942: ‘Spy Ship’ to Relieve Malta Fuel Shortage

2 November 1942: Operation Supercharge

3 November 1942: Empire Patrol’s Cover Blown

4 November 1942: 8th Army Breaks Axis Lines

5 November 1942: Axis Armies Taken Prisoner

6 November 1942: Four New Squadrons in Malta

7 November 1942: Aviation Fuel Enough For 4 Weeks

25 October 1942: Enemy Air Attacks Declining

26 October 1942: Malta Bombers Back On The Attack

27 October 1942: RAF Sink Rommel’s Hopes For El Alamein

28 October 1942: Operation Train Brings Reinforcements

29 October 1942: German Pilots Sick of Fight For Malta

30 October 1942: RAF Win Latest Battle For Skies Over Malta

31 October 1942: 14 Attacks On Axis Convoys

18 October 1942: Petrol Running Out

19 October 1942: Booby-Trapped Cluster Bombs on Malta

20 October 1942: Maltese ‘Spirit of Resistance’ Recognised

21 October 1942: Malta Blitz Fails To Stop Sinking of Axis Supplies

22 October 1942: Luftwaffe Crew Captured After 3 Days Adrift

23 October 1942: Battle For El Alamein Has Begun

24 October 1942: Rations To Be Cut Again

11 October 1942: 31 Civilians Killed – 17 in Tarxien

12 October 1942: 700 Raiders Over Malta in 60 Hours

13 October 1942: 1000 Axis Aircraft Destroyed Over Malta

14 October 1942: Screwball Beurling’s Last Mission

15 October 1942: Luftwaffe Fighter Bombers Target Malta

16 October 1942: Hurricane Hit in Friendly Fire Incident

17 October 1942: Spitfires Must Win 2nd Battle of Malta

4 October 1942: 69 Squadron Rob Rommel

5 October 1942: Malta Sees Signs of Renewed Attacks

6 October 1942: Malta Infantry Prepare for Large Scale Ops

7 October 1942: Victory Kitchens Threatened With Closure

8 October 1942: 9000 Houses Destroyed, 17000 Damaged

9 October 1942: Maltese Warned Against Black Market

10 October 1942: Bombers Return – 15 Killed, 30 Injured in Gozo

27 September 1942: Beaufighter Shot Down by Friendly Fire

28 September 1942: Navy Air Squadron in Convoy Attacks

29 September 1942: Enemy Fighter Strength Up

30 September 1942: Meat and Fish Only Once a Week

1 October 1942: Diseases Pose Greater Threat Than Bombs

2 October 1942: Axis Troops Sick From Lack of Food

3 October 1942: Enemy Bomber Force in Sicily Increased

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17 October 1942: Spitfires Must Win 2^nd Battle of Malta